中级口译真题(翻译部分).doc

中级口译实考试题汇编（翻译部分）考试时间英译汉 主题汉译英 主题一 199703中美合作的意义母亲患病二 199709海豚与人华东出口品交易会三 199803企业如何招聘人才某大学人才培养四 199809英国广播公司BBC深圳（机场）五 199903日本在二战中的角色澳门回归六 199909盲人海伦凯勒浦东国际机场七 200003企业内部的信息交流中国人民爱和平八 200009儿童学习语言台湾统一问题九 200103摩托罗拉转行历史年青人不爱读书十 200109世界经济重心的发展APEC会议十一 200203非赢利组织基金会家长会（讽刺市凤）十二 200209美国反恐老百姓生活水平十三 200303大学内部结构中国西部地区（政治，经济）十四 200309世界经济通货紧缩中国经济发展（改革开放，入世，西部大开发）十五 200403美国大学学费贷款问题中国和平发展十六 200409美国人口问题上海某公司简介十七 200503美国人对总统的期望值香港的文化氛围十八 200509美国劳动力市场竞争残酷中国与亚欧各国的合作互助十九 200603肥胖问题上海繁荣发展二十 200609物质文化和非物质文化的定义胡锦涛主席在耶鲁大学的演讲夸耶鲁大学二一 2007.03古董文物价格世博会二二 2007.09美国贫富心态中国和平发展不怕苦，吃苦半辈子，怕吃苦，吃苦一辈子！0409 翻译部分As individuals and as a nation, were defined by the choices we make. And too often, by the tough decisions we avoid. Most of us have avoided even thinking about how our rapidly growing population is affecting our quality of life and shaping our society. Our population has more than doubled since World War II, and at this rate, we could be on our way to 1 billion people living in the United States by the end of the century. Our population growth, driven in part by unchecked immigration, is already straining our healthcare and educational systems and, less noticeably but far more important putting a heavy burden on our natural resources. All these pressures on our resources will only worsen unless our leaders begin a national dialogue on the future of this country and start making the tough choices. Politicians are avoiding debate on these issues because they are the most difficult ones to confront. In campaign debating, these are wedge issues. But failure to come to terms with them will drive a wedge between all of us and a prosperous, healthy future for this country. 我们作为个人和一个国家 （民族），其特性表现为我们所做的选择，而且还常常表现为我们不想/避免做出的艰难决定（来确定的）。我们大多数人甚至不去思考我国快速增长的人口是怎样影响着我们的生活质量，决定着我们的社会。二次世界大战以来，我国的人口增加了一倍多。照这样的数度增长，到本世纪末生活在美国的人口有可能达到10 亿。造成我国人口增长的一部分原因是我们未对移民加以控制。这种增长已经对我国的医疗保健，教育体制造成压力。而且是我国的自然资源背上了沉重的负担，这一点虽然不太引起人们注意，但是更为重要。除非我们的领导人就国家的未来开始一场全国性的对话，并作出艰难的决定，否则对于我国资源的这些压力不会减轻。政客们避免就这些问题展开辩论，因为这些问题难以面对。在总统竞选辩论中，这些问题会导致分歧。但若不能成功地解决这些问题，我们将无法实现国家繁荣、健康的未来。汉译英本公司成立于1988年。经过不断发展，目前公司下属全资专业从事工程施工的单位有 4家，公司参股的企业有3家。公司拥有一大批技术人员和管理人员，其中有中高级专业职 称的占65。雄厚的技术力量和科学的管理为公司的健康发展奠定了坚实的基础。 不断深化的社会主义市场经济为公司的生存和发展提供了更大的机遇和空间。近年 来，公司先 参与承建了一大批上海市重大工程，为建设国际大都市作出了应有的贡献。Our company was established /set up in 1988. Through years of continuous development, it currently has 4 wholly-owned enterprises specializing in engineering and construction and3 enterprises in which it holds equity interests. Our company has a large number of technical and managerial personnel. Among them 65% hold intermediate and senior professional titles. The strong technical force and scientific management have laid a solid foundation for the healthy development of the company. An ever-growing socialist market economy has provided a bigger opportunity and space for the existence/survival and expansion /development of our company. In recent years/over the years，we have participated in /undertaken the construction of a large number of major projects in shanghai, making our contribution in shaping /building shanghai into an international metropolis.0503 翻译部分Americans have come to expect a lot of their presidents, more perhaps than any can deliver. We say that the president runs the country, but in practice, presidents have trouble running large parts of the government. We hold the president responsible for the economy, even though he has few economic levers at his command. We expect the commander in chief to lead us to victory in