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第一单元知识点归纳(1)不定代词some, something, someone, somebody, somewhere ; any, anything, anyone, anybody, anywhere; nothing, no one, nobody, nowhere, none; everything, everyone, everybody, everywhere 的用法.some一般用于肯定句中，any多用于否定句、疑问句或条件句中。两者都可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词。There is _ water in the cup.Do you have _ friends in Shanghai?If you have _help, let me know.在疑问句中有时也用some，表示希望得到肯定的回答或表示请求、建议、命令等含义。Would you like _ more tea ? Could you lend me _ money ? something, someone, somebody, somewhere的用法同some,多用于肯定句中；anything, anyone, anybody, anywhere的用法同any, 多用于否定句，疑问句和条件句中。 nothing, 无，没有, 相当于 “not anything ”。There was _left for me. Because I went home late.everything “一切，每件事”Everything _ready, we can go now. 不定代词指未确指的事物，不定代词做主语，谓语动词用单数；当有形容词或不定式修饰不定代词时，形容词或不定式要放在不定代词的后面。Everyone _in the classroom.Everything _ (taste) really good.Would you like _ (something , to eat)?There is _ ( nothing, new ) in todays newspaper.Did you go _(anywhere interesting) last summer？(2)seem，taste, look, smell, feel, sound等特殊系动词的用法,后跟形容词作表语。He seemed unhappy. =He seemed _(to be) unhappy. = It seemed that _unhappy.Everything tastes really _(good)!The clothes look _ (good)and sell well.The idea sounds _(good).Your hand feels _ (cold).The food smells _(delicious).（3）反身代词myself我自己，yourself你自己，你们自己，ourselves我们自己；himself他自己, herself她自己，itself它自己，themselves他们/她们/它们自己.在句中作宾语。Jane is too young to look after _(她自己).by + 反身代词短语。We must finish it all by _（我们自己）.（4）bored， boring , exciting， excited,英语动词形容词的两种形式，一种是过去分词作形容词，一种是现在分词型作形容词。 一般来说，过去分词的形容词，多形容人的情绪或感受，主语多为人，体现了的主观感受。现在分词的形容词，多形容客观事物的属性，主语多为物。 Were _to hear the _news.( exciting, excited)类似这样的动词，还有：interest，surprise，tire, encourage等等。 (5)decide动词，决定，决心，后跟动词不定式，decide to do sth .决心做某事 Decision名词，决定，决心，构成短语make a decision to do sth.决心做某事 I decided _ (go) to Beijing on vacation. (6)feel like 感觉，想要，后面通常跟名词，代词，动名词或that从句。Feel like doing sth 想要做某事 dont/doesnt/didnt like doing sth不想做某事 Jenny feels like _(go)fishing with her mother. I dont feel like _(eat) anything.(7)wonder名词“奇迹”，动词“想知道，琢磨”The Great Wall is one of the seven wonders in the world.I wonder if I can help you.The little boy wondered what happened there.(8)enough用作形容词，意为“足够的”“充分的”，修饰名词；也作副词，修饰形容词和副词，放在其后。I havent _(enough ,time) for reading.The boy is _(old, enough) to go to school.(9)enjoy 喜欢 喜爱 ，近义词 like, love, 用法相近；反义词dislike,用法相近。Enjoy /like/ love doing sth 喜欢做某事Enjoy oneself /have fun/have a good time 玩得开心I enjoy _(play)the violin.They enjoyed _(他们自己)at the party.(10)My classmates told me to keep going, so I went on. Tell sb (not ) to do sth 告诉某事做某事，告诉某人不要做某事 Mother told me_（study） hard.keep doing sth “保持做某事”Dont keep the boy _(stand )in class.(11) Sothat 如此以致. It was so beautiful that we forgot about the last five hours. He was _ sad that he couldnt say a word.（12）because后跟从句 ，because of 名词，代词等作宾语。The meeting was put off _ the rain. We have to stay at home _ its raining outside.（13）What a difference a day makes! 感叹句What a/an +形容词+名次单数+主谓!What +（形容词）+可数名词复数/不可数名词+主谓！How +形容词/副词+主谓！_ tall the boy is!_an interesting story it is!（14） few, a few; little, a littleA few /few 后接可数名词复数，a few 肯定含义“一些”；few 否定含义“几乎没有”A little/little 后接不可数名词，a little 肯定含义“一点儿”； little 否定含义“几乎没有”1.Sam has_ storybooks. You can ask him.2. Theres _ water left in my bottle . Can you give me some?3. Mary often comes to school _ later.4. He has _ friends. He seems to be lonely.第二单元知识点归纳 一词汇详解1. hardly用法否定副词，意为“几乎不，几乎没有”。用在情态动词，助动词或系动词之后，实意动词前。