必修三unit5单词学习学案.doc

Unit 5 单词学习学案1. various adj. 各种各样的；各种不同的 There are various ways of doing this. Tents come in various shapes and sizes. vary v. (1)vary (in sth) （大小、形状等）相异，不同 The studentswork varies considerably in quality. 学生作业的质量参差不齐。 （2）vary (with sth) vary (from sth to sth) vary(between A and B) （随着）变化；变更，从到不等The menu varies with the season. 菜单随季节而变动。Class numbers vary from 25 to 30 / between 25 and 30. 班级的数量从25 到30 不等。variety n. 不同种类，多种多样；变化，多样性；变种，变体There is a wide variety of patterns to choose from. 有种类繁多的图案可供选择。My job lacked variety; I was doing the same things all the time. 我上次那份工作缺乏多样化，我老是在做同样的事情。a variety of / varieties of 各种各样的，不同种类的He resigned for a variety of / varieties of reasons. 他由于种种原因辞职了。(1)由于种种原因我不想见他。 _, I dont want to meet her.(2)这两座大楼的高度和设计都不同。The two buildings _ _ _ _ _.(3)他每月的收入从2500元到3000元不等。His income in each month _ _ _ _ _ _ _.His income in each month _ _ _ _ _ _ _2. amusement n. (1) u. 娱乐；乐趣；开心 同义: entertainment I find amusement in collecting stamps. 我发现了集邮的乐趣。(2) c. usually pl. 娱乐活动；游戏；消遣活动I would never choose to watch cricket as an amusement.我绝不会把看板球当做消遣。The hotel offers its guests a wide variety of amusements. 这个旅馆为住客提供了各种各样的娱乐活动。to ones amusement 使某人感到好笑的是To my great amusement, his false beard fell off.do sth for amusement 做某事以消遣I only do it for amusement. 我只不过做着玩而已。amuse v. amusing /amused adj.(1)我以读书自娱。I _ _ with reading.(2)我们觉得这个笑话真有趣。We _ _ at the joke.(3)大城市有许多娱乐。Big cities have _ _.(4)我发现了学英语的乐趣.I find _ _ learning English.3. preserve vt.(1)保存，贮存Ancient Egyptians knew ways to preserve dead bodies from decay.古埃及人懂得保存尸体使之不腐烂的方法。(2)保护，维护，维持Its the duty of the police to preserve public order.维护公共秩序是警察的责任。preservation n. 保存， 保护，贮存The topic is the preservation of nature. 主题是自然保护。The fruit is in a good state of preservation. 这水果保存得很好。keep, reserve, preserve 辨析keep为最常用词，指长时间牢固地保持或保存。reserve为正式用语，指为了将来的用途或其他用途而保存、保留。preserve主要指为防止损害、变质等而保存。用以上三个词的适当形式填空(1)Fishing is strictly _.(2) You can _ meat or fish in salt.(3)They will be trying to _ order. (4)The first three rows are _ for guests.4. attraction n. 有吸引人的事物（可数名词）; 吸引,吸引力（不可数名词）”常用短语: attraction of gravity 引力 magnetic attraction 磁力The attraction of the moon for the earth causes the sides.月球对地球的引力引起潮汐.attract v. 吸引 Like attracts like. 物以类聚。 A magnet attracts iron. 磁石吸铁 v. 引起(注意,兴趣,赞赏等); 诱惑. attract ones attention 引起某人的注意 attract moths with lamps 点灯诱蛾attractive adj. 有吸引力的; 引人注意的an attractive woman 一个动人的女人(1)他为她的微笑所吸引。 He _ _ _ her smile.(2)为了引起她的注意，他提高了声音。 He raised his voice to _ _ _.5. wherever conj. & adv. 无论哪里; 无论什么情况下She is followed by that person wherever she goes. 无论她去哪里, 那个人都跟着她。You can sit wherever you want. 你想坐哪里就坐哪里。类似用法的还有whichever, whatever, whenever, whomever等。Take whichever you want. 你想拿哪个就拿哪个。Whatever I have also belongs to you. 我所有的一切也属于你的。Whatever happens, Ill always be on your side.不管发生什么事, 我总会站在你一边.用where, wherever 完成句子(1)_ he lives, Ill find him.(2) Can you find out _ we live on the globe?