老师2014届高考英语《定语从句》专题复习-王二毛.doc

2014届高考英语定语从句专题复习王二毛一、知识要点1二、思维指导10三、主要考点13四、易错点16五、高考母题19一、知识要点定语从句（一）基本概念1.由一个句子作定语，修饰句中一个名词或代词，有时也可以修饰整个句子或句中的部分内容，这样的从句就是定语从句，被其修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。2.关系词分为两大类，即关系代词和关系副词，其作用一是引出一个定语从句，二是代替其所修饰的先行词，三是在句中充当某个句子成分。关系词的分类和基本用法表一分类指代引导词关系代词人who, whom, that, as事物which, that, as人或物（表所属关系）whose关系副词地点where时间when原因why表二 关系代词指代例句解释who人The man who helped you is Mr White.在定从中作主语whomThat is the person(whom/who/that) you want to see.在定从中作宾语，可省略whoseHe is the father whose son studies very well in our class.在定从中作定语thatIm not the fool that you thought me to be.在定从中作表语asHe is such a lazy man as nobody wants to work with.在定从中作宾语that事物The only thing that we can do is to give you some advice.在定从中作宾语whichA dictionary is a useful book which tells us the meaning of words在定从中作主语whoseHe lives in a room whose window faces south在定从中作定语asIt is such a big stone as nobody can lift.在定从中作宾语整句内容As is known to all, he is the best student.在定从中作主语表三 关系副词指代例句解释when时间Would you suggest a time when we can have a talk?在定从中作状语where地点The house where they live is not very large.在定从中作状语why原因This is the reason why he did not came to the meeting.在定从中作状语（二）定语从句的注意点本部分的内容比较复杂，为便于考生一目了然，我们试图用表格的形式呈现给考生。1.that与which, who, whom的用法区别情 况用法说明例 句只用that的情况先行词为all, everything, anything, nothing, little, much,等不定代词时先行词被all, any, every, each, much, little, no, some, few等修饰时先行词有形容词最高级和序数词修饰时先行词既指人又指物时先行词被the only, the very修饰时句中已经有who或which时，为了避免重复时He told me everything that he knows.All the books that you offered has been given out.This is the best film that I have ever read.We talked about the persons and things that we remembered.He is the only man that I want to see.Who is the man that is making a speech?只用which, who, whom的情况在非限制性定语从句中，只能用which指代物，用who/whom指人在由“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中，只能用which指物，whom指人。先行词本身是that时，关系词用which, 先行词为those, one, he时多用who。He has a son, who has gone abroad for further study.I like the person to whom the teacher is talking.Those who respect others are usually respected by others.只用that，in which或不用关系词的情况the way做先行词时Mary,there is one way that you could stop others talking about you and criticizing you.I was struck by the beauty of the way in which she stood.What surprised me was not what he said but _ he said it.A. the way B. in the way that C. in the way D. the way which2.as、which和that的区别从句区 别例 句限制性定语从句中名词前有such和the same修饰时，关系代词用as,不能用whichHe is not such a fool as he looks.Dont read such books as you cant understand. 