war, and then we complain when we think he is micromanaging the military. And we tend to think of the president as the personification of the nation he leads. Few other democracies combine the position of head of government and head of state. We do, and some of the bitterness of our politics spring from the conviction of many Americans that this of that president does not really represent their country. Yet as we look back at our presidents, we see them less as partisan politicians than as national leaders, who in different ways have helped develop the strengths and virtues of our nation. 美国人对总统的期望值越来越高， 高于他们的能力所及。我们认为，总统治理着国家，但是实际上，总统在处理大部分政府事务时存在着很多困难。我们也认为，总统应对国家的经济发展负责。即使 他们掌控的经济调节杠杆很有限。 我们希望，总司令能在战争中带领我们走向胜利。但是，当我们认为他们失去对军事的大局控制的时候，有牢骚满腹。我们往往认为，总统是他领导的国家的化身。 在别的民主国家的政治体制中，很少有人同时兼任政府首领和国家首领。但是我们却是这样。我们政治中让人心痛的地方来自于美国人的信念。他们认为，无论哪个 总统都不能真正代表他们的国家。但是当我们回顾历届总统的时候，我们并不把他们看成某个党派的政治家，而是看作整个国家的首领。他们以自己不同的方式来发 展我们的实力和美德。汉译英有人把香港说成是“文化沙漠”。实际上，香港有着其独特的文化氛围。在 电影制作方面，香港名列世界前茅，其流行歌曲在全球华人中有着广泛的影响， 而且还有8 所知名的大学。这座城市特殊的历史和地理因素造就了一种多样化的文化。每年一度由政府主办的艺术嘉年华为当地艺术家展示其独创性提供了一个广阔的平台，并鼓励更多人参与文化艺术创作，为中国的文华繁荣作出了许多创新和突破。Some people disparage/ describe Hong Kong as a “cultural desert”. Hong Kong has actually exhibited a unique cultural landscape embedded with Hong Kong characteristics/ a unique culture with Hong Kong characteristics. Hong Kongs film production stays ahead/ ranks among the best in the world, and its pop songs have widely influenced Chinese around the world. Besides, it has (established) 8 famous universities. The citys special historical and geographical traits have contributed to a diverse culture. The annual Art Carnival sponsored by the (SAR) government provides a wide/ broad platform for local artists to showcase their originality and encourages more people to be involved in cultural and artistic endeavors/ activities. (The literary and artistic circles of) Hong Kong have made a lot of innovations and breakthroughs for the prosperity/ enrichment of Chinese culture.0509翻译部分There is a growing number of economists who believe today s brutally tough labor market is not a temporary American oddity. Falling wages, reduced benefits and rising job insecurity seem to be increasingly entrenched features of the job scene across most of Western Europe, the United States and other parts of the developed world. The number of insecure freelance positions is rising (as are working hours) while stable jobs with good benefits are being cut. Laid-off workers are much less likely to be rehired by their old companies and have to find new jobs or turn to self-employment. Those who still have jobs are working longer hours with little prospect of meaningful raises. The new labor market is shaped by growing global competition, spurred by the rise of cheap manufacturers in China, India and Eastern Europe, and the price-chopping effect of both the Internet and giant retailers led by Wal-Mart. These forces compel Western companies to exercise a growing restraint on prices and labor cost. One thing globalization clearly does is to exert a leveling effect on wages. 越来越多的经济学家认为当今美国劳动力市场竞争异常残酷激烈，这不只是一时的怪现状。在大多西欧国家、美国及其他发达国家，降薪、福利削减、工作稳定性下降 似乎已经成为就业市场越来越难以改变的痼疾。不稳定的自由职业岗位增多（工作时间同样延长），而稳定福利好的工作机会减少。一旦失业，人们很难被旧东家重 聘，所以不得不找份新工作或者自己创业。而那些尚留在工作岗位上的人员工作时间加长，然而他们加薪前景微乎其微。中国、印度、东欧各国劳动力价格低廉，互联网和零售巨头（比如沃尔玛）把商品价格一降再降，这就使得全球竞争日益严重。进而，深刻的改变了原来的劳动力市场。结果，西方国家各家公司既要压低商品的价格，又要尽量削减成本。很明显，全球化让全世界的提薪之日遥遥无期。 汉译英中国有句古话：“相知无远近，万里尚为邻”。中国与亚洲各国山水相连， 共同铸就了灿烂的亚洲文明；古老而美丽的“丝绸之路”，谱写了中欧千年往来 的美好篇章。中国与亚欧各国的互利合作正在步入一个全新的阶段。