【举例】The old man can hardly walk.拓展hard, 副词，努力地，猛烈地。举例Tough it is raining hard, the workers are still working.应用选词填空。（hard, hardly）The teacher ask the students to study_.2. ever 【用法】副词，意为“从来，曾经”【举例】He isnt _ late for class.拓展ever 可以和疑问词连用，意为“无论”,如however, whatever, whoever, whenever。【应用】_ you do, Ill be with you.3. hardly ever用法副词词组，意为“几乎从不”，表示频率。相当于“almost not”举例 He hardly ever eats meat.拓展其他的模糊频度副词有always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never。发生频率排序：always(总是) ususually(通常)often(经常)sometimes(有时)seldom（很少)hardly ever (几乎从不)never(从不)其他精确的频度副词有once, twice, three times, four times, five times, six times等。应用对画线部分提问。I hardly ever eats meat._ _ do you see the movies?4. once 用法副词，意为“一次；曾经”【举例】I exercise once a day. Once I met a friend of mine in Beijing.应用翻译句子。我每个月去一次公园。5. junk用法名词，意为“废物，垃圾，质量低劣的东西”junk food“垃圾食品”【举例】There is a junk market near my home.【应用】根据已给首字母完成句子。She picked up the j_ and threw it into the dustbin.6. health用法名词“健康”，通常指人的身体（或精神）状态。【举例】Health is very important to us.拓展形容词是：healthy; 副词是healthy, 词组keep healthy “保持健康”.【应用】 We should eat _ (health).6. percent用法名词，意为“百分之” percent 没有复数,以它所修饰的名词来判断谓语的单复数.举例Twenty percent of the students agree with you.百分之二十的学生赞同你 Thirty percent of time passes.百分之三十的时间过去了。应用根据所给单次完成句子.Twenty percent of the students _(be) girl.7. although用法用作连词，意为“即使，尽管，虽然”，引导让步状语从句。不能与but连用，可以与still连用。【举例】Although he was ill, he still went to work 拓展 可以与“though”互换应用根据所给首字母提示完成句子。A_ he studied hard , he gets bad grades.8. through用法用作介词，意为“通过，穿过”举例The children walked through the forest . He became rich through hard work.拓展through表示在内部穿过 ，across指在表面穿过。举例Go across the road , and the bookstore is on your right.应用根据首字母提示完成句子On the way home , the driver drove t_ many towns.9. almost用法用作副词，“几乎，险些”【举例】He slipped and almost fell. 他脚下一滑，险些跌倒。 It is almost impossible.【拓展】与nearly 同义10. full用法形容词，意为“满的”【举例】The bottle is full.【拓展】构成词组：be full of, 意为“充满的”，相当于be filled with。还可以表示“饱的”【举例】-Do you want another cake? -No, thanks. Im full.11. Swing用法名词，意为“摇摆；摆动；秋千”；动词，意为“摆动，摇摆”。【举例】Those children like playing with the swing.When they saw us , they swung to us.拓展swing 的过去式是swung。应用根据所给汉语完成句子。The_ (摇摆)of the ship made many people seasick.12. maybe用法副词，意为“大概；或许；可能”，可以放在句首，句中，句末，位置比较随意。【举例】Maybe you are wrong. 拓展注意与may be 的区别；may be中的may 是情态动词，表示可能。 【举例】You may be wrong.应用翻译句子。或许他知道答案。_13. least用法least是形容词little的最高级形式，基本意思是“最小的；最少的”.拓展at least，意为“至少，不少于”，反义词组是at most“至多,不多于”举例We should brush our teeth at least twice a day.应用根据所给单词完成句子。Who has the_(little) money, Tim, John or Mary?二语句详解 1. -How often do you watch TV? - I watch TV every day.用法how often 询问动作的频率，意为“多久一次” 举例How often do you drink milk?拓展当句中有表示动作发生频率的词语时，如always ,usually, often, sometimes, once, twice, three times, every day等，用how often 提问。【应用】对画线部分提问My brother uses the internet every day. _ _ does your brother use the internet?2. Whats your favourite program?用法favourite / favorite ,意为“最喜欢的”,可以用最高级形式likebest来改写【举例】My favorite food is ice-cream 同义句为 I like ice-cream best.应用What sport do you like best?(同义句转换)_ _ ?3. I have to play tennis with my friends.用法have to 侧重于客观需要，意为“不得不”，有多种时态变化，否定形式为dont have to =neednt,意为“不必要”。【举例】I know the girl , so you dont have to tell me her name.拓展 与must 的区别：Must侧重于主观看法，认为有必要或有义务去做某事，其否定形式是mustnt ,意为“不允许，禁止”举例We must help people in trouble.应用 选择填空 -Would you like to go shopping with me? -Id love to ,but Im afraid I cant .I _wash my clothes.A. can B. may C. must D. have to 4. They often help with housework.用法help (sb) with sth。