六年级英语名词变为形容词的方法.doc

名词变为形容词的方法 1. 在名词后面加-y可以变成形容词(尤其是一些与天气有关的名词)。例如：rainrainy, cloudcloudy, windwindy, snowsnowy, healthhealthy, lucklucky等。 注意：1)如果名词以重读闭音节结尾，且词尾只有一个辅音字母，这时应双写词尾的辅音字母再加-y。如：sunsunny, funfunny等。 2)少数以不发音的e结尾的名词变为形容词时，应去掉e再加-y。例如：noisenoisy, iceicy 等。 2. 一些抽象名词在词尾加-ful可以变为形容词。例如：carecareful, thankthankful, helphelpful, useuseful, beautybeautiful等。 3. 一些表示国家的名词可以在词尾加-ese, -ish或-n构成表示国籍、语言的形容词。例如：ChinaChinese, JapanJapanese, EnglandEnglish, AmericaAmerican, IndiaIndian, Australia Australian(注意CanadaCanadian)。 4.在名词后加-ous变为形容词。例如：dangerdangerous等。 5. 在名词后加-ly变为形容词。例如：friendfriendly, lovelovely等。 6.在名词后加-less构成含有否定意义的形容词。例如：carecareless(粗心的)，useuseless(无用的)，hopehopeless(没希望的)，homehomeless(无家可归的)等。 7. 一些以-ence结尾的名词，把ence改为ent变成形容词。例如：differencedifferent, silencesilent等。 二、动词变为名词的方法 1.词形不变，词性改变。例如：work, study, water, plant等可以用作动词，也可以用作名词。 2. 一些动词在词尾加上-er或-or之后就变成了表示“某一类人”的名词。例如：workworker, teachteacher, singsinger, jumpjumper, playplayer, learnlearner, visitvisitor, inventinventor等。 注意：1)以不发音的e结尾的动词，在词尾加-r。例如：drivedriver, writewriter等。 2)以重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-er。例如：runrunner, winwinner， beginbeginner等。 3. 在动词词尾加-ing变成名词(方法与动词变为现在分词的方法相同)。例如： meetmeeting, buildbuilding, waitwaiting, washwashing, swimswimming, shopshopping, beginbeginning等。 三、形容词变为副词的方法 一般在形容词的词尾加-ly可以变成副词。例如：quickquickly, slowslowly, loudloudly, suddensuddenly 等。但是，以下几点值得注意： 1. 一些以“辅音字母+y”结尾的形容词，要把y改为i再加-ly。例如：happyhappily, angryangrily, luckyluckily, heavyheavily, noisynoisily 等。 2. 有些以-ble或-le结尾的形容词，去掉e加-y。例如：possiblepossibly, terribleterribly等。 3. 少数以e结尾的形容词，要去掉e再加-ly。例如：truetruly等。但绝大多数以e结尾的形容词仍然直接加-ly。例如：politepolitely, widewidely等。 4. 以-l结尾的形容词变为副词时仍然要在词尾加-ly，而不是只加-y。除非是以-ll结尾的才在词尾只加-y。例如：usualusually, carefulcarefully, usefulusefully, fullfully等。动词变名词小结1.在词尾加er,r ,双写加er 或or:A. play _ player, sing _ singer, wait _ waiter , find _ finder,thrill _ thrillerB. write _ writer, drive _ driver, come _ comer, explore _ explorerdance _ dancerC. run _ runner, win _ winner, rob _ robber, traval _ travallerD. visit _ visitor, invent _ inventor2. 在词尾加ing:build _ building, draw _ drawing, end _ ending, begin _ beginning,swim _ swimming， skate _ skating, feel _ feeling, say _ saying,mean _ meaning, cross _ crossing， surf _ surfing, paint _ painting3.在词尾加ion 或去e加ion:A. decide _ decision, describe _ description, produce _ production,celebrate _ celebration,pronounce _ pronunciation, decorate _ decorationgraduate _ graduation,frustrate - frustration,pollute _ pollutioncontribute _ contribution, congratulate _ congratulation,educate _ education，organize _ orgnization,donate _ donation,appreciate _ appreciation，operate _ operation, invite _ invitationB. discuss _ discussion, invent _ invention, attract _ attractionimpress _ impression,inject _ injection,instruct _ instruction4.其它：know _ knowledge, please _ pleasure, enjoy _ enjoyment,practise _ practice， die _ death, succeed _ success, weigh _ weight,sit _ deat, change _ chance，enter _ entrance,fly _ flight,rob _ robbery, discover _ discovery，faile _ failure,appear _ appearance,breathe _ breath 动词变形容词小结1.