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七、环境、健康 （环保、疾病、食品健康等）（一）例文审题节约资源, 保护环境. 从我们身边的小事做起，假设你是一个注重“低碳”生活的中学生, 请以“My Low-carbon Life” 为题，写一篇短文，简单描述自己的“低碳生活”。提示: (1)每天步行上学; (2)离开教室时，关灯、电扇、电视等；（3)不用水时, 记住关水龙头，循环使用水；（4)充分使用纸张；（5)不使用塑料袋。 参考词汇：on foot, turn off, tap, reuse, make full use of, plastic bag(s) 人称：我-第一人称时态：一般现在时内容：5个要点，适当发挥（二）头脑风暴pollution, fortunately, save, on foot, walk, water ,electricity, drive the car, taps, reused, recycle, reduce, duty, both sides of the paper. plastic bags, Lower carbon, cut down trees, improve, harmful, meaningful,（三）单句翻译/造句成文1、保护环境是我们的责任。 _2、现在的环境越来越来糟糕。 _3、我们应该做点什么保护环境。 _4 我们应该每天步行上班_5、 我们应该节约水和电 _6、我们应该循环使用水 _7、 我们应该两面使用纸。 _8、记住上商店使用自己的袋子。_9 我们的生活会变得越来越好 _10、让我们开始行动吧！_11. 我们应告诉父母走着上班，而不是开车上班。12购物用篮子而不用塑料袋是值得提倡的。13我过去常常开车上班，但是现在我发现坐公交车也很方便。14如果我们做了这件事，你可以想象我们的生活将多么美好。（四）连句成篇and, also, as well, so, because, for, but, however, while, although, though, therefore, in order to, so that, by, firstly, secondly, as for, first of all, then, next, besides, whats more, not onlybut also, after all, finally, the last but not the least, like, such as, for example/instance, and so on, on one hand, on the other hand, for one thing, for another thing, in my opinion, in all, in a word, at present, in the past, instead of, to begin with,Its our duty to protect the environment. The environment is becoming worse and worse. _, we must do something to prevent people from polluting the environment. _we should go to school on foot and tell our parents to walk to work. _ we should recycle water and save electricity _ turning off the taps ,fans, TV sets and lights _ we dont need them. _ we should use the both sides of the paper. _ remember to go shopping with your own basket. I believe_ our life will become better and better.Lower carbon, happier life. Lets take actions.（五）提升亮点1. 词组turn off, remember to do, make use of, ,its our duty to do, prevent. from, protect the environment, beautify the environment, reduce pollution, do harm to ，cut down trees, live a low carbon life, waste resource, take effective measures to do, form the good habit of doing, raise peoples environmental awareness, take actions2. 句型从句without, so that, had better do, Its bad for, make +adj, its time to, not only but also, the more ,the more, be glad that, the reason why is that, generally speaking, though/although, I think that/I believe that3. 非谓语结构：Its +adj. for sb. to do, doing sth is句子：It is good to make full use of paper.We should go to school on foot and tell our parents to walk to work instead of driving the car.By doing this, we can save many tree.Remember to go shopping with basket rather than plastic bags.I used to drive to work, but now it is convenient to take the bus.Its our duty to protect our environment.It is very important to take care of our environment.We should not throw litter onto the ground.We should not spit in a public place/ cut down the trees.We should plant more flowers and trees.We must pick up some rubbish and throw it into a dustbin.If everyone makes contribution to protecting the environment, the world will become much more beautiful.（六）主题升华I believe our life will become better and better if we can do these things.Its time for us to raise peoples environmental awareness and take actionsPollution is one of the most serious environmental problems in the world.The more exercise you do, the less junk food you eat, the healthier you will become.（七）习作：一、环境2010西城一模: 请仔细阅读英文校刊New Standard的“征稿启事”，并观察所给的6张照片，按照要求写出意思连贯，符合逻辑，不少于60词的短文。请不要写出你的姓名和校名。 Did you save water today?