上海新世纪版2020年中考英语题型专练：阅读理解（二）D卷.doc

上海新世纪版2020年中考英语题型专练：阅读理解（二）D卷姓名:_ 班级:_ 成绩:_一、 阅读理解 (共10题；共86分)1. （8分）阅读理解 Can you imagine a pair of shoes that could tie themselves? All you have to do is put them on and push a button. Well, this idea is becoming a reality. The shoe company Nike created the self-tying shoe! This idea first came from the film Back to the Future II, Nike has been working for years to create a shoe that can do this in real life. They have finally done it with Nike HyperAdapt 1.0.So how does it work? According to Nike, the shoe is “powered by an underfoot-lacing mechanism(脚下系带装置) small motor that has the power to lace the shoes, All you have to do is put them on, and at first, the shoes are very loose(松的). But then you can push the + perfect fit for you. To take them off, all you have to do is push the - button, and the shoes will be easily off.They havent been widely released to the public yet, and the price of the shoes is quite high.（1）The best title to describe the main idea of the passage is _ A . Shoes of the future are now a realityB . Shoes of the future are coming themselvesC . The shoe company Nike and its filmD . Shoes and films are doing their work（2）When did the shoe company Nike start creating the self-tying shoe? A . Not until the imagination came into being.B . Soon after the shoe company Nike was formed.C . After the film Back to the Future was shown.D . Before the film Back to the Future was formed.（3）What makes the self-tying shoe work? A . The power from Nike.B . An underfoot-lacing mechanism.C . Nike HyperAdaPt 1.0D . Setting a small button with a motor.（4）The first thing for the wearer to do after putting the shoes on is _. A . make them looseB . make the perfect fitC . push the - bottonD . push the + botton2. （10分）阅读理解At 18, many American young people go off on their own. They go away to college or find full-time jobs, and they often pay for their own apartments. Some get married and start families. This independence（独立) is learned from childhood.From an early age, American children learn to do things by themselves. Children as young as 2 begin to put away their toys and dress themselves. At 3, many children do simple chores like setting the table.Using money in the right way is also taught early. As soon as a child understands the value of money, he or she receives a weekly allowance. This is used for things the child wants, like toys or treats. The child can spend or save it, usually with little help or advice from parents. If the child wants more money, it must be earned by doing extra chores.Children are taught early in life to think for themselves. They are allowed to make some decisions and make mistakes. Failure often teaches more than success.（1）Many young American people begin to live on themselves _ .A . at the age of eighteenB . from an early ageC . after they get marriedD . when they find jobs（2）An American child learns to _ at the age of 2.A . do a lot of choresB . put on their own clothesC . study for a testD . set the table（3）The underlined word “allowance” means _ .A . pocket moneyB . presentC . prizeD . toy（4）A child can get some more money by _ .A . understanding the value of moneyB . doing a lot of homeworkC . reading a lot of booksD . doing some more chores（5）Which is NOT true according to the passage?A . American children learn to be independent from an early age.B . American children always use or save their money with the help of their mother.C . American children are allowed to make some decisions and mistakes.D . Failure is needed in childrens life as well as success.3. （8分）阅读理解Once there is a boy in London. His name is Jimmy. He starts painting when he is three years old, and when he is five years old, he is already very good at it. He paints many beautiful and interesting pictures, and a lot of people buy his pictures. They say, “This boy is going to be famous when hes a little older, and then were going to sell these pictures for a lot of money.”Jimmys pictures are different from others because he never paints on the whole of the paper. He only paints on half of it, and the other half is always empty.“Thats very clever,” people say. “No other painters have ever done that!”One day someone asks Jimmy, “Please tell me, Jimmy, why do you only paint on the bottom (底) half of the paper, but not on the top half?”“Because Im small,” Jimmy says, “and my brushes cant reach very high.”（1）From the passage, we know Jimmy lives in _. A . ChinaB . EnglandC . AmericaD . Canada（2）_, he began painting. A . When he was three years oldB . When he was five years oldC . When he was eight years oldD . When he was ten years old（3）How are Jimmys pictures? A . Beautiful.B . Interesting.C . Bad.D . Beautiful and interesting.（4）Which part of paper did Jimmy paint? A . The whole of the paperB . The top half.C . The bottom half.D . The middle part.（5）Jimmy only paints half of the paper because _. A . he was very cleverB . he was very shortC . he was very tallD . he was very big4. （8分）根据短文内容的理解，选择正确答案。Fred is eight years old. He goes to school near his home. He always goes there and comes home on foot. One day he comes home from school late. His mother sees him and asks him, Why are you late, Fred?My teacher is very angry and asks you to go to her office tomorrow.To her office? Why? his mother asks. Because she asks a question in the class. Says Fred. Nobody can answer it, but I can.You are so clever, my son. His mother says with a smile.Her question is Who puts the tomato on my chair and makes my trousers dirty? says Fred.