非限制性定语从句中as和which都可以指代前面整个主句。如果有“正如，象”的含义，并可以放在主句前，也可以放在后面，那么用as；而which引导的从句只能放主句后，并无“正如”的意思。They won the game, as we had expected.They won the game, which we hadnt expected.As is well known, he is a famous film star in the 1980s.the same. as和the same .thatthe same. as指同类事物the same .that 指原物Thats the same tool as I used last week.（同类工具，不是同一把）Thats the same tool that I used last week.那就是我上周用过的工具。3. where、when与why引导的定语从句关系副词用 法例 句where关系副词where引导定语从句时，只能在定语从句中作地点状语，其修饰的名词必须是表示(具体或抽象的)地点的名词。Were just trying to teach a point_both sides will sit down together and talk.A. where B. that C. when D. whichwhen关系副词 when引导定语从句时, 只能在定语从句中作时间状语，其修饰的名词必须是表示时间的名词。There was _time _I hated to go to school.A. a; that B. a; when C. the; that D. the ; whenwhy关系副词why引导定语从句时，只能在定语从句中作原因状语，其修饰的名词必须是表示原因的名词。Do you know the reason why she was put into prison ? 你知道她坐牢的原因吗？4.“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句当关系代词作介词宾语，且该介词不是和从句的谓语动词构成固定短语时，介词可以提前，这样就出现“介词+关系代词”。先行词指物，用“介词+which/whose”,指人则用“介词+whom/whose”, 且两个关系代词均不能省略。介词的选择要遵循两个原则：原则内 容例 句原则一根据定语从句中谓语动词与先行词的搭配内容而定I saw a woman running toward me in the dark. Before I could recognize who she was，she had run back in the direction_she had come.A.of which B.by which C.in which D.from which此题考查由“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句，根据句意用from which表示“所来的那个方向”，故答案选原则二根据先行词而定There are two buildings , _ stands nearly a hundred feet high.A. the larger B. the larger of them C. the larger one that D. the larger of which the larger of which指代the larger of the two buildings ，which 在定语从句中指代 building，作介词of的宾语，故答案为。5.定语从句与先行词被分割开来的现象定语从句一般紧接被它所修饰的先行词；但有时候它和先行词之间有可能插入其他成分，使它与先行词分隔开来，这种定语从句叫作被分隔的定语从句，在阅读文章时会经常遇到这种情况，在阅读是要注意识别先行词的修饰对象。现 象例 句在定语从句加中插入语，常见的有：I think ,I suppose ,I guess ,I imagine等。辨别的方法是：去掉插入语后，原句句法结构仍然完整。-Is that the small town you often refer to? - Right, just the one _ you know I used to work for years. A.that B. which C.where D.what work是不及物动词，先行词one在定语从句中只能作地点状语，You know 在句中作插入语，所以答案选 。He made another wonderful discovery ,_of importance to science .A.which I think is B. which I think it is C. which I think it D. I think is这里I think 是插入语，which 引导非限制性定语从句，故选A。在先行词与定语从句之间插入一个状语There are many thousands of stars in the sky that are like the sun.在太空中有成千上万的象太阳般的星星。乍一看，that引导的定语从句在名词sky的后面，似乎应该是修饰sky的。但仔细一想，” 不对啊， 天空怎么能象太阳呢？“，原来that引导的定语从句被in the sky这个地点 状语分隔开来，修饰中心词stars。在先行词与定语从句之间插入一个定语Do you remember one afternoon ten years ago when I came to your house and borrowed a diamondnecklace?你还记得吗，十年前的一天下午，我来到你家，找你借了一条钻石项链？