“Water Saving Week” is coming. Picture Talk invites you to join. Here are six pictures about the drought (干旱) in Southwest China. Which one moves you most? And you I was greatly shocked by the six pictures, especially the one which shows a six-year-old child is helping carry water home. Because of the worst drought, every drop of water seems so important to a family. I think its a great shame to waste water while millions are in great need of water. I used to waste water. I sometimes left the water running when I was brushing teeth. Now I find it wrong to do so and Ill remember to turn off the tap when I am doing the washing. Besides, Ill save the used water for later use. Its also a good idea to encourage my friends and family members to join me!Water is important in our life and everyone has the duty to save it. I believe if everyone makes a little effort, we can make a big difference. 2010顺义一模： 近期我国云南等地发生了严重的旱灾，缺水不仅带来人们生活的不便，而且会危及生命安全。请结合生活实际，谈谈你对水的认识，日常生活中我们应该如何节水呢？为什么要这样做？英文提示供参考：southwest, be short of, dry, difficult, dangerous, die, save, drop of, or(否则), same, fish One of the worst droughts in record has taken place recently in the Southeast of China. Not only the people but also the plants and animals are short of water. The earth is so dry that it makes a lot of fish dead. Its very difficult for people to make a living and so its dangerous to their lives. I think what we can do is that we have to save every drop of water as possible as we can. For example, we must turn off the tap immediately after we use it. We can use a basin to wash our hands and faces etc. Or maybe one day in the future, well get the same fate as the dead fish. If we dont save water now, the last drop of water in the earth will be our tear!2010昌平一模：假设你是小明，你的美国朋友山姆给你来了一封电子邮件。请写一封70-80字的回信一一回答他信中的问题。Dear Xiao Ming,How are you these days? I just came back from Yunnan last week and I noticed theres much drought in the southwest of China. Do you know it? Saving water is a must to do now. Can you think of three ways or more that you can do to save or reuse water?Look forward to hearing from you soon.Best wishes, Sam生词：drought 干旱Dear Sam, Im fine these days. Certainly I know the drought in the southwest of China. Ive thought of this problem for long. I can do many things on saving or reusing the water.First, I can reduce my bathing time from one hour to 15 minutes.Second, I can reuse the water to water the flowers after washing the vegetables and mop the floor after washing faces.Third, I wont throw the bottles with some water still inside. Ill keep doing them and try my best to save more water. All the best, Xiao Ming2010怀柔一模：英语周报正在举办“提倡节约能源，从小事做起”的演讲比赛。假如你是第八中学九年级五班的陈强，请写一篇英文演讲稿。首先做自我介绍，然后谈一谈你对节约能源的看法，并说一说我们中学生日常生活中应该怎样做。提示词语： save energy, turn off, recycle, save electricity, Hello, everyone. My name is Chen Qiang from No.8 Middle School. Im in Class 5 Grade 9. Saving energy is very important because its good for our society. As middle school students, we should do something for it in our daily life. First, remember to turn off the lights when you leave the rooms. Second, youd better collect the empty bottles and waste paper for recycling in spare time. Next, you should never let the water tap running all the time. Its our duty to do such useful things. In doing all these, I hope we can do something for our society.2011石景山一模：某英文杂志正在举办以“Protect our environment”为主题的征文大赛。假如你是阳光学校（Sun School）初三5班的李敏，请你写一篇短文参赛，文中请先介绍自己（如姓名、班级等），然后谈谈作为中学生，我们可以为保护环境做点什么，并呼吁大家参与到环境保护的行动中来。提示词语：name, save, energy, recycle, wastes, duty, joinMy name is Li Min, a girl from Class 5, Grade 3, Sun School. As middle school students, we should do something to protect our environment. First, we can save as much energy as possible. For example, we can go to school by bike instead of by car. Second, try to recycle wastes such as old newspapers, bottles and cans. Third, we can plant more trees to make our environment greener and cleaner.In a word, the environment is very important and its our duty to protect it. Please join us and take action.2011延庆一模： “国际节水活动周”（International Water-Saving Week）举办单位目前正在招募志愿者。假设你是李华，你想申请成为这个活动的志愿者。首先介绍你自己，然后说明你胜任的理由和申请成为志愿者的目的。