中国已成为 亚欧和世界经济发展中的积极力量，我们 坚定走和平发展的道路，致力于同亚 欧各国发展富有活力和长期稳定的全面合作关系，与亚欧各国相互支持，携手前 进，共创美好的未来。 In China, there is an old saying which goes like this, “Long distance never separates close friends.” A ready link connecting this country and many other ones, like the Silk Road, in Asia and Europe helps a lot in bringing about the splendid civilization in Asia and the frequent exchanges and communication between China and the Continent in the past years. Now, we are going a step further in our cooperation based on mutual benefits, enjoying a brand-new bilateral relation. China, a devoted part in promoting the economic development in the 2 continents, will keep her track on the road of peace and development. A corresponding effort made by this country in building a dynamic and long-term cooperation in all fields across Asia and Europe, together with all the other efforts from the 2 continents, will definitely contribute a big part in making the bright future.0603翻译部分As a scourge of the modern society, obesity has become the worlds biggest public-health issue today-the main cause of heart disease, which kills more people these days than AIDS, malaria, war. Since the World Health Organization labeled obesity an epidemic in 2000, reports on its fearful consequences have come thick and fast.Will public-health warnings, combined with media pressure, persuade people to get thinner, just as they finally put them off tobacco? Possibly. In the rich world, sales of healthier foods are booming and new figures suggest that over the past year Americans got very slightly thinner for the first time in recorded history. But even if Americans are losing a few ounces, it will be many years before the country solves the health problems caused by half a centurys dining to excess. And, everywhere else in the world, people are still piling on the pounds. Thats why there is now a consensus among doctors that governments should do something to stop them.肥胖是现代社会的灾难，目前已经成为最严重的公众健康问题，心脏病主要因肥胖而起，肥胖夺去的生命比艾滋病、疟疾、战争还要多。2000年世界卫生组织把肥胖定性为流行病，自此人们纷纷探讨肥胖能够引发的严重后果。媒体的压力，健康的警告，能否使人们的体重有所减轻，就如同当初使人们远离烟草一样？的确有可能。在富裕的发达国家，健康食品的销售量不断上升，最新数字表明在过去的一年，美国人的体重有史以来首次有所下降。然而虽然美国人体重有所减轻，美国要解决半个世纪以来饮食过度带来的健康问题还得等到多年以后。而且，在世界上其他地区，人们的体重仍然在不断上升。正因为如此，目前医生一致认为各国政府应当采取措施抑制人们不断肥胖的发展趋势。汉译英上海是一座朝气蓬勃、充满活力、多姿多彩的国际大都市，改革开放以来，上海变化之大令世人瞩目。经济高速发展，社会秩序稳定，人民安居乐业，呈现出一片繁华气象。今天，尽管上海还有着不少色彩斑斓的过去可以留恋和回味，但城市日新月异的面貌却使越来越多的世人折服。浦西展示了上海的辉煌岁月，浦东展现了上海的美好前景。上海就像一轮红日，光芒四射，鲜艳夺目。上海的明天充满希望。Shanghai, a vigorous, dynamic and versatile international metropolis in China, has attracted worldwide attention with its dramatic changes since the introduction of reform and opening-up. It presents a picture of prosperity with its rapid economic development, social stability, peaceful and contended life of residents. Taking a new look with each passing day, Shanghai is drawing more and more admiration, despite its colorful past for nostalgia. The city, brilliant and splendid like the sun, promises a better future.0609翻译部分The culture of any society is usually thought to be of two kinds: material and nonmaterial. Material culture includes the man-made phenomena which have physical properties such as height, breadth, and weight. A boat, a machine, a houseall these objects are part of the material culture. The nonmaterial culture is that portion of the environment which surrounds man and which has an impact on his behavior but which lacks these material properties: values, beliefs, traditions, and all the other habits and ideas invented and acquired by man as a member of society.Contemporary