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新概念英语第一册部分语法讲解1. 一般现在时定义：经常发生，习惯动作，客观真理。（12字）构成：共两种形式，第一种：be(am, is, are) 第二种：v 当主语是第三人称单数时v要变为v-s/es时间状语：everyday , always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never（按频率由高到低的顺序排列）例句：We are students.(肯定句) We arent students. (否定句) Are you students?(一般疑问句) Yes, we are. / No, we arent. (肯/否定回答) He watches TV. (肯定句) 2. 一般过去时定义：过去发生。（4字）构成：共两种形式，第一种：be(was, were) 第二种：v-ed 时间状语：yesterday+时间 last+时间 时间+ago in+年（今年）例句：We were students last year.(肯定句) We werent students last year. (否定句) were you students last year?(一般疑问句) Yes, we were. / No, we werent. (肯/否定回答) He watched TV. (肯定句) 3. 一般将来时定义：将要发生，计划打算。（8字）构成：共两种形式，第一种：will/shall do 第二种：be going to do be(am, is ,are)时间状语：tomorrow, next day/ week/ month/ year, in a few minutes, the day after tomorrow例句：We will have lunch.(肯定句) We wont have lunch . (否定句) Will you have lunch?(一般疑问句) Yes, we will. / No, we wont. (肯/否定回答) He is going to have lunch. (肯定句) 4. 过去将来时定义：过去将要发生，计划打算。（10字）构成：共两种形式，第一种：would do 第二种：be going to do be(was, were)注：一般用于间接引语的句子中。例句：He said that he would see me again. She told us she was going to Beijing. 5. 现在进行时定义：正在发生。（4字）构成：be(am, is, are) v-ing（现在分词）时间状语：look，listen, now, at the moment例句： She is swimming now.(肯定句) She isnt swimming now. (否定句) Is she swimming now?(一般疑问句) Yes, she is. / No, she isnt. (肯/否定回答)6. 过去进行时定义：过去正在发生。（6字）构成：be(was，were) v-ing（现在分词）时间状语：when , while , as, just as, 类似at this time yesterday.例句： She was swimming at 9oclock yesterday morning.(肯定句) She was nt swimming at 9oclock yesterday morning.(否定句) Was she swimming at 9oclock yesterday morning?(一般疑问句) Yes, she was. / No, she wasnt (肯/否定回答) While I was walking along the street I met my old friend. My wife was cooking the dinner while I was working in the garden.7.现在完成时定义：过去发生影响现在； 过去发生延续到现在。（2个定义）构成：have/ has done/ P.P(过去分词)时间状语：already, just ,ever, never, yet ; for段时间 sine点时间例句：We have already had lunch.(肯定句) We havent had lunch yet. (否定句) Have you had lunch yet?(一般疑问句) Yes, we have. / No, we havent. (肯/否定回答) He has watched TV for two days. (肯定句) 8.过去完成时定义：过去过去。（4个字）构成：had done/ P.P(过去分词)时间状语：after+had done before一般过去时例句：I had dinner after I had washed my hands. He had finished his homework before the teacher came in.一、直接引语与间接引语定义：直接引语指直接引用别人的话，有引号。 间接引语指转述别人的话，无引号。直接引语变间接引语（四变）一变：变人称（不是所有都变）二变：变时态 1.引号前的谓语动词是一般现在时，引号内变出来可以是任何时态。2.引号前的谓语动词是一般过去时，引号内变出来时态变为相应的过去时。三变：变句序（都是陈述语序） He said“I am a student.” He said (that)he was a student. She said“They arent busy.”She said (that)they werent busy. that + 肯定句/ 否定句 He asked “Is she ready?”He asked if she was ready. He asked whether she was ready or not. if/ whetheror not + 一般疑问句 He asked“Where is the car?”He asked where the car was. She asked “What is she reading?”She asked what she was reading. 特殊疑问词+ 陈述句四变：变时间地点 herethere tomorrowthe next dayPS: 客观真理 时态不变 Whats wrong with 语序不变 What happed to sb二、主动语态与被动语态定义：语态是用来说明主语和谓语之间的关系，英语中有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者；被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。主动语态变为被动语态的变化要求1. 宾变主2. 主变状3. 动词be+ PP 强调谁加byHis grandfather waters these flowers everyday.He ate three eggs.She will shut the door.I am reading an English book.
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