小升初高频考点之现在进行时.doc

小升初英语：高频考点之现在进行时一.考点知识精讲考点一、现在进行时的定义定义内容:现在进行时表示说话时正在进行或发生的动作,也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作结构特征：助动词 be ( am / is / are ) +动词的现在分词.考点二：动词现在分词的构成：(口诀：“直去双改”）1.大多数动词后可在动词后直接加-ing 如: carry-carrying,catch-catching,drink-drinking, enjoy-enjoying hurry-hurrying ,do-doing , read-reading , think-thinking2. 以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，则先去e，再加ing.如：come-coming , have-having , make-making,ride-riding,write-writing,take-taking,use-using3.以重读闭音节结尾的动词，如果末尾只有一个辅音字母的，应双写该辅音字母再加ing, 如： hit-hitting,let-letting, put-putting,run-running,sit-sitting4. 以 -ic 结尾的动词,应先把 -ic 改为 -ick,再加 -ing,如：panic/panicking,picnic/picnicking,但lie/lying ,die/dying,tie/tying是特殊变化要记住（这一条，小学阶段仅作了解，不要求掌握）考点三：句型结构及句式转换：1.现在进行时的肯定形式、否定形式、疑问形式及其回答,所有变化都体现在助动词 be ( is / am / are ) 上1)现在进行时的肯定形式：主语+be(am/ is/are)+doing+其他成分I am singing . They are writing .2)现在进行时的否定形式:主语+be(am/ is/are)+not +doing+其他成分I am not singing . They arent writing .3）一般疑问句及回答：be(am/ is/are)+ 主语+doing+其他成分Am I singing ? Yes ,you are . / No ,you arent .Are they writing ? Yes ,they are . / No ,they arent .4)特殊疑问句及回答:特殊疑问词+be(am/ is/are)+主语+doing+其他成分What are you doing ? We are playing (要求就提问内容具体回答).2.句式转换：将肯定句变为否定句或一般疑问句变否定：在be动词后面加not,如：I am singing . They are writing . I am not singing . They arent writing .变一般疑问句:遵循“一提二变三问号”I am singing . They are writing .Am I singing ? Are they writing ? 考点四：现在进行时中be动词的选用及缩写:1.be动词的用法:口诀:Be动词有am,is,are 我(I)用am 你(you)用are is连着他(he)她(she)它(it)，单数名词用is 复数名词都用are。2.缩写形式：I am-Im You are-Youre He is-Hes She is-Shes It is-Its We are-Were They are-Theyre考点五：现在进行时的应用：1.表示现在( 指说话人说话时) 正在发生的事情往往与 now,at the moment,just 等副词连用,以示强调例如：（1）We are waiting for you.（附加汉语意思）（2）What are you doing? （3）Someones knocking at the door2.正在进行着的动作可视为未完成的动作：例如：Hes talking to his friends in the classroom.可用 still 一词强调动作的持续性。例如：Hes still talking to his friends in the classroom.3. 表示长期的或重复性的动作,说话时动作未必正在进行例如：（1）Mr. Black is writing another article. （2）Dont take that book away. Your fathers using it. （3）She is learning piano under Mr. Black.4.现在进行时可用来表示不会长期发生的动作或情况,或被认为在短期内正在进行的动作或存在的情况：例如：（1）Whats your brother doing these days?（2）Hes studying English at Oxford University.5.现在进行时也可以用来表示当前的动向：例如：People are becoming more and more beautiful these days.6. 表示渐变的动词有：become,turn,get,grow,run,go,begin等例如：（1）The leaves are turning brown. （2）Its getting colder and colder.7.与always,constantly,forever 等词连用,表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态,往往带有说话人的主观色彩例如：You are always changing your mind.8. 现在进行时(以及 be going to）可以表示为将来安排好的活动和事件 例如：Were spending next winter in China. 用arrive,come,go,leave 等动词的现在进行时描写行程安排,也通常有“将到达”和“将离去”的意思。例如： Hes arriving tomorrow morning.9.当现在进行时表示某事发生的次数过多时,则有时含有抱怨,讨厌,赞扬等的意思：例如：He is always singing at night,and we cant fall asleep late at night. 补充说明（小学阶段只做了解）: 不是所有动词都能用现在进行时态的,如：see、like、want、know 等动词往往都不用进行时态考点六：现在进行时与其它时态的区别（1）、一般现在时： 概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。 时间状语：often，usually，always，sometimes，every week（day，year，month），once a week，on Sundays，etc 基本结构：be动词；行为动词 否定形式： am is are not；此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加dont，如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesnt，同时还原行为动词。 一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首；用助动词 do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。 （2）、一般过去时： 概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。 时间状语：ago，yesterday，the day before yesterday，last week（year，night，month），in 1989，just now， etc 基本结构：be动词；行为动词 否定形式： waswere not；在行为动词前加didnt，同时还原行为动词。 一般疑问句：was或were放在句首；用助动词do的过去式did提问，同时还原行为动词。 (3)、现在进行时： 概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。 