when I came to your house and borrowed a diamond necklace实际上是修饰afternoon而不是修饰 years。ten years ago 实际上是定语后置修饰afternoon。先行词与定语从句被谓语分隔开来。此时，先行词通常是句子的主语，因定语从句较长，主句谓语较短，为使句子平衡，常将定语从句移至谓语之后A new master will come tomorrow who will teach you German.6.定语从句与其它从句（句型）的区别类 别区 别例 句定语从句与并列句定语从句与并列句的主要区别在于：并列句有像and，but，so等并列连词或两个句子用分号连接，这时就不能再用引导定语从句的关系词了。Mr Li has three daughters，none of _ is an engineer Mr Li has three daughters，but none of _ is a dancer从结构上看，小题是定语从句，故填whom；小题有并列连词but，是并列句，故填代词 them。定语从句与状语从句定语从句的前面有名词作先行词，而状语从句没有先行词。This is the place where we used to live a few years ago. 这是几年前我们居住的地方。（定语从句，先行词为the place）Lets go where we can find a better job. 我们到能找到更好的工作的地方去吧。（地点状语从句）定语从句修饰、限制、说明名词，只能放在先行词的后面，而状语从句说明动作发生的情况，并且可以放在主句的前面。Do you know the time when the class is over? 你知道下课的时间吗？（定语从句）It was already five oclock when the class was over.=When the class was over, it was already five oclock. 当下课时己经是5点了。（时间状语从句）When, where和why在引导定语从句时可以用“介词which”的结构来替换，在引导状语从句时却不行。This is the factory in which (where) his father once worked. 这就是他的父亲曾经工作过的那个工厂。（定语从句）Put back the book where it was. 把书放回原处。（状语从句）定语从句中的关系词在从句中充当某种句子成分，因此去掉它则从句成分不完整；而结果状语从句中的连接词在从句中不作任何成分，去掉后从句的成分仍然完整。It is such an interesting book as we all like. 它是我们大家都喜欢的如此有趣的书。（as用作动词like的宾语，它引导的是定语从句）It is such an interesting book that we all like it. 它是一本如此有趣的书，我们大家都喜欢它。（that不充当句子成分，故它引导的是结果状语从句）定语从句与同位语从句定语从句在复合句中相当于形容词，对先行词起修饰、描述或限制的作用，与先行词之间有从属关系。同位语的作用相当于名词，对前面的名词给予补充说明或进一步解释，是前面名词的具体内容,与先行词之间是同位关系。The news that she had passed the exam made her parents very happy. 她考试及格的消息使她父母亲很高兴。（同位语从句）此句中的同位语从句 The news that she had passed the exam 可以改写成表语从句：The news is that he passed the exam. The news that he told us interested all of us.他告诉我们的消息使大家都感兴趣。（定语从句）The news that he told us 是定语从句，此句不能改写为：The news is that he toldus.定语从句与强调句强调句的结构为“It iswas被强调部分that从句”。被强调部分可以是除谓语以外的任何成分，当被强调部分是人时，还可用who代替that。这一句型中，一定不能因为被强调部分是表时间或地点的词就用when或where代替 that。It is on the morning of May 1st _ I met Liang Wei at the airport It is the factory _ Mr Wang works从结构上看：小题是强调句，故填 that。小题则是定语从句，用上述方法转换便知the factory前差个介词in，故填 where。此外还要注意下列两点：定语从句与习惯句型 用一个恰当的词完成下列句子，使之完整与正确。 It is the first time _ she has been in Shanghai It was the time _ Chinese people had a hard life 解析：这里小题是一个习惯句型，其结构为：It iswas the firstsecond time that从句。故填that，其意为：这是她第一次在上海。小题the time是先行词，其后是表示时间的定语从句，故填 when。定语从句与简单句 用一个恰当的词完成下列句子，使之完整与正确。 The mother told the lazy boy to work，_ didnt help The mother told the lazy boy to work_ didnt help 解析：含有定语从句的复合句与两个单句的主要区别在于：前者有主句，有从句，必须有关系词；而后者则是两个单独的句子，不需要任何关联词。