小学英语特殊疑问代词.doc

小学英语必会基础知识-特殊疑问代词特殊疑问句是小学开始接触的一项重要语法，也可以说是在接触之后的必考、必会内容，要想把这个语法点掌握好一定要从特殊疑问代词开始，要先明确的了解这些代词分别适用于什么地方，不能弄出驴唇不对马嘴的笑话，接下来我对小学阶段需要掌握的特殊疑问代词做以小结，仅供参考！（1）what 一般用于提问物品、事物、姓名、做什么。 （2）where 一般用于提问地点 （3）when 一般用于提问大概、大约时间 （4）what time 一般用于提问具体时间 （5）how 一般用于提问状况、状态 （6）how many 一般用于提问可数名词 （7）how much 一般用于提问不可数名词 （8）how old 一般用于提问年龄 （9）how long 一般用于提问距离 （10）why 一般用于提问原因、或不明白的地方 （11）who 一般用于提问人、是谁 （12）whose 一般用于提问归属、是谁的 1）疑问代词在句中起名词词组的作用，用来构成疑问句。疑问代词有下列几个： 指人：who，whom，whose指物：what既可指人又可指物：which2）疑问代词在句中应位于谓语动词之前，没有性和数的变化，除who之外也没有格的变化。what，which，whose还可作限定词。试比较：疑问代词：Whose are these books on the desk？桌上的书是谁的？What was the directional flow of U. S. territorial expansion？美国的领土扩张是朝哪个方向的？限定词：Whose books are these on the desk？桌上的书是谁的？What events led to most of the east of the Mississippi River becoming part of the United States？哪些事件使密西西比河以东的大部分土地归属于美国？说明1：无论是做疑问代词还是限定词，which 和what 所指的范围不同。what所指的范围是无限的，而which则指在一定的范围内，例如：Which girls do you like best？你喜欢哪几个姑娘？What girls do you like best？你喜欢什么样的姑娘？说明2：Whom是who的宾格，在书面语中，它作动词宾语或介词宾语，在口语中作宾语时，可用who代替，但在介词后只能用whom，例如：Who（m）did you meet on the street？你在街上遇到了谁？（作动词宾语）Who（m）are you taking the book to？你要把这书带给谁？（作介词宾语，置句首）To whom did you speak on the campus？你在校园里和谁讲话了？（作介词宾语，置介词 后，不能用who取代。）说明3：疑问代词用于对介词宾语提问时，过去的文体中介词和疑问代词通常一起放在句首，现代英语中，疑问代词在句首，介词在句未，例如：For what do most people live and work？大部分人生活和工作的目的是什么？（旧文体）What are you looking for？你在找什么？（现代英语）说明4：疑问代词还可引导名词性从句，例如：I cant make out what he is driving at.我不知道他用意何在。Can you tell me whose is the blue shirt on the bed？你能告诉我床上的蓝衬衣是谁的吗？Much of what you say I agree with，but I cannot go all the way with you.你说的我大部分同意，但并不完全赞同。疑问代词用法说明一、疑问代词的用法英语中的疑问代词主要who, whom, whose, which, what等，它们通常位于句首，引出特殊疑问句：What are you doing, Jim? 吉姆，你在干什么？Whose wallet is this? 这是谁的钱包？Which bike is yours? 哪辆自行车是你的？ 二、两组疑问代词的用法比较1. who 与 whom：前者为主格，用作主语，后者为宾格，用作宾格：Who said that? 那是谁说的？Whom are you waiting for? 你在等谁？但是，当用作宾语的 whom 位于句首时，通常可用who 代之：Who are you waiting for? 你在等谁？2. what, which 与 who：其后接名词时只用which和what，不能用who。which和what的区别是：前者用于选择范围较小或较明确的场合，后者用于选择范围较大或不明确的场合：Which color do you like, black or white? 黑色和白色，你喜欢哪种？What color is your car? 你的汽车是什么颜色的？但是，若指人，即使选择的范围不明确，也多用 which：Which What writers do you like? 你喜欢哪些作家? 其后不接名词时，三者均可用，which和what的用法区别可参见上面的分析。至于who，它一般只用来指人，不管选择范围大还是小、明确还是不明确均可用：Who won Tom or Mike? 谁赢了，是汤姆还是迈克? Who is your favorite poet? 你最喜欢的诗人是谁?另外，比较以下三句：(from www.zkenglish.com)Who is he? 他是谁？（意即要了解他的情况）What is he? 他是干什么的？（询问他的职业）Which is he? 他是哪个？（用于在一群人辨别要找的人） 三、两个疑问代词连用的情况请看以下实例：Where and when were you born? 你出生在何时何地？When and how did he go there? 他是什么时候、怎么去那儿的？