（1）Fred is late because he _. A . does his homework at schoolB . plays basketball at schoolC . likes to stay at schoolD . has a talk with the teacher at school（2）_ can answer the teachers question in class. A . NobodyB . FredC . Many studentsD . A few students（3）There is a _ on the teachers chair. A . bookB . tomatoC . bagD . pen（4）The teacher asks Freds mother to go to school tomorrow because _. A . Fred is eightB . Fred goes to school on footC . Freds home is nearD . Fred makes her angry（5）The teachers trousers are dirty because_. A . she falls to the groundB . it is raining hardC . she sits on her chair and a tomato is on itD . she puts her cup on her chair5. （8分） The Mayan（玛雅的）Indians lived in Mexico for thousands of years before the Spanish arrived in the 1500s. The Mayan achievements were many. They had farms, beautiful palaces, and cities with many buildings. The Mayan people knew a lot about nature and the world around them. This knowledge helped them to live a better life than most people of that time, because they could use it to make their lives more comfortable and rewarding（值得的）. Knowledge about tools and farming, for example, made their work easier and more productive.The Maya believed in many gods, including rain gods, sun gods, and corn gods. The people built large temples to honor the Mayan gods. Skillful workers built cities around these temples. It was difficult for them to build these cities, because they had no horses to carry the heavy stone they used to build with. Workers had to carry all of the building materials themselves. Today, many of these ancient Mayan cities and temples are still standing.Although the cities that the Maya built were beautiful, and the people worked hard to build them, very few of the people lived in them. Usually, only the priests（牧师）lived in the cities.The other people lived in small villages in the forests. Their houses were much simpler than the elaborate buildings in the cities. They lived in small huts（小屋）with no windows. The walls were made of poles covered with dried mud, and the roof was made of grass or leaves. Most Maya lived a simple life close to nature.The Mayan priests studied the Sun, the Moon, stars, and planets. They made a calendar from what they learned. The year was divided into 18 months of 20 days each with five days left over. The Mayan calendar was far more exact than the European calendars of the time.Around the year 800, the Maya left their villages and beautiful cities, never to return. No one knows why this happened. They may have died from some disease. They may have left because the soil could no longer grow crops. Archaeologists（考古学家）are still trying to find the lost secrets of the Maya.（1）What does the underlined word “elaborate mean?A . easily builtB . carefully madeC . slowly fixedD . quickly designed（2）From the passage we can infer（推理）that.A . most Maya lived in beautiful citiesB . many Mayan cities and temples are still standingC . the Maya were intelligent and culturally rich peopleD . the Mayan calendar was the same as European calendars（3）Why it is said that the Mayan people lived a better life than most people of that time?A . They had better building skills and housing conditions.B . They believed in many gods, and honored the Mayan gods.C . They had knowledge about tools and faming.D . They studied about nature and the world around them.（4）What can be the best title for this article?A . Mayan GodsB . Mayan BuildingsC . Productive MayaD . Mysterious（神秘的）Maya6. （8分） Fashions in child-care (儿童保育)， as all parents know, come and go. Bottle-feeding or mothers milk? Full-time parental care or a child-minder(儿童保育员)? These problems always trouble the parents a lot. And now, there is a book called Childsplay dealing with the problem of child-care.The author of Childsplay, Lucy Jackson, believes most school children do some sports at school. And many adults take regular exercise in their free time.Babies, though, spend most of the time in front of the television or sitting in a push-chair (折叠式婴儿车) or high chair. If the world were a safer place, every child would run around freely, but that is simply not possible. As a result, they become lazy, overweight and unfit.Ms. Jackson is worried that if small children take no regular exercise, bad habits will continue into adulthood (成人期 ). She suggests that parents should begin exercising with very small babies, moving their legs and arms gently in time to music. As children grow, they should follow and exercise program using soft balls, household furniture and play equipment.Many experts in child development do not agree. They feel that children will learn to run and jump as they play naturally; they do not need planned exercise. They would not be overweight if they ate healthier food. An increasing number of parents, though, are taking their children to exercise classes. The kids jump around with their mothers to disco music.They seem to enjoy themselves, but it is not at all clear if the classes have any effect on their future development. （1）According to the passage, the parents do not worry about how to care about their children.（2）Childsplay is a book about how to take care of the children.（3）Ms. Jackson doesnt believe babies take enough exercise.（4）Ms. Jackson encourages parents to take exercise with their babies.（5）Though we dont know if the exercise will have any effect on children future development, some mothers have already taken their children to exercise.7. （8分）阅读理解 What do you usually do in your free time? Do you like using your mobile phones? Recently, a study found that most college students were very interested in playing with their mobile phones. The study was carried out from March 12th to March 26th and 590 boys and 630girls took part in it. Here are the results.According to the results, 82 percent said they used their mobile phones too much. The usual time college students spend on mobile phones is 5.2 hours a day. 13 percent of them use mobile phones for over 9 hours every day and 14 percent use mobile phones for 7 to 9 hours. 53 percent of the college students use mobile phones between 6 pm and 9 pm. 71 percent of the college students use mobile phones from 9 pm to midnight, and the percentage of the students who use mobile phones just before they sleep is even higher.There is a difference in using mobile phones between boys and girls. 66 percent of boy students use mobile phones for entertainment like playing online games, and it is 14 percentage points higher than girl students. But 40 percent of girl students do online shopping, and it is 16 percentage points higher than boys.At the same time, 24 percent of the students said mobile phones were good for their study, such as helping them find information and helping them learn more new things. For instance, some teachers like using mobile phones in class to share learning materials. How do you like this study? Is it a good way for students to use their mobile phones too much? Absolutely not.