(3)_you work, you must always serve the people heart and soul.(4)Well go _ you say.(5)You should make it a rule to leave things _you can find them again.(6)Leave her _she is.6. model(1)n. 模型；模特；模范，典范a model of the Eiffel Tower 埃菲尔铁塔模型 a fashion model 时装模特儿Shes a model student. 她是个模范学生。 (2)vt. 做的模型，塑造；模仿，仿效 常说 model sth on /after sb/sthAs a politician, he modeled himself on Churchill. 作为一名政治家，他以丘吉尔为样。这个国家的议会是模仿英国的体制建立的。The countrys parliament_ _ _the British system.7. old-fashioned 老式的，过时的 old-fashioned equipment/ clothes / ideas 老式的设备/ 过时的衣服/ 陈旧的思想fashion n. (衣服、发式等的)最新款式，（行为、活动等的）时尚；时装业常构成下列短语：(1) in fashion 在流行 Jeans are still in fashion.(2) out of fashion 不再流行 The style has been out of fashion for a long time.(3) come into fashion 流行起来 Long skirt have come into fashion again.(4) go out of fashion 过时 Some styles never go out of fashion.(5) after the fashion of sb/ sth The new library is very much after the fashion of Nash. 这座新图书馆很像纳什的风格。fashionable adj. 流行的，时兴的，时髦的(1)女孩子通常喜欢赶时髦。In general, girls like to _ _ _ _.(2)长头发已经不兴了. Long hair is _ _ _.8. more than(1) more than名词 不仅仅是；不只是China Daily is more than a newspaper. It helps to improve our English.(2) more than数词 超多；多于I have known David for more than 20 years. 我认识大卫20多年了。(3) more than形容词/副词/动词/分词/句子，起到加强语气或程度的作用, “十分” In doing scientific experiments, one must be more than careful with the instruments. I assure you I am more than glad to help you. more.than.(1)与其说不如说She is more lazy than unintelligent. 她与其说智力差，不如说懒惰。(2)比更（多）He has made much more progress this year than (he did) last year.他今年取得的进步比去年大。(5) more than或more.than.含“can”的分句时表示“否定意”，如： Thats more than I can do. 我做不了 Dont bite off more than you can chew. (1)他不仅是我们的老师，还是我们的朋友。 He is _ _ _ _ to us.(2)听了我们的话后，他语气说失望，不如说受到了鼓舞。He was _ _ _ _ at my words.9. be well-known / famous for意为“因为而出名”，后接出名的原因，如： Now York is famous for its high buildings. 纽约以高楼大厦而闻名。 He is famous for his novels. 他因他的小说而出名。 be well-known / famous as 作为而出名，前面的主语和后面的名词意思一致 Lu Xun was famous as a writer. 鲁迅是位著名的作家。 Hangzhou is famous as a tourist place. 杭州是一个旅游胜地。 be famous for 后接宾语是主语的所属内容，be famous as后接宾语是主语的同位成分。10. come true: to become reality 成为现实My dream of becoming a lawyer has come true.实现梦想种种表达法：realize / fulfill / live up to ones dream ones dream come trueones dream be realized /fulfilled /lived up to (1)这是一个已成为事实的梦想。It is a dream _ _ _ _(2)总有一天你的愿望会实现。Your wishes will _ _ _ _.(3)他说我会当律师，事实就是如此。He said I should be a lawyer and _ _ _ _.11. no wonder难怪，怪不得。后面直接接从句，或者用于Its no wonder that.中。 No wonder you were late-you ate your breakfast so slowly. 难怪你迟到早饭吃得这么慢。 It is no wonder that he should have succeeded. 他成功了是不足为奇的。Its a wonder (that) 令人惊奇的是, 奇怪的是Its a wonder (that) you didnt lose your way in the dark.令人惊奇的是你在黑暗中竟未迷路。do/ work wonders 创造奇迹，取得惊人的效果She looked so tired before, but her holiday has worked /done wonders.她看上去疲惫不堪，可是休假产生了奇妙的作用。