Where is it? Where is what? “它在哪儿?”“什么在哪儿?”补充讲解句子是英语学习的核心。从句子使用的目的来分，它可分为四类1、 陈述句（肯定句和否定句）2、疑问句（一般疑问句、特殊疑问句和选择疑问句）3、祈使句（肯定句和否定句）4、感叹句。四大句子类型的相互转换，对于学生来讲是个难点，为此，可通过说顺口留的形式来帮助学生解决这一难题。如：将陈述句变成一般疑问句，可以变成这样的顺口留：疑问疑问调个头，把be(系动词“is are am”)放在最前头。又如：将陈述句的肯定句变成否定句，我们就可以这样说：否定，否定加“not”，加在何处，加在系动词的后面；在句子相互转换的题型中，最难的要算“就下列划线部分提问”或是“看答句，写问句”这种题型了，其实，我们只要熟练掌握疑问词（what，what time, what colour, where， when, who， whose， which， how， how old ，how tall, how long, how big, how heavy , how much， how many等等）具体用法，了解他们是针对什么提问的，这种题型就很容易做了。对于这些疑问词，我建议做一个表格，所这些疑问代词的汉语意思、用来提问什么做成一个表格，对比着记忆，可能效果会更好一些。英语中，疑问词可以分为疑问代词和疑问副词，但在小学阶段，同学们没有必要分得那么清楚，只要明白每个疑问词的意义及用法就可以了。下面是我总结的PEP英语小学阶段出现的疑问词，希望对同学们的复习有一定的帮助。what什么，用来问是什么，叫什么，做什么等 1. Whats your name? 你叫什么名字？2. Whats your father?你爸爸是干什么的？3. What is in your box? 你的盒子里是什么？ What time什么时间，用来问时间 What time is it? 几点了？What time is it now? 现在几点了？What colour什么颜色， 用来问颜色1. Waht colour is your bag? 你的书包是什么颜色？2. What colour is your book?你的书本是什么颜色？ What about怎么样， 用来征求意见或询问感受等，大多用于承接上面的同样问题1. What bout this pair of shoes? 这双鞋子怎么样？2. What about you? 你呢？3. What about your dad?你爸爸呢？ What day 星期几，用来问星期几1. What day is it today? 今天星期几？2. What day was yesterday? 昨天星期几？ What date什么日期，问具体的日期1Whats the date today? 今天是几号？2. What date is tomorrow? 明天是几号？ What for为何目的，用来问目的，在一定情况下只可以与why互换 What did you buy that for? 你为什么要买那个？ when什么时候，用来问时间 1. When do you get up? 你什么时候起床？2. When did you go there? 你什么时候去的那里？ Where 哪里，用来问地点1. Where is my ruler? 我的尺子在哪里？2. Where are you from? 你是哪里人？3. Where are you going to? 你打算去哪里？ Which 哪一个，用来问具体的哪一个1. Which season do you like best? 你最喜欢哪个季节？2. Which class are you in? 你在哪一个班？3.which one is my pen？哪一个是我的钢笔？ Who谁，用来问人物是谁1. Who is that boy? 那个男孩是谁？2. Who are you going to with? 你打算和谁一起去？3. Who is that pretty lady? 那个漂亮的女士是谁？ Whose谁的，用来问东西是谁的1. Whose bag is this? 这是谁的包？2. Whose bike is yellow? 谁的自行车是黄色的？ Why为什么，用来问原因1. Why do you like spring? 你为什么喜欢春天？2. Why did you go there? 你为什么去那里？ How 怎么样，用来询问身体等状况1. How are you? 你好吗？2. How is your mother? 你妈妈好吗？ How old几岁，用来问年龄1. How old are you? 你几岁了？2. How old is your father? 你爸爸多大了？ How long多长，用来问长度1. How long are your legs? 你的腿多长？2. How long is your pencil? 你的铅笔多长？ How big多大，用来问物体的大小1. How big is your bedroom? 你的卧室多大？ How tall多高，用来问高度2. How tall is your brother? 你弟弟有多高？ How heavy 多重，用来问重量1. How heavy are you? 你有多重？2. How heavy is this box? 这个箱子有多重？ How far多远，用来问路程1. How far can you dive under the water? 在水下你能游多远？2. How far is it from here? 从这儿去有多远？ How many多少，用来问数量1. How many apples do you have? 你有多少苹果？2. How many days are there in a year? 一年有多少天？ How much多少钱，用来问价格1. How much is this dress? 这个连衣裙多少钱？2. How much are these desks? 