英语六级阅读专项王长喜六级考试标准阅读.doc

英语六级阅读专项：王长喜六级考试标准阅读(3)第十一篇： Which is safer-staying at home， traveling to work on public transport， or working in the office？ Surprisingly， each of these carries the same risk， which is very low. However， what about flying compared to working in the chemical industry？ Unfortunately， the former is 65 times riskier than the latter！ In fact， the accident rate of workers in the chemical industry is less than that of almost any of human activity， and almost as safe as staying at home. The trouble with the chemical industry is that when things go wrong they often cause death to those living nearby. It is this which makes chemical accidents so newsworthy. Fortunately， they are extremely rare. The most famous ones happened at Texas City （1947），Flixborough （1974）， Seveso （1976）， Pemex （1984） and Bhopal （1984）。 Some of these are always in the minds of the people even though the loss of life was small. No one died at Seveso， and only 28 workers at Flixborough. The worst accident of all was Bhopal， where up to 3，000 were killed. The Texas City explosion of fertilizer killed 552. The Pemex fire at a storage plant for natural gas in the suburbs of Mexico City took 542 lives， just a month before the unfortunate event at Bhopal. Some experts have discussed these accidents and used each accident to illustrate a particular danger. Thus the Texas City explosion was caused by tons of ammonium nitrate（硝酸铵），which is safe unless stored in great quantity. The Flixborough fireball was the fault of management， which took risks to keep production going during essential repairs. The Seveso accident shows what happens if the local authorities lack knowledge of the danger on their doorstep. When the poisonous gas drifted over the town， local leaders were incapable of taking effective action. The Pemex fire was made worse by an overloaded site in an overcrowded suburb. The fire set off a chain reaction os exploding storage tanks. Yet， by a miracle， the two largest tanks did not explode. Had these caught fire， then 3，000 strong rescue team and fire fighters would all have died. 1.Which of the following statements is true？ A.Working at the office is safer than staying at home. B.Traverlling to work on public transport is safer than working at the office. C.Staying at home is safer than working in the chemical industry. D.Working in the chemical industry is safer than traveling by air. 2.Chemical accidents are usually important enough to be reported as news because _. A.they are very rare B.they often cause loss of life C.they always occur in big cities D.they arouse the interest of all the readers 3.According to passage， the chemical accident that caused by the fault of management happened at _. A.Texas city B.Flixborough C.Seveso D.Mexico City 4.From the passage we know that ammonium nitrate is a kind of _. A.natural gas， which can easily catch fire B.fertilizer， which cant be stored in a great quantity C.poisonous substance， which cant be used in overcrowded areas D.fuel， which is stored in large tanks 5.From the discussion among some experts we may coclude that _. A.to avoid any accidents we should not repair the facilities in chemical industry B.the local authorities should not be concerned with the production of the chemical industry C.all these accidents could have been avoided or controlled if effective measure had been taken D.natural gas stored in very large tanks is always safe第十一篇答案：DBABC第十二篇： What we know of prenatal development makes all this attempt made by a mother to mold the character of her unborn child by studying poetry， art， or mathematics during pregnancy seem utterly impossible. How could such extremely complex influences pass from the mother to the child？ There is no connection between their nervous systems. Even the blood vessels of mother and child do not join directly. An emotional shock to the mother will affect her child， because it changes the activity of her glands and so the chemistry her blood. Any chemical change in the mothers blood will affect the child for better or worse. But we can not see how a looking for mathematics or poetic genius can be dissolved in blood and produce a similar liking or genius in the child. In our discussion of instincts we saw that there was reason to believe that whatever we inherit must be of some very simple sort rather than any complicated or very definite kind of behavior. It is certain that no one inherits a knowledge of mathematics. It may be， however， that children inherit more or less of a rather general ability that we may call intelligence. If very intelligent children become deeply interested in mathematics， they will probably make a success of that study. As for musical ability， it may be that what is inherited is an especially sensitive ear， a peculiar structure of the hands or the vocal organs connections between nerves and muscles that make it comparatively easy to learn the movements a musician must execute， and particularly vigorous emotions. If these factors are all organized around music， the child may become a musician. The same factors， in other circumstance might be organized about some other center of interest. The rich emotional equipment might find expression in poetry. The capable fingers might develop skill in surgery. It is not the knowledge of music that is inherited， then nor even the love of it， but a certain bodily structure that makes it comparatively easy to acquire musical knowledge and skill. Whether that ability shall be directed toward music or some other undertaking may be decided entirely by forces in the environment in which a child grows up. 1. Which of the following statements is not true？ A. Some mothers try to influence their unborn children by studying art and other subjects during their pregnancy. B. It is utterly impossible for us to learn anything about prenatal development. C. The blood vessels of mother and child do not join directly. D. There are no connection between mothers nervous systems and her unborn childs. 