sociological theory tends to assign primary importance to the nonmaterial culture in choosing problems for study. It assumes, for example, that boats, planes, automobiles, and so forth, are not nearly so important as the traditions we have developed which make their manufacture possibleindeed, which prescribe how we are to use them. The emphasis of contemporary sociology is to insist that the material culture would not exist had not the nonmaterial culture first been available to suggest the ideas which are embodied in the inventions of material culture.汉译英进入耶鲁大学的校园，看到莘莘学子青春洋溢的脸庞，呼吸着书香浓郁的空气，我不由回想起40年前在北京清华大学度过的美好时光。当年老师们对我的教诲，同学们给我的启发，我至今仍受用不尽。耶鲁大学以悠久的发展历史、独特的办学风格、卓著的学术成就闻名于世。如果时光能够倒流几十年，我真希望成为你们中的一员。耶鲁大学校训强调追求光明和真理，这符合人类进步的法则，也符合每个有志青年的心愿。Coming to the Yale campus with its distinctive academic flavor and looking at the eager young faces in the audience, I cannot but recall my great experience studying at Qinghua University in Beijing 40 years ago. Indeed, what happens during ones school years will influence his whole life. I still benefit greatly from the instruction of my teachers and my interaction with other students.Yale is renowned for its long history, unique way of teaching and excellence in academic pursuit. If time could go back several decades, I would really like to be a student of Yale just like you. Yales motto, Light and Truth, which is a calling for human progress, represents the aspiration of every motivated young man and woman.附录：中华文明历来注重亲仁善邻，讲求和睦相处。中国人 在对外关系中始终秉承“强不执弱”、“富不侮贫”的精神，主张“协和万邦”。中国人提倡“海纳百川，有容乃大”，主张吸纳百家优长、兼集八方精义。今天， 中国坚定不移地走和平发展道路，既通过维护世界和平来发展自己，又通过自身的发展来促进世界和平。中国坚持实施互利共赢的对外开放战略，真诚愿意同各国广 泛开展合作，真诚愿意兼收并蓄、博采各种文明之长，以合作谋和平、以合作促发展，推动建设一个持久和平、共同繁荣的和谐世界。0703翻译部分英译汉Back in 1972, $1 million was still an eye-popping amount of cash. But to Robert Hecht, an enterprising American antiquities dealer living in Paris, it was not too much to charge the Metropolitan Museum of Art for an exquisite Greek vase created 500 years before the birth of Christ and painted by one of the acknowledged masters of the craft. Since the acquisition of the Greek vase, the prices of antiquities have shot skyward. The problem with the burgeoning traffic in antiquities, however, is not so much the price but something far more significant: the provenance, i.e. where are these precious artifacts coming from? And who are their rightful owners? Evidence is increasing that more and more artifacts are being illegally unearthed from their countries of origin. A recent British study of five large collections totaling 546 objects, for instance, determined that 82 percent of the objects were suspect. From Italy to Greece to Turkey, countries have long complained about the trade in smuggled artifacts and have been largely unable to stop it.在1972年，100万美元可真是一大笔钱。但对于住在巴黎的经营有方的美国古董商罗伯特海克特而言，就一个精美的古希腊花瓶来说，他向纽约大都会博物馆开出的这个价钱并不算高。这只花瓶的历史比耶稣诞生还要早500年，是由当时一个公认的美术大家绘制的。自从那宗古希腊花瓶收购之后，古董的价格一路飙升。然而，日益兴盛的古董买卖，其问题不在于价格离谱，而是远比价格更为重要的事情，那就是古董的来源。这些稀世珍宝来自何方？谁是其合法拥有者？日益增多的证据表明，越来越多的文物正在其所在国被非法挖掘。例如，最近英国对总数达546件文物的五大收藏进行了研究，确定其中82%来源可疑。从意大利到希腊到土耳其，许多国家长期来一直在抱怨走私文物交易，却多半无法加以阻止。汉译英中国嬴得2010年世界博览会的举办权，靠的是国际社会对中国改革开放的支持和信心。这次博览会将是自1851年在英国伦敦第一次举办以来，首次在发展中国家举办的世界博览会，它表达了全世界人民对中国未来发展的期望。2010年上海世博会的主题是“城市，让生活更美好”。未来的城市生活是全球关注的话题，与每一个国家及其人民息息相关。第一次以“城市”作为主题的2010世界博览会将吸引全球约200个国家和国际组织参与盛会，国内外参访人数预计达7000万。