“帮某人做某事”举例 I often help my mother with dinner.拓展help sb (to) do sth. “帮助某人做某事”。可以跟不带to的动词不定式。 Help oneself to “随便.”举例 Do you ever help the old man carry water? Help yourself to some fish ,Gina.应用根据所给单词完成句子。Help _(yourself) to some chicken, children.5. But my mother wants me to drink it.用法本句的句式为：want sb to do sth.“想要某人做某事”，即want后面跟动词不定式，也可以直接跟名词。【举例】-What do you want? -I want some apples.拓展 want相当于 would like。但是 would like没有人称和数的变化，want有人称，数和时态的变化。 举例He would like to go to the movie tomorrow .【应用】改写下列句子。Would your mother like to go shopping?(同义句转换)_6. She says its good for health.用法此句为一个复合句，主句为” she says” ,后面的部分是宾语从句，既说话的内容。 be good for sb /sth “ 【举例】Exercise is good for your body.【拓展】be bad for“对有害”， be good at “擅长.” be good with “对.友好”【应用】选词填空_is good for us to eat fruit and vegetables.A. This B. That C. It D. Which7. Last month we asked our students about their free time activities.用法本句中含有一个句式的用法：ask sb about sth.“询问某人有关某事”举例Linda asked me about life there.【应用】翻译句子玛丽问我的学习情况.8. It is good to relax by using the internet or watching game shows.用法it 作形式主语，无实义；真正的主语是动词不定式。 by 是介词，后面跟动名词作宾语。“its +adj+for/of sb to do sth ”结构也是常见的考查内容 。当其中的形容词是描述人的性格特征时，用介词of ,否则用”for”举例 It is kind of you to help me. It is important for us to learn English well.应用选择填空_ is out duty to clean the classroom every day.A.That B. This C. It D. Which9. You can spend time with your friends and family as you play together.用法 spend time with sb“与某人一起消磨时光”。spend time/ money on sth. 花费时间/钱在某物上 Spend. (in) doing sth. 花费.时间做某事。【举例】My brother spends two hours doing his homework every day.【应用】选择填空。How much did you_ on the computer?A. take B. spend C. cost D. pay10. Jane is a 16-year-old high school student in the United States.用法16-year-old是复合形容词，其用法相当于形容词的用法，作定语成分。举例Jim Green, the 10-year-old boy , is my best friend.Our teacher asked us to write a _ composition.A.2000 word B. 2000-word C. 2000 words D.2000-words第三单元知识点归纳词汇详解 1. loudly【用法】副词，意为“高声地；大声地”。【举例】They cheered loudly for their football team.【拓展】 aloud 出声的 loud与loudly含义相同。【应用】单项选择-Excuse me.Could you please not talk _ in the museum?-Oh, sorry.A. loudly B. carefully C.clearly 2. competition【用法】名词，意为“竞赛”【举例】There will be a chess competition next week.【拓展】in competition with“和.竞赛”【举例】At the speaking competition I will be in competition with 10 other representatives.【应用】单项选择 There is a keen _between the two motorcar firms. A. competition B.match C.competitor D. carry on competition 3. win【用法】动词，“赢得，获胜”，后跟表示名次，比赛，奖金等的名词。 过去式won ; 名词形式为winner, “赢者”.【举例】We won the basketball match yesterday. 【拓展】其同义词为beat“打败；击败”，但beat后跟被击败的对象。【应用】1. I _ the first in the math test last week. 2.This brave army _their enemy at last. 3.Mary wants to be the _ in the English competition.4. both【用法】both ,形容词或代词，“两者都”【拓展】all，形容词或代词，“大家都，全都”，指三个或三个以上的人或事。 【应用】单项选择 -Which of the two T-shirts will you take ?- Ill take _. One is for my brother and the other is for myself.A. either B.both C.all5. reach【用法】动词，“到达”【拓展】reach, get to, arrive in , arrive at 用法区别。 arrive in +大地点，arrive at +小地点 get to +地点 reach+地点【应用】翻译句子你们何时抵达伦敦？ 6. Similar【用法】形容词“相似的”，用作定语或者表语。【拓展】be similar to “与.相像”；be similar in “在.方面相像” 【应用】单项选择Your views on education are _ to mine.A. the same B. The similar C.same D. Similar7. primary【用法】形容词，“最初的；最早的”；“首要的，主要的”【举例】I started primary school when I was 5 years old.8. Information【用法】不可数名词，“信息，消息”9. Care动词，“关心，在乎”care for “喜爱”；care about “关心，在乎”；take care of “照顾”2 语句解析1. For me, a good friend likes to do the same things as me.