2. A mother will affect her unborn baby on the condition that _. A. she is emotionally shocked B. she has a good knowledge of inheritance C. she takes part in all kind of activities D. she sticks to studying 3. According to the passage， a child may inherit_. A. everything from his mother B. a knowledge of mathematics C. a rather general ability that we call intelligence D. her mothers musical ability 4. If a child inherits something from his mother， such as an especially sensitive ear， a peculiar structure of the hands or of the vocal organs， he will _. A. surely become musician B. mostly become a poet C. possibly become a teacher D. become a musician on the condition that all these factors are organized around music 5. Which of the following is the best title for the passage？ A. Role of Inheritance. B. An Unborn Child. C. Function of instincts. D. Inherited Talents.第十二篇答案：BACDA第十三篇： The case for college has been accepted without question for more than a generation. All high school graduates ought to go， says conventional wisdom and statistical evidence， because college will help them earn more money， become “better” people， and learn to be more responsible citizens than those who dont go. But college has never been able to work its magic for everyone. And now that close to half our high school graduates are attending， those who dont fit the pattern are becoming more numerous， and more obvious. College graduates are selling shoes and driving taxis； college students interfere with each others experiments and write false letters of recommendation in the intense competition for admission to graduate school. Other find no stimulation in their studies， and drop outoften encouraged by college administrators. Some observers say the fault is with the young people themselvesthey are spoiled and they are expecting too much. But that is a condemnation of the students as a whole， and doesnt explain all campus unhappiness. Others blame the state of the world， and they are partly right. We have been told that young people have to go to college because our economy cant absorb an army of untrained eighteen-year-olds. But disappointed graduates are learning that it can no longer absorb an army of trained twenty-two-year-olds， either. Some adventuresome educators and watchers have openly begun to suggest that college may not be the best， the proper， the only place for every young person after the completion of high school. We may have been looking at all those surveys and statistics upside down， it seems， and through the rosy glow of our own remembered college experiences. Perhaps college doesnt make people intelligent， ambitious， happy， liberal， or quick to learn thingsmay it is just the other way around， and intelligent， ambitious， happy， liberal， quick-learning people are merely the ones who have been attracted to college in the first place. And perhaps all those successful college graduates would have been successful whether they had gone to college or not. This is heresy to those of us who have been brought up to believe that if a little schooling is good， more has to be much better. But contrary evidence is beginning to mount up. 1.According to the author， _. A.people used to question the value of college education. B.people used to have full confidence in higher education. C.all high school graduates went to college. D.very few high school graduates chose to go to college. 2.In the 2nd paragraph， “those who dont fit the pattern” refer to_. A.high school graduates who arent suitable for college education. B.college graduates who are selling shoes and driving taxis. C.college students who arent any better for their higher education. D.high school graduates who failed to be admitted to college. 3.The dropout rate of college students seems to go up because_. A.young people are disappointed with the conventional way of teaching at college. B.many people are required to join the army. C.young people have little motivation in pursuing a higher education. D.young people dont like the intense competition for admission to graduate school. 4.According to the passage， the problems of college education partly originate in the fact that_. A.society cannot provide enough jobs for properly trained graduates. B.High school graduates do not fit the pattern of college education. C.Too many students have to earn their own living. D.College administrators encourage students to drop out. 5.In this passage the author argues that_. A.more and more evidence shows college education may not be the best thing for high school graduates. B.College education is not enough if one wants to be successful. C.College education benefits only the intelligent， ambitious， and quick-learning people. D.Intelligent people may learn quicker if they dont go to college.第十三篇答案：BCCAA第十四篇： A controversy erupted in the scientific community in early 1998 over the use of DNA （deoxyribonucleic acid ） fingerprinting in criminal investigations. DNA fingerprinting was introduced in 1987 as a method to identify individuals based on a pattern seen in their DNA， the molecule of which genes are made. DNA is present in every cell of the body except red blood cells. DNA fingerprinting has been used successfully in various ways， such as to determine paternity where it is not clear who the father of a particular child is. However， it is in the area of criminal investigations that DNA fingerprinting has potentially powerful and controversial uses. DNA fingerprinting and other DNA analysis techniques have revolutionized criminal investigations by giving investigators powerful new tools in the attempt to trove guilt， not just establish innocence. When used in criminal investigations， a DNA fingerprint pattern from a suspect is compared with a DNA fingerprint pattern obtained from such material as hairs or blood found at the scene of a crime. A match between the two DNA samples can be used as evidence to convict a suspect. The controversy in 1998 stemmed form a report published in December 1991 by population geneticists Richard C. Lewontin of Harvard University in Cambridge， Mass.