（1）How long did it take people to do the study? A . A week.B . Half a month.C . A month.D . Half a year.（2）When do college students use mobile phones the most often? A . In the morning.B . In the afternoon.C . Before lunch.D . Before sleeping.（3）According to the results, how many girl students use mobile phones to buy things online? A . 100B . 151C . 252D . 416（4）What does the underlined part For instance mean? A . For example.B . In factC . At firstD . All in all（5）What does the passage mainly want to tell us? A . How many college students do online shoppingB . Who college students use mobile phones withC . When and why college students use mobile phonesD . How mobile phones help students with their study8. （8分）阅读理解 Great changes have taken place in family life because of science and industry(工业). In the past, when most Americans lived on farms, the typical family had many children. In a farm family, parents and their children often lived with grandparents. Usually, uncles and aunts lived nearby. But when industry became more important than agriculture in American life, families became smaller because industry requires workers who are ready and able to move off the land and move again whenever necessary. And large families cannot move from place to place as smaller families. So, at present people tend to have smaller families.In the future, because of industrialization, a typical family will be required to move even more often than now, so families will be even smaller. The typical family may remain childless and consist only of a man and a woman. A small number of families may take raising children as their chief work. At the same time they may also raise other peoples children, leaving those families free to move from job to job.（1）Which of the following topics is discussed in the passage? A . The development of science and industry in America.B . The influence of science and industry on American families.C . Harmful effect of industrialization.D . Social problems resulting from the highly-developed science and industry in America.（2）What kinds of families are described in the passage? A . Families of the past and the present.B . Families of the present and the future.C . Families of the past and the future.D . Families of the past, the present and the future.（3）What is one of the reasons that families are getting smaller in America? A . Children tend to leave their parents and grandparents when they grow up.B . People stop caring for children.C . The need for workers who are able to move at any time has been increasing.D . Both old and young people prefer to live by themselves.（4）What can you infer from the passage? A . Science and industry have caused thousands of families to split(破裂).B . Children do not live with their parents or grandparents.C . Large families can hardly survive in modern society.D . Americans are very choosy about their jobs.9. （10分） One of the most famous scientists to study adaptations(适应能力) was Charles Darwin(达尔文). He was born in England in 1809. He wasnt the best student in his school, but when he was 16, his father sent him to a medical school. Charles liked spending time outdoors observing(观察) nature more than having medical classes. He dropped out without graduating.Next, Charles father sent him to school to become a minister(牧师). This time he made it to graduation, but he didnt want to do the work of a minister. His friends encouraged him to follow his interest in science.Luckily, Charles was invited to sail on the Beagle as an unpaid scientist after graduation. The Beagle was to travel to South America and then around the world. Their task was to make maps of the places they visited.On December 27th, 1831. Charles Darwin sailed from England on the Beagle. The trip was planned to last two years. In fact, it lasted five. During this time, he saw many amazing things. He collected lots of plants and animals and took them back to England to begin his scientific study.Twenty-three years later, Darwin published a scientific paper with another man named Wallace. Darwin described how some animals have adaptations that help them survive. They are passed on to offspring(后代). Darwins ideas about adaptations are still very important to the study of living things. （1）Darwin was very interested in _.A . having medical classesB . the work of a ministerC . sailing around the worldD . science and nature（2）The trip on the Beagle lasted _ years.A . fiveB . fourC . threeD . two（3）When Darwin published the scientific paper, he was _ years old.A . twentyB . twenty-threeC . forty-fiveD . fifty（4）The underlined word They in the last paragraph refers to _.A . adaptationsB . Darwin and WallaceC . animalsD . Darwins ideas10. （10分）T he new book Harry Potter and the Half-Blood is warmly welcomed by the children in China. It sells well across China. You can see and hear the advertisements about the book here and there.Why is the book so attractive to children? After reading it, I was attracted by the magic world. I cannot help asking: where is our own Harry Potter?China has a long history and colorful culture. With a large market of teenagers, China published(出版)many popular books among children. However, why are the present books not as good as those foreign ones?Firstly, quite a number of childrens books are written for teaching, and they have little interest. Reading them, children often have a feeling of being “educated”. Certainly, they dont like them. Secondly, fewer children like the same stories, but most Chinese books are usually much the same. One knows the ending as early as in the beginning. Finally, the writers seldom think about childrens needs.First-class Reading, for children should be interesting, and written in their language.（1）About the present Chinese childrens books, which is NOT right?A . They have little interest.B . Our writers seldom know childrens needs.C . Most of them are the same.D . They are better than foreign ones.（2）Harry Potter is so popular, because_.A . its the same as Chinese booksB . it can lead children into a wonderful worldC . its not written in c