12. advance v. (1) advance (on /towards sb/ sth) (为了进攻、威胁等)前进，行进 Our troops have advanced 2 miles. 我们的军队前进了两英里。(2) (知识、技术等)发展，进步 We have greatly advanced in our knowledge in our knowledge of the world. 我们在世界知识方面大有长进。(3)促进；推动It is a great force to advance all kinds of work.那是个推动各项工作的巨大动力。(4)预付He advanced me 10 dollars of my salary.他预支我十美元薪水。(5)提出(想法、理论、计划)The theory was advanced by an American professor.该理论是一位美国教授提出的。(6)使提前；使提早The date of the meeting was advanced/put forward by four days.会议提前四天召开。(7)(价格、成本)上涨Prices have never advanced.物价从未上涨。in advance(of sth) (时间上)在前；预先；事先If youre going to come, please let me know in advance.同义: ahead of time /scheduleadvanced adj. 高级的；先进的；年事已高的advanced courses /equipment 高级课程/ 先进设备(1)到天黑时他们已前进了20英里。 They _ _ 20 miles by nightfall.(2)近五十年来医学取得了巨大的进步。 There _ _ _ _ in medicine in the last 50 years.(3)我们不得不提前两周交租金。 We have to pay the rent two weeks _ _.13. admission n. 入场费, 门票; 承认, 供认Do they charge for admission? 入场要收费吗? Admission to the cinema is 50 dollars. 电影门票五十美元。 His admission that he was to blame kept the others from being punished. 他的承认过错使得他人免于受罚。 admit v. 承认; 接受(1)闲人免进。 _ _ except on business.(2)他承认偷了自行车。 He _ the bike.(3)三年后，他被一所著名大学录取。 Three years later, he _ _ _ a famous university.14. up-to-date: (adj.) modern 新近的, 现代的, 新式的This factory uses the most up-to-date methods to make machines. out of date 过时的, 废弃的 up to the minute 最现代的, 最时新的 date from / back to 追溯到; 开始于It was a modern factory-everything was really up-to-date.Your out-of-date methods should be given up at once. The church dates back to 1173. The church dates from 1173.(1)这个工厂采用了最新的生产方式。 The factory used _ _ _ methods.(2)她觉得自己老了，跟不上时代了。 She felt old and _ _ _.(3)这一习俗有几百年的历史。 The custom _ hundreds of years ago.拓展：up-date vt.1)Its about time we updated our software. ( 使现代化；更新 )2) I called the office to update them on the days developments.( 向.提供/增加最新信息 )15. come to life (1)变得活跃；变得更有趣 When it comes to computer games, he will immediately come to life.一说到电脑游戏，他就会活跃起来(2)(仿佛活着) 开始动起来In my dream all my toys came to life.我的玩具在梦里都活起来了。(3)醒过来It was not long before he came (back) t life.不久他就苏醒过来 拓展 (1) bring sb/sth to life 使更有趣；使更生动Flowers can bring a dull room back to life. 鲜花可使沉闷的房间恢复生气。(2) come around/round 恢复知觉；苏醒Your mother hasnt yet come around from the anesthetic.你母亲麻醉后还没有苏醒。(3) come to oneself/ ones senses 苏醒She fainted, but soon came to herself. 他昏了国务，但很快又苏醒过来。(4) come back (to sb) 恢复记忆Its all coming back to me now. 现在我全想起来了。16. get close to 接近 Tell the children not to get close to fire.close to (1)(在空间或时间上)接近Our house is close to the park.(2)几乎(处于某种状态)；可能（快要做某事）We are close to signing the agreement. 我们可能很快就要签订协议(3) 酷似的；几乎相等的His feeling for her was close to hatred. 他对她的感情近乎仇恨。 be close to sb 与关系亲密；在附近she is very close to her father.= She and her father are very close.come close to (doing) sth 几乎达到；差不多Hed come close to death. 他曾与死神擦肩而过。(1)很难接近着火的房子。It was difficult to_ _ _ the burning house.(2)他几乎哭了. He was _ _ _.