China owes its successful bid for the World Exposition in 2010 to the international communitys support for and confidence in its reform and opening-up. The World Exposition will be the first one in a developing country since it was first held in 1851 in London, UK, which gives expression to the expectations the worlds people place on Chinas future development.The theme of World Expo 2010 Shanghai is “Better City, Better Life.” The prospect of future urban life, a subject of global interest, concerns every nation and its people, Being the first World Exposition on the theme of city, Expo 2010 will attract about 200 nations and international organizations to participate in it, with an estimate of 70 million visitors from home and abroad. 0709翻译部分Americans do not go in for envy. The gap between rich and poor is bigger than in any other advanced country, but most people are unconcerned. Whereas Europeans fret about the way the economic pie is divided, Americans want to join the rich, not soak them. Eight out of ten, more than anywhere else, believe that though you may start poor, if you work hard, you can make pots of money. It is a central part of the American Dream. The political consensus, therefore, has sought to pursue economic growth rather than the redistribution of income, in keeping with John Kennedys adage that a rising tide lifts all boats. The tide has been rising fast recently. Thanks to a jump in productivity growth after 1995, Americas economy has outpaced other rich countries for a decade. Its workers now produce over 30% more each hour they work than ten years ago. In the late 1990s everybody shared in this boom. Though incomes were rising fastest at the top, all workers wages far outpaced inflation. 参考译文：美国人心态很平和。他们并不太在意各自收入间的差别，尽管事实上没有哪个别的发达国家的贫富差距像美国这么大。这和欧洲人截然不同。欧洲人对全 民收入的分配很是上心。美国人则不一样，他们是想要成为富人，而对打垮富人并无兴趣。十有八九的国民坚信即使出身贫寒，只要通过努力，也能飞黄腾达。这不 正是美国梦的精髓所在吗？ 于是美国政界一致认为，与其回过头来均分财富，还不如实现经济的增长。这也和美国前总统约翰.肯尼迪的那句有名的水涨船高不谋而合。美国经济这十几年 的增长速度不可谓不快。随着1995年以来生产率的飞涨，美国经济的发展十二年来一直领先于其他强国，如今的生产效率是十年前的1.3倍。在上世纪的最后 十年，所有公民都从中尝到了甜头。尽管那些高收入者获益更大，但所有人的工资增长幅度都远胜于通货膨胀的速度。汉译英中国坚定不移地走和平发展道路，是基于中国国情的必然选择。1840年鸦片战争以后的100多年里，中国受尽了列强的欺辱。消除战争，实现和平，建设独立富强、民生幸福的国家，是近代以来中国人民孜孜以求的奋斗目标。今天的中国虽然取得了巨大的发展成就，但人口多，底子薄，发展不平衡，仍然是世界上最大的发展中国家。推动经济社会发展，不断改善人民生活始终是中国的中心任务。坚持走和平发展道路，是中国实现国家富强、人民幸福的必由之路。中国人民最需要、最珍爱和平的国际环境，愿尽自己所能，为推动各国共同发展作出积极贡献。It is an inevitable choice based on its national conditions that China persists unswervingly in taking the road of peaceful development. During the 100-odd years following the Opium War in 1840, China suffered humiliation and insult from big powers. And thus, ever since the advent of modern times, it has become the assiduously sought goal of the Chinese people to eliminate war, maintain peace, and build a country of independence and prosperity, and a comfortable and happy life for the people. Although it has made enormous achievements in development, China, with a large population, a weak economic foundation and unbalanced development, is still the largest developing country in the world. It is the central task of China to promote economic and social development while continuously improving its peoples life. To stick to the road of peaceful development is the only way for China to attain national prosperity and strength, and its peoples happiness. What the Chinese people need and cherish most is a peaceful international environment. They are willing to do their best to make energetic contributions for the common development of all countries.附录：总体难度：本篇选自中国和平发展道路白皮书，07年3月高口汉译英也考过环境保护白皮书。昂立出版高级口译预测试卷试卷二中汉译英曾专门考到 鸦片战争和中国的发展，本文主题和平与发展也是常考话题，以往真题多有涉及。其中中国坚定不移地走和平发展道路为推动各国共同发展作出积极贡 献等话语已屡见不鲜。所以总体来说，本篇难度中等，主要原因是词汇和结构对考生来说并不陌生。世界上真正的失败只有一种，叫半途而废！Stone Lin 2008年7月30日