小题两个句子用逗号连接且没有并列连词，显然应是主从句关系，因此需用关系词which，前面整个句子作先行词；小题则填It，代替前面的整个句子。解题时，注意标点符号的运用。二、思维指导定语从句是英语语法学习中的难点，从某种意义上说，这些从句的学习是整个英语学习过程中的关键。因此，近几年新课标地区及其他省市的高考英语试卷中都考查了定语从句。高考对于定语从句的考查主要集中在：(1)引导定语从句的关系代词和关系副词的选择；(2)非限制性定语从句(特别是先行词是整个句子时)引导词aswhich的辨析；(3)由whose，where，that，as和“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句，(4)连接词whichthatwhat的辨析；(5)where引导的定语从句、状语从句和名词性从句的辨析；(6)定语从句与强调句型的辨析；(7)带介词的定语从句中介词的选用。1注意知识积累。掌握基本句型高考备考时，应加强对从句语法特征和语意特征的思考和学习，形成纯正的英语思维能力。注意相似句型的积累，比较其结构和意义。在平日的阅读过程中，遇到从句的时候，要停下来，考虑分析其功能和意义。例如： There was _ time _ I hated to go to school. A a; that B a; when C the; that D the; when 【解析】 正确答案是B。这里既考查了先行词time表示“时期、时代”时前面用不定冠词a，又考查了关系副词when代替表时间的名词在定语从句中充当时间状语的用法。 2分析句子成分，判断从从句功能。遇到考查句法的题目时，要通读全句，首先考虑是不是某种句型，如强调句型；题干句若是疑问句，首先把它恢复为正常语宇；观察设空的前前后后，确定相关从句的性质；确定从句性质后?回忆相关从句的用法特点，从而做出取舍；注意标点符号和并列连词(and，but)的作用；将选项代入句子，看前后是否语意贯通。例如：Was it in the village_we used to live in_the accident happened? A. where; that B. which; that C. that; where D. where; which 【解析】 正确答案是B。本题题意为“是在我们过去住过的村里发生了这起事故”。第一个空需要定语从句引导词which，在从句中当in的介词宾语,第二个是强调句型的that 。先把问句转换为陈述语序，然后分析强调句型中被强调部分带有一个定语从句。在定语从句中，当先行词是表示地点的词时，关系代词与关系副词的选择近三年全国各地区考查定语从句的题目中这类题目有12道。【例题1】York， I visited last year，is a nice old cityAthat Bwhich Cwhere Din which【解题指导】在高考考查定语从句试题中，有许多题目中的先行词是表示地点的名词，要正确判断用关系代词还是关系副词，要看引导词在从句中所作的成分。如果引导词在从句中作状语，则用where，否则用that或which。考生可以采用补全法，即根据句意把从句补充完整，补上去的部分在从句中所作的成分就是引导词在从句中所作的成分，就可以很容易地确定用关系代词还是用关系副词了。【解析】B。采用补全法把从句补充完整：I visited York last year，很容易看出，补上去的成分作了动词visit的宾语，故用关系代词，因此答案为B。在定语从句中。“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中介词的选择近三年全国各地区考查定语从句的题目中这类题目有10道。【例题2】As soon as you get home from school，think about the order you will do homework and how much time you will spend on each oneAof which Bin which Cthrough which Dat which【解题指导】在历年的高考试题中，”介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句试题频繁出现，其中关于介词的确定，考生可以采用还原法，把从句补充完整，建立与主句的关系，以便发现这个介词与句中其他部分的联系。可以从两个方面考虑：1从句子的意思角度考虑；2从搭配角度考虑。【解析】B。此题从搭配人手，inorder“意为”按照顺序”，此题即可迎刃而解。定语从句与并列句的区别近三年全国各地区考查定语从句的题目中这类题目有6道。【例题3】The doctor advised Vera strongly that she should take a holiday， didnt helpAit Bshe Cwhich Dhe【解题指导】首先看句子中是否有连词。有连词则是并列句，如无连词，而是对一个名词进行补充说明，则是非限制性定语从句(标志是：名词后有一个逗号)。【解析】C。此句中无并列连词，因此是非限制性定语从句，故用关系代词which，用来指代前面整个主句的内容。【例题4】Tne doctor advised Vera strongly that she should take a holiday，but didnt helpAit Bshe Cwhich Dhe【解题指导】看清本题的关键词but。【解析】A。因为句中有并列连词but，所以构成了并列句，因此用代词it来指代前面所述之事。定语从句中的几个特殊先行词：point。casesituation近三年全国各地区考查定语从句的题目中有5道考查了先行词为point，situation，case时引导词的选择。