时间状语：now，at this time，these days，etc 基本结构：amisare doing 否定形式：amisare notdoing 一般疑问句：把be动词放在句首 （建议删减）(4)、一般将来时： 概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。 时间状语：tomorrow，next day（week，month，year），soon，in a few minutes，by，the day after tomorrow，etc 基本结构：amisaregoing to do；willshalldo 否定形式：amisare notgoing to do； willshallnotdo 一般疑问句：be放于句首； willshall提到句首 备注：我们通常根据时间状语来判定句子的时态，如果没有明显的时间状语，则根据进院子的意思来分析该用什么时态。注意不要看到Ving就觉得是进行时态，好多同学容易把将来时态当中going当成进行时态中的Ving，那是不对的。尤其注意区分进行时态和将来时态的基本结构。（蓝色字标注的相似结构）二.小升初典型例题精析1.2011年市某实验中学/天津某重点中学招生及分班试题Mary, water the flowers (改为现在进行时) 解析:本题考查现在进行时的构成和be动词的用法。解答此题时必须牢记现在进行时的句型构成：助动词 be ( am / is / are ) +动词的现在分词及be动词的口诀（Be动词有am,is,are 我(I)用am 你(you)用are is连着他(he)她(she)它(it)，单数名词用is 复数名词都用are。）答案：Mary is watering the flowers.2. 2011年重庆某外国语中学-What is Mary doing?-She _ a panda.A.draws B. is drawing C. drawing 解析：本题考查现在进行时的构成及用法。问句用现在进行时问，答语要用现在进行时答，先排除A答案，再根据现在进行时的句型构成排除C答案。答案：B3. 2011年广东省某中学招生考试题-Whats he doing?-He is _ .A.swiming B. swimming C.swim解析：本题考查现在分词的构成。Swim是以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词，应双写最后一个辅音字母，再加ing。答案：B4. -What is Jenny doing?-She .A.swings B.is going to swin C.is swinging解析：本题考查现在进行时态与其它时态的区别。根据现在进行时的构成：助动词 be ( am / is / are ) +动词的现在分词。答案：C5. 2012年辽宁省大连市某师大附中Nancy is a dance class now. She Chinese dances every Friday afternoon.A. having,learn B. having:learns C.has,learning D.have;learn解析：本题仍然考查现在进行时态与其它时态的区别。根据第一句中有时间状语now，判定第一空应该是用现在进行时，排除C.D两个答案。根据第二句中时间状语every Friday afternoon，知道应该用一般现在时，主语是单三人称she,谓语动词改用单三形式。答案;B6. 2012天津某大学附中The girl is singing in the room.(改为一般疑问句) the girl in her room?解析：根据含有be动词的句型转换口诀：一提二变三问号解答出此题。答案：Is, singing三.(举一反三)考点精炼（一）.用现在进行时完成下列句子:1. _you_(fly) a kite? Yes,_.2. _you_(sit) in the boat?3. _he_(talk) with me?4. We_(play) football now.5. What_you_(do)?6. I_(sing) an English song.7. What_he_(mend)?8. He_(mend) a car.9. These boys _ (play) tennis on the playground.10. My mother_ (cook) in the kitchen.11. We cant help you,because we _ (have )classes.12. _ the boy _ (write) his homework?13. Look! These butterflies _ (fly) in the sky.14. Listen! The girl _ (sing) in the next room.15. The naughty boy _ (swim) in the river.（二）.选择1. Look. Lucy is_ a new bike today.A. jumping B. running C. riding D takeing2. The children _ football.A. is playing B. are playing C. play the D. play a3. They _TV in the evening. They do their homework.A. are watching B. cant watching C. dont watch D. dont watching4. Listen! She_ in the classroom.A. is singingB. sing C .to sing D. is sing5. _are you eating? Im eating _ meat.A. What,some B. Which,any C. Where,not D. What,a6. Is she _ something?A. eat B. eating C. eatting D. eats7.Dont make any noise while the students_ to the class. A. are listening B. listened C. have listened D. had listened8. Jack and Ketty_ in the lake. Lets join them,shall we? A. swim B. have swum C. swamD. are swimming9. Look! The children_ basketball on the playground.A. plays B. played C. is playing D. are playing10. The kite_ high in the sky now. It looks like a big bird.A. has flown B. is flying C. was flying D. flew（三）、句型转换： 1. They are doing housework .(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句) _ _ 2The students are cleaning the classroom . ( 改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答) _ _ _ 答案：（一）1. Are ,flying,I am 2. Are sitting,3.Is,talking 4. are plying 5. are,doing 6.am singing 7. is,mending 8. is mending 9.are plying10.is cooking 11. are having 12. Is ,writing 13. are flying14.is singing,15. is swimming(二)1.C 2.B 3.C 4.A 5.A 6.B 7.A 8.D 9.D 10.B(三) 1.Are they doing housework?No,they arent.2.Are the students cleaning the classroom? Yes,they are./No, they arent.（复查答案） 优胜路英语组：马明明