， and Daniel L. Hartl called into question the methods to calculate how likely it is that a match between two DNA fingerprints might occur by chance alone. In particular， they argued that the current method cannot properly determine the likelihood that two DNA samples will match because they came from the same individual rather than simply from two different individuals who are members of the same ethnic group. Lewontin and Hartl called for better surveys of DNA patterns methods are adequate. In response to their criticisms， population geneticists Ranajit Chakraborty of the University of Texas in Dallas and Kenneth K.Kidd of Yale University in New Haven， Conn.， argued that enough data are already available to show that the methods currently being used are adequate. In January 1998， however， the federal Bureau of Investigation and laboratories that conduct DNA tests announced that they would collect additional DNA samples form various ethnic groups in an attempt to resolve some of these questions. And， in April， a National Academy of Sciences called for strict standards and system of accreditation for DNA testing laboratories. 1.Before DNA fingerprinting is used， suspects_. A.would have to leave their fingerprints for further investigations B.would have to submit evidence for their innocence C.could easily escape conviction of guilt D.cold be convicted of guilt as well 2.DNA fingerprinting can be unreliable when _. A.the methods used for blood- cell calculation are not accurate B.two different individuals of the same ethnic group may have the same DNA fingerprinting pattern C.a match is by chance left with fingerprints that happen to belong to two different individuals D.two different individuals leave two DNA samples. 3.To geneticists like Lewontin and Hartl， the current method _. A.is not so convincing as to exclude the likelihood that two DNA samples can never come from two individuals B.is arguable because two individuals of the same ethnic group are likely to have the same DNA pattern. C.Is not based on adequate scientific theory of genetics D.Is theoretically contradictory to what they have been studying 4.The attitude of the Federal Bereau of Investigation shows that _. A.enough data are yet to be collected form various ethnic groups to confirm the unlikelihood of two DNA samples coming from two individual members B.enough data of DNA samples should be collected to confirm that only DNA samples form the same person can match C.enough data are yet to be collected from various ethnic groups to determine the likelihood of two different DNA samples coming form the same person D.additional samples from various ethnic groups should be collected to determine that two DNA samples are unlikely to come from the same person 5.National Academy of Sciences holds the stance that _. A.DNA testing should be systematized B.Only authorized laboratories can conduct DNA testing C.The academy only is authorized to work out standards for testing D.The academy has the right to accredit laboratories for DNA testing第十四篇答案：CBABB第十五篇： Racket， din clamor， noise， whatever you want to call it， unwanted sound is Americas most widespread nuisance. But noise is more than just a nuisance. It constitutes a real and present danger to peoples health. Day and night， at home， at work， and at play， noise can produce serious physical and psychological stress. No one is immune to this stress. Though we seem to adjust to noise by ignoring it， the ear， in fact， never closes and the body still respondssometimes with extreme tension， as to a strange sound in the night. The annoyance we feel when faced with noise is the most common outward symptom of the stress building up inside us. Indeed， because irritability is so apparent， legislators have made public annoyance the basis of many noise abatement programs. The more subtle and more serious health hazards associated with stress caused by noise traditionally have been given much less attention. Nevertheless， when we are annoyed or made irritable by noise， we should consider these symptoms fair warning that other thing may be happening to us， some of which may be damaging to our health. Of many health hazards to noise， hearing loss is the most clearly observable and measurable by health professionals. The other hazards are harder to pin down. For many of us， there may be a risk that exposure to the stress of noise increases susceptibility to disease and infection. The more susceptible among us may experience noise as a complicating factor in heart problems and other diseases. Noise that causes annoyance and irritability in health persons may have serious consequences for these already ill in mind or body. Noise affects us throughout our lives. For example， there are indications of effects on the unborn child when mothers are exposed to industrial and environmental noise. During infancy and childhood， youngsters exposed to high noise levels may have trouble falling asleep and obtaining necessary amounts of rest. Why， then， is there not greater alarm about these dangers？ Perhaps it is because the link between noise and many disabilities or diseases has not yet been conclusively demonstrated. Perhaps it is because we tend to dismiss annoyance as a price to pay for living in the modern world. It may also be because we still think of hearing loss as only an occupational hazard. 1.In Paragraph 1， the phrase “immune to” are used to mean _. A.unaffected by B.hurt by C.unlikely to be seen by D.unknown by 2.The authors attitude toward noise would best be described as _. A.unrealistic B.traditional C.concerned D.hysterical 3.Which of the following best states the main idea of the passage？ A.Noise is a major problem； most people recognize its importance. B.Although noise can be annoying， it is not a major problem. C.Noise is a major problem and has not yet been recognized as such. D.Noise is a major problem about which nothing can be done. 4.The author condemns noise essentially because it _. A.is against the law B.can make some people irritable C.is a nuisance D.in a ganger to peoples health 5.The author would probably consider research about the effects noise has on people to be _. A.unimportant B.impossible. C.a waste of money D.essential 第十五篇答案：ACCDD