【例题5】As a result of our serious staff shortages，the situation has risen we have to hire graduating college students for helpAthat Bwhen Cwhere Das【解题指导】英语中有几个词point，situation，case等，从表面上看它们不是表地点的，但却表示类似地点的意义，因此它们作先行词时，如果引导词在从句中作状语，那么这个引导词要用where；如果不作状语，则用关系代词thatwhich。【解析】C。把从句补充完整：we have to hire graduating college students for help in the situation，可以看出，引导词在从句中作状语，故用关系副词，因此答案为c。【例题6】Now there is just one point 1 wish you to make quite clearAwhere Bwhich Cwhether Dwhen【解题指导】做本题的关键是掌握句中名词point在此处的用法。【解析】B。把从句补充完整：1 wish you to make the point quite clear，可以看出，引导词在从句中作make的宾语，故用关系代词，因此答案为B。三、主要考点定语从句考点1 “介词+关系代词which/whom”中介词和关系代词的选择介词后作宾语的关系代词为历年高考考查的重点，一般来讲有两个：指人时只能用whom，指物时只能用which。当然关系代词作定语时也可用whose。如：The pen with which he wrote was made in China他写字用的钢笔是中国制造的。The train on which Tom travelled to Canada was very fast汤姆到加拿大去时乘坐的火车速度非常快。The teacher in front of whose house stands a tall tree is very patient with his students那位老师对他的学生非常有耐心，他家的房子前面有一棵大树。考点2 as与which引导的非限制性定语从句的判定1as引导的从句表示说话人对话语的看法、态度、解释或评论。(1)此时的as意为“正如，正像”。翻译时有时可不必译出。如：You are clever，as all those who know you can see你很聪明，所有认识你的人都能看出来。(2)在句法上，as常用作一些实义动词(如see，know，hear，watch，remember，say，tell，show，expect，guess等)的宾语，这类动词与as几乎成了一种固定搭配。如：As we all know，China is becoming stronger and stronger众所周知，中国正变得越来越强大。(3)as引导的从句可以前置(而which引导的从句则不可)。如：As is a fact，Mike is expected to make a top student这是一个事实，迈克有望成为一名顶尖的学生。特别提示主句中出现the same，such，so修饰先行词时，要选择as作关系代词，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，此时as引导的是限制性定语从句。另外要注意：(1)the samethat与the sameas引导的定语从句在意义上的区别：前者修饰的名词与原物是同一个东西；而后者修饰的是与先行词同类型的另一样东西。试比较：This is the same bag that I lost yesterday这正是我昨天丢失的那个书包。(同一个书包)This is the same bag as I lost yesterday这个书包和我昨天丢失的那个一样。(同类型的另一个)(2)such/soas和such /sothat结构不同，as引导定语从句，而that引导状语从句。如：They talked in such simple English as children could understand他们用孩子们能听懂的简单的英语交谈。(定语从句，as代替先行词simple English作understand的宾语)He shut the window with such a force that the glass broke他如此用力地关窗，结果玻璃碎了。(结果状语从句，that引导的从句表示用力关窗导致的结果)2which引导的此类从句对主句所叙述的事情进行补充说明，表明事物的状态或结果。(1)which此时指前面主句所提到的，常译为“这一点，这件事”等。主句与从句通常要用逗号隔开，且从句只能位于被修饰句子的后面。如：He works very well，which makes his boss satisfied他工作干得不错，这使得他的老板很满意。(2)which在句法上一般用作实义动词的主语，这时它所引导的从句与主句之间常含有并列、因果关系。如：She succeeded in the competition，which satisfied her parents她在比赛中取得成功，这使得她的父母很满意。(3)在从句中作定语或介词的宾语时，要用which。如：He often works far into the night，by which time everyone else has left the office他通常工作到深夜，到那时其他人已下班了。特别提示高考一般不考查as与which引导非限制性定语从句的区别，但近年高考试题中出现过这个考点。一般来说，如果从句的含义是顺接主句的叙述，那么这两个词都可以使用；如果从句的含义是对主句的否定，或者语意不是顺接的，则只能用which。