这些桌子多少钱？ How about怎么样，用来征求意见或询问感受等，大多用于承接上面的同样问题，用法与what about相同 1. How about you? 你呢？2. How about that shirt? 那件衬衣怎么样？ 练一练 1、A: _ is the boy in blue? B: Hes Mike.2、A: _ wallet is it? B: Its mine.3、A: _ is the diary? B: Its under the chair.4、A: _ is the Christmas Day? B: Its on the 25th of December.5、A: _ are the earphones? B: They are 25 Yuan.6、A: _ is the hairdryer? B: Its blue.7、A: _ is it today? B: Its Sunday.8、A: _ was it yesterday? B: It was the 13th of October.9、A: _ this red one? B: Its beautiful.10、A: _ is it from here? B: Its about two kilometer away.11、A: Can I have some paper and some crayons? B:_ ? A: I want to make a kite.12、A:_ one is fatter, the blue one or the red one? B: The blue one.13、A:_ is your cousin? B: Hes 15 years old.14、A:_ do you have dinner? B: At 6 oclock.练习题1. ( )s your name? -Im Jenny.A.How B.Who C.What D.Where2. ( ) is that? -This is liming speaking!A.When B.Whose C.Why D.Who3. ( ) times did you play basketball a week? -Three times!A. How many B.How often C.How long D.How far4. ( ) pen is this? -Its mine Sam says.A.Where B.Whose C.Who D.What5. ( ) is Anns sister? -Lucy.A. What B.Why C.Who D.When6. ( ) didnt you come to my party? -Sorry, I was ill in bed.A.Why B.Where C.What D. How7.( ) is your hobby(爱好)?-Playing football!A. How long B. How many C. How often D. What8. ( ) have you gone? -Beijing.A.Who B.Where C.How far D.How9. ( ) are you? -Fine. Thanks!A.How B.Who C.When D.How long10. ( ) is it from Beijing to Shijiazhuang?-About 300 kilometer(=km).A.How B.How many C.How far D.How long11. ( ) did you play basketball? -Three times a week.A. How far B.How often C.Where D.How long12. ( ) I go into the classroom; I saw all the students are very quiet!A.How B.When C.How far D.What13. I dont know ( ) to learn English well.A.what B.who C.way D.how14.( ) can I do for you?-Id like a black T-shirt.A.When B.How C.What D.How long15.( ) have you lived in America last year?-I have lived in America for four month last year.A.How long B.How often C.Why D.When特殊疑问词的小结练习 一、认一认，记一记，写出下列特殊疑问词的中文意思。why_ which_ when _ who_ what_ where_ how many_ how much_二、读一读，完成下列句子。1. A： _the weather like in fall? B: _ cool.2. A: _ do you go to school? B: _ 7:15.3. A: _ is the pen? B: _ in the pencil-box.4. A: _your English teacher? B: _ Miss Chen.5. A: _season do you like best? B: _ like winter _.三、用第一大题的八个特殊疑问词提问，每词只用一次1. _？ Because I can swim in summer.2. _? I like winter best.3. _? I often plant trees in spring.4. _? My bag is on the desk.5. _? Mr. Xiao is my P.E. teacher.6. _? I have 25 books.7. _? Its 50 Yuan.8. _? I usually go to bed at 9:15