词尾加ful:use - useful, care - careful, help - helpful,thank - thankfulpeace - peaceful, forget - forgetful, play - playful,succeed - successful, wonder - wonderful2.词尾加d或ed:please - pleased, unite - united, excite - excited,surprise - surprised, organize - organized, close - closed,wound - wounded, relax - relaxed,develop - developed,appreciate - appreciated,frustrate - frustrated,interest - interested, annoy - annoyed, use - used,frighten - frightened, crowd - crowded, thrill - thrilled,pollute - polluted3.词尾加ing:interest - interesting, surprise - surprising, excite - excitingdevelop - developing, frighten - frightening,thrill - thyrillingfrustrate - frustrating, relax _ relaxing, live - livingrock - rocking, sleep - sleeping4.词尾变y为i,加ed:worry - worried, marry - married,fry - fried, terrify - terrifiedsatisfy - satisfied5.词尾加able:know - knowledgeable, enjoy - enjoyabe,suit - suitableadjust - adjustable, comfort - comfortable6.其它：lose - lost, fool - foolish, live - lively / alive /living,sleep - sleepy / sleeping / asleep,wake - awake, taste - tastyspeak - spoken, break - broken, die - dead, educate - aducational,world - worldwide To 后跟动名词，不跟动词原形的情况。用法归纳 由于to既可用作介词，也可用作不定式符号，所以许多人在其后接动词时，弄不清到底该用动词原形，还是用动名词。介词to后接动名词的常考结构27个，并根据其结构特点，分为以下四类： 一、动词+介词to+动名词1. admit to doing sth 承认做了某事 2. apply to doing sth 适用于做某事3. object to doing sth 反对做某事4. see to doing sth 负责做某事 5. stick to doing sth 坚持做某事6. take to doing sth 喜欢上做某事，逐渐习惯做某事应用实例：He admitted having stolen the money. 他承认偷了钱。These methods apply to learning English. 这些方法适用于英语学习。He objected to being treated like a child. 他反对被当作小孩子看待。Reporters should stick to investigating the facts. 记者应坚持调查事实。Soon he took to sleeping late. 不久他就养成了睡懒觉的习惯。 二、动词+宾语+介词to+动名词专心致力于做某事把献给做某事9. devote oneself to doing sth 献身于做某事10. limit sth to doing sth 把限制在做某事的范围内 11. reduce sb to doing sth 使某人沦为做某事12. give ones life to doing sth 献身于做某事13. give ones mind to doing sth 专心做某事14. have a dislike to doing sth 厌恶做某事15. have an eye to doing sth 注意做某事15. have an eye to doing sth 16. have an objection to doing sth 反对(反感)做某事17. pay attention to doing sth 注意做某事 18. set ones mind to doing sth 决心做某事应用实例：She applied herself to learning English. 她专心学习英语。Hunger reduced them to stealing. 饥饿使他们沦落为盗贼。She devoted herself to helping the poor. 她致力于帮助穷人。I have a strong dislike to playing cards for money. 我极讨厌打牌赌博。He has a strong objection to getting up so early.他很反感这么早就起床。 你应该更注意团结那些自己意见不同的人一道工作。 三、be+形容词(含过去分词)+介词to+动名词19. be equal to doing sth 等于做某事，能胜任做某事 20. be used to doing sth 习惯于做某事so-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-hansi-f 21. be opposed to doing sth 反对做某事22. be reduced to doing sth使某人沦为做某事23. be devoted to doing sth 把时间(钱，精力等)献给做某事24. be limited to doing sth把限制在做某事的范围内应用实例：This is equal to saying that hes a cheat. 这就等于说他是个骗子。She is used to living in the country. 她习惯于住在乡下。Im opposed to telling him the news at once. 我反对马上告诉他这消息。This dictionary is devoted to explaining word usage. 这本词典是解释词的用法的。四、其他结构+介词to+动名词 25. get down to doing sth开始做某事，认真处理某事26. look forward to doing sth 盼望做某事27. What do you say to doing sth? 你认为做某事如何？应用实例：We are looking forward to receiving his letter. 我们盼望收到他的回信。