如：He came late to school，which/as was what we had expected他上学迟到了，这是我们意料中的。He came late to school，which surprised US a11他上学迟到了，这让我们所有人都很惊讶。(不可用as)考点3 关系代词、关系副词引导定语从句的辨别关系代词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语或表语；而关系副词在定语从句中充当时间、地点、原因等状语。一般来说，关系副词在语义上相当于”介词+which”结构。试比较：Ill never forget the days which I spent with you我不会忘记我们在一起度过的岁月。(which在定语从句中作spent的宾语)Ill never forget the days when(=in which)we studied in Beijing我永远不会忘记我们一起在北京学习的时光。(when在定语从句中作时间状语，studied在此处为不及物动词，后面不再接宾语)考点4 定语从句的间隔现象定语从句一般紧接被它修饰的先行词，但有时候它和先行词之间有可能插入其他成分，使它与先行词分隔开来，这种定语从句叫做被分隔的定语从句。在这种情况下，对关系词的准确判断显得相当重要，而且在阅读文章时会经常遇到这种情况，在阅读时要注意识别。一般来说，定语从句被分割开来大致有以下三种情况：在先行词与定语从句之间插入一个状语、定语，或被谓语动词分隔开。如：Do you remember one afternoon ten years ago when I came to your house and borrowed a diamond necklace?你还记得十年前的一天下午，我来到你家，找你借了一条钻石项链吗?(先行词one afternoon与定语从句被状语ten years ago分隔开了)A new teacher will eOlTle tomorrow who will teach you German明天，一位新老师将来教你们德语。(先行词a new teacher与定语从句被谓语部分和时间状语will come tomorrow隔开了)关系代词在下列情况下常省略：(1)作及物动词的宾语时；(2)作介词的宾语，当关系代词与介词分开使用时，可以省略。但若是关系代词与介词连用，则不能省略。如：The coat(that)I put on the desk is blue我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。(作动词put的宾语)who is the teacher(whom)Li Ming is talking to?正在与李明谈话的老师是谁?(作介词to的宾语)Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel请告诉我你从谁那儿借的这本英文小说。(关系代词不能省略)有些句型结构如同位语从句、状语从句和强调句与定语从句结构较相似，稍不认真就会出错。1定语从句与同位语从句的区别定语从句是对其先行词的修饰或限制，属于形容词性从句的范畴；而同位语从句是对前面抽象名词的进一一步说明和解释，属于名词性从句的范畴。如：He makes a promise that if he Call get the job，he will work hard to make as much money as he can for the eompany他许诺如果他能获得那份工作，他将努力为公司挣尽可能多的钱。(that引导的同位语从句是对先行词a promise的进一步解释和说明)Mikes parents made a special promise to Tom that surprisedTom迈克的父母对汤姆许下了一个特别的诺言，这使得汤姆很惊奇。(that引导的定语从句是对先行词promise的修饰和限制)2定语从句与强调句的区别定语从句和强调句的判断方法：若将句中的“It is/wasthat/who”去掉，而句子不缺成分，结构完整，说明原句是强调句。如：It was in 1 998 that the flood destroyed many houses in Jiangxi在1998年，洪水毁坏了江西地区很多的房屋。(强调句)(判断方法：如果去掉it was和that，剩下in 1998 the flood destroyed many houses in Jiangxi，句子结构完整，可判定原句为强调句)3定语从句与状语从句的区别定语从句在句子中作定语，修饰名词、代词或句子；并且，这个被修饰的名词、代词或句子称为先行词，通常放在定语从句之前。状语从句在句子中作状语，修饰动词；通常不同的状语从句有不同的连词，位置较灵活，通常放在句首或句末，有时也放在句中。以where为例来说明：Lets have a short meeting where we met last time我们在上次见面的地方开个短会吧。(Where we met last time是地点状语从句，在句中作地点状语，表示开会的地方)This is the place where we had a meeting last time这就是我们上次开会的地方。(Where we had a meeting last time是定语从句，在句中作定语修饰the place)四、易错点易错角度 1 正确区分关系代词与关系副词的用法1. I Walked in our garden, Tom and Jim were trying a big sign onto one of the trees.A. which B. when C. where D. that【错解】 B【纠错心得】 以句意来看很容易把本题当作是一个时间状语从句或是等立连词when引导的从句.