用法like to do / like doing sth the same . as “ 与一样应用单项选择He gave _the same answer as I did.A. as same B. same C. as the same D. the same2. My best friend Larry is quite different from.用法be different from “与.不同举例My opinion is different from yours.应用单项选择。This school is different _ others .It has many out-of -class activities.A. of B.from C. of D. for 3. Im more outgoing than my sister.用法比较级的句子结构通常是：A+be动词+形容词比较级+than+B.举例Im taller than you.4. But Sam plays them better than Tom【用法】better是good/well的比较级，属于不规则变化。【拓展】better是比较级，前可加much 修饰，表示程度5. 比较级常用句式1） “which/ who., A or B? ” “表示选择” Which do you like better, water_ orange?2) “get/become. and.” 比较级+and+比较级， “越来越.” Your English is getting _ and _ (good)3) “the +比较级+of the two . ” “两者中较.的” Vince is the _(tall) of the two.4) “the +比较级，the +比较级” The _ (high) you stand, the _（far) you will see.5) “. +be +as+形容词原形+as+ .” “.和.一样”Im _ _ _you. (一样高）6） 比较级前常用much “更”, even “甚至”,still “仍然”, a little/ a bit ,“有点儿”等修饰词。 第四单元知识点归纳1 词汇详解1. Comfortable【用法】形容词，“使人舒适的，安逸的”，比较级more comfortable,最高级most comfortable.【举例】He lives in a comfortable life.【应用】单项选择-This house looks beautiful ,doesnt it?-Well ,Id rather have a house _ to look,but _ to live in.A. not beautiful;most comfortableB. .less beautiful;most comfortableC. Less beautiful;more comfortableD. Beautiful;comfortable2. seat【用法】名词，“座位”。【举例】Are there enough seats for everyone?【拓展】1)seat用作及物动词，“坐下” “be seated”. They are seated there. “seat oneself. ” T hey seat themselves there. 2)sit多作不及物动词 Sit down , please !【应用】单项选择。When I hurried to go to airport, the lady at the window told me that there were no_left on that plane.A. places B. seats C.space D.room 3. choose【用法】动词，“选择，挑选”，后接名词，代词，动词不定式，动名词或that/wh-从句。【举例】She chooses to study chemistry. 【应用】I _ the cake you like best. A. Choose B. am chosen C. was chosen D. Chooses.4. Pretty【用法】用作形容词，意为“漂亮的”；用作副词“相当，很”【举例】I am pretty sure that hell say yes.【应用】She is a _ girl.A. Beautifully B. pretty C. warm D.handsome5. act【用法】动词，“表演，行动，担任.角色”; actor, 名词，演员；action, 名词，表演，行动。【拓展】act as 充当，担任【应用】单项选择We went to Canada to travel and my cousin _ as our guide.A. played B. acted C. showed D. perfored 6.creative【用法】形容词，“创造力的，创造性的” 【举例】These painters are creative artists. 【拓展】辨析creative, original, imaginative creative侧重指具有把本来不存在的事物创造出来的能力。 original 强调具有与众不同，有独到之处的创造能力。imaginative 指想象大异于现实，近乎于虚构，强调丰富的想象能力。7. talent【用法】名词，“天资，天赋”【举例】The mother found that he son had a musical talent.【拓展】talent,ability,skill skill 指做某事的技能，技巧。 ability指能力，能胜任某项工作。【应用】根据所给汉语补全句子。How about the _ _ （才艺表演）？8. give 【用法】动词，“给予”； 给某人某物 give sb sth give sth to sb 。【拓展】give away, give back , give in, give up ,give off 9. Crowded【用法】形容词，意为“拥挤的”【举例】Guangzhou is a _（拥挤的）city.2 语句详解1. Whats the best movie theatre?【用法】best 是good/well 的最高级形式，意为“最好的”;反义词为 worst, “最坏的”【应用】Which do you like _ , tea , coffee or juice ?A. good B.better C. best D. Well2. Its the most popular .【用法】popular ,形容词“流行的，大众喜爱的”，比较级more popular, 最高级most popular.【应用】Basketball is _ _ _ (最受欢迎的) in China now.3. Its the worst store.【用法】worst是形容词bad/badly 的最高级形式，意思是 “最坏的”。【应用】M y sister sings English songs _（最坏的） of us all.4. You can buy the freshest food here.【用法】freshest 是fresh 最高级形式 ; fresh, “清新的 新鲜的”【举例】Open the window and let in some _ (清新的） air. 【拓展】独到的思想观点，fresh idea.5. Who was the best performer?【用法】performer, actor, player都有“表演者，演员”的意思。 actor侧重于扮演角色。player多为 某职业运动员 performer，在观众面前的表演者。6. Some thinks that the lives of the performers are made up.【用法】make up ，意为“编造”【举例】Why _ _ this whole lawyer story?
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