提示词语：name, student, No. 9 Middle School, join in, a member of the schools Water-Saving Club, speak good English，team workMy name is Li Hua, a student from No 9 Middle School. I am very much interested in this activity so Id like to join in it as a volunteer. I am a member of our schools Water-Saving Club. I can speak good English. I am in the habit of saving water and good at team work. The world is thirsty for water. I think I have a duty to do something. Its also a good chance for me to make more friends.09朝阳：现在全世界都在倡导“低碳生活” (low-carbon life)，即：降低二氧化碳的排放，采取低能量、低消耗、低开支的生活方式。低碳生活对我们大家都有好处，请你写一篇短文向一家英文报社投稿。内容包括：你的具体做法、你的感受以及建议。提示词语： be good at, everyone, ride a bike, think, make a difference, environment , suggest, reuse Low-carbon life is good for everyone. To help with the environment, I always walk or ride a bike to school instead of taking a car. Besides, I use both sides of every piece of paper and I never forget to turn off the lights when I leave the classroom. I think its my duty to live a low-carbon life. And even the simplest activities can make a real difference to the environment. So I suggest we should reuse books as long as possible. And wed better not spend much money on expensive clothes. I believe we can make our world more and more beautiful. 2011西城二模：In our daily life, fires may happen. When a fire takes place, wed better not panic. First, we should dial 119 and call the fire station for help. If the fire isnt big, we can try to put it out with a fire extinguisher. Suppose we fail to put it out, and it gets bigger, we should leave the place as soon as possible without thinking about the belongings. Dont use lift, for we get caught inside of it. Stay low and run with your mouth covered with a wet towel. If you cant run out, open the window and call loudly for help.Its important for us to prevent fires from happening because a lot of people are hurt or even die in fires. Lets all be careful when using fire in our daily lives and live a safe life.二、健康2011怀柔一模： 下面是一份针对某市初中生的生活方式的调查问卷表（questionnaire）。该表包括问题、分值（scores）和结论。请先根据自己的实际情况完成问卷调查表，计算出自己的得分，再据此写一篇短文内容包括，简单描述你的生活方式，说出你的得分，并通过你的最后得分确定你的生活方式是否健康，并说出你今后的打算。 Middle school students lifestyle questionnaire Your choice:1. How often do you exercise? A. less than three times a week B. three to six times a week C. every day2. How long do you sleep every night? A. less than 7 hours B. more than 9 hours. C. 7-9 hours3. How much TV do you watch without a stop every day? A. more than 2 hours B. 1 hour to 2 hours C. less than half an hour4. How often do you eat cakes, cookies, sweets, ice-cream and junk food? A. often B. sometimes C. never5. How often do you eat fruit and vegetables? A. never B. sometimes C. often6. How often do you walk to school? A. never B. sometimes C. oftenScores: A=1 point B=2points C=3 points Your health score: Conclusion:69 points: Not healthy at all. Need exercise. Watch less TV. Sleep enough hours. Need healthy food.1013 points: Not bad but not healthy enough. Need more exercise, sleep and healthier food.1418 points: Very healthy. Congratulations!I dont often exercise. I exercise less than three times a week only in PE lessons and morning exercises at school. I dont have enough sleep hours every night and I feel sleepy in the day. I watch TV about one hour when I am having my supper. I sometimes eat candies but often eat fruits and vegetables. I walk to school every day.I get 13 points for these questionnaires. Its not too bad but I am still not healthy enough. I should exercise more and sleep more hours.2012昌平期末：请根据以下具体要求，完成一篇60词左右的文段。请不要使用真实姓名。 英文校刊征文同学们，我们的第一期英文校刊即将出版！你准备好了吗？本期主题：健康的生活习惯是否重要。征文内容：请就本期主题说明你的观点，提出建议和你的新年健康计划。词数要求：60词左右。参考词汇：健康的饮食healthy diet早睡早起early to bed, early to rise 拿起你的笔，来投稿吧！