根据题干分析，后者是用来说明Tom and Jim要做的事情的地点，也就是说应该用定语从句来修饰和说明情况的，故填 where来，引导非限制性定语从句。【答案】 C2.The famous basketball star, _tried to make a comeback, attracted a lot of attention.A. Where B. When C. Which D. Who【错解】 C【纠错心得】 考生认为“that不可引导非限制性定语从句，那就只填which了”。做定语从句时，考生应分析该定语从句缺什么成分，再看先行词，然后确定是填关系代词还是关系副词；本题是道非限制性定语从句题，而且该从句中很明显缺主语，故A、B不行，C项which指代物，不能指代人，故选D。【答案】 D3. I Can think of many cases students obviously knew a lot of English words and ex pressions but couldnt write a good essay.A. Why B. Which C. as D. where【错解】 B【纠错心得】 很多同学没分析从句结构，一看先行词“cases”指物就断定选B.分析从句结构知:缺状语，再根据先行词cases(情形，情景)，根据句意“在很多情景里”故选D.Where，也可用“in which”.【答案】 D易错角度 2 对介词后接关系代词而不接关系副词的考查；介词是用which还是用whom；介词如何确定1 Why does she always ask you for help?There is no one else ,is there?A. who to turn to B. she can turn to C. for whom to turn D. for her to turn【错解】 D或C【纠错心得】 按照习惯的思维是介词for可以表示“对”，但本题是固定短词turn to表示“向某人求助”的意思，固定短语中的介词一般不提前置于关系代词之前。选项A中who是多余的，不定式可直接用作后置定语。【答案】 B2.The joureny around the world took the old sailor nine months, the sailing time was 226 days.A. of which B. during which C. from which D. for which【错解】 B【纠错心得】 考生曲解了定语从句的含义。根据题意“这位老船员花了九个月的时间环游世界，其中航海时间是226天”选B、C、D，有悖原意，故选A【答案】 A3.Alec asked the policeman _ he worked to contact him whenever there was an accident.A. with him B. who C. with whom D. whom【错解】 A【纠错心得】 考生知道“work with sb”(与起工作)而没考虑到“him”不是关系代词而错选A“work with sb”+ 关系代词，当先行词为“人”时，应用whom，故选C。【答案】 C易错角度 3 关系代词as的用法1._ has been announced, we shall have our final exams next month.A. That B. As C. It D. What【错解】 D【纠错心得】 考生把此题误当作主语从句来解.本题考查的是as引导的非限制性定语从句，指代后面句子整体；表示“正如”，句意为“正如所宣布的，下月我们将进行期末考试”故选B。【答案】 B2.The word “write ”has the same pronunciation _ the word “right”A. of B. as C. to D. from【错解】 C【纠错心得】 考生不明白此题在考查as引导的限制性定语从句用法。as引导的限制性定语从句既可指人又可指物，它只能替代由sach，the same等修饰的先行词，故选B。【答案】 B五、高考母题1.(2013高考英语上海秋季卷,38)Wind power is an ancient source of energy _ we may return in the near future.A. on which B. by which C. to which D. from which【答案】C【解析】此处考查的是介词加疑问词引导定语从句 。考察介词+which的用法。=Wind power is an ancient source of energy which/that we may return to in the near future. 2.(2013高考英语重庆卷,28)In china, the number of cities is increasing _ _ _development is recognized across the world.A. whereB. whichC. whoseD. that【答案】C【解析】考查定语从句。development与先行词cities之间是所属关系，所以选whose。句意是：在中国，城市的数量在增加，城市的发展被全世界意识到。3.(2013高考英语浙江卷,3)The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people, many of _ left their village homes for a better life in