Good habits play an important part in keeping healthy. Lifestyle, diet and sports help build up a sound body.Every morning wed better get up early and remember to have breakfast. It is not good to watch TV too long or go to bed too late. Eating too much at meal is bad for our health, too. We shouldnt eat junk food. We should eat enough fruit and vegetables. Its good to take regular exercise such as basketball, bike riding, swimming and so on. Follow these and you can be healthy. Ill make a health timetable for the coming New Year which will be good for both my body and study.健康建议：假如你叫李飞，是学校“校园英语报”的编辑。你收到你同学张丽的姐姐的来信。请根据这位姐姐的要求，给张丽写一封回信。Dear Editor, I am really worried about my sister, Zhang Li. She always watches TV or reads books in her free time. She doesnt like going out to exercise. Im afraid that she will be not strong enough. Could you write to her to tell her the importance of doing exercise and give her some advice? A worried sisterDear Zhang Li,Your sister is worried about you very much. Because you dont take any exercise in spare time. I think health is very important to us teenagers. Either study or work is based on strong body. Doing sports every day helps us keep healthy and energetic. If we dont take any exercise, we may feel tired and get sick easily. So you should go out instead of staying at home. There are many kinds of sports you can do, such as running, swimming and ball games. Just remember Exercise one hour a day, keep illness away.Good luck!Yours,Li Fei补充：1. 6月5日( June 5)是世界环境保护日， 我们周围的环境变得越来越糟糕，污染越来越严重。假如你是学生Jone.，你校要进行“如何保护我们的环境?”专题演讲比赛。要求：1、举例说明环境存在的问题13方面; 2、如何保护好我们的环境，采取怎样的措施，举例13方面进行说明，字数80Dear headmasters, teachers, classmates and friends:Im very proud that I have chosen to speak to you all today, Im a bit(=a little) nervous as Ive never made a speech before to so many people ,so please forgive me if it shows.As we all know, the environment around us is getting worse and worse . In some places we cant see fish swimming in the river or trees on the hills. Some people even have no clean water to drink. So I think we must do something to protect the environment. .But what can we do? How to protect our environment? For example, we can go to school on foot or by bike. We can use shopping baskets not plastic bags when we go shopping and we can use both sides of the paper when we write. In a word, if everyone pays more attention to our environment, there will be less pollution and our lives will be better.“There is only one earth”, I hope everyone will protect our environment well.2. 青少年吸烟问题在我国是个严重的问题。据统计， 12-15岁的中学生约有35%以上的吸烟。一些学生只是好奇，而一些学生已经逐渐上瘾。请你对此谈谈看法同时说说吸烟的危害，并对那些吸烟的学生提出你的建议。提示语：smoking, serious problem, among teenagers, It is reported, students from 12 to 15, curious(好奇的), used to, difficult, give up, harmful, polluteSmoking is a serious problem among teenagers in China. It is reported that 35% students from 12 to 15 smoke. Some are just curious about it when they see others smoking. Unfortunately, others fall into the habit. And it is difficult to give up. I think it is not right for the students to smoke. Smoking is bad for peoples health. Many smokers died of lung cancer. It also harms peoples mental development, especially for teenagers. Smoking pollutes the air around us, and it can even cause fire. Every year, some people die from the fire caused by smoking and at the same time many buildings are destroyed by the fire.I hope those students who smoke should give up smoking as soon as possible, it is not only good for yourself but also for your family and people around you. You should put your heart into studies, and play ball games with your friends to make yourself a happy and healthy teenager. 实践练笔节约资源, 保护环境. 从我们身边的小事做起，假设你是一个注重“低碳”生活的中学生, 请以“My Low-carbon Life” 为题，写一篇短文，简单描述自己的“低碳生活”。提示: (1)每天步行上学; (2)离开教室时，关灯、电扇、电视等；（3)不用水时, 记住关水龙头，循环使用水；（4)充分使用纸张；（5)不使用塑料袋。 参考词汇：on foot, turn off, tap, reuse, make full use of, plastic bag 要求：词数：80个单词左右。不得真实的实的考生姓名，学校等信息。 文章内容可涉及到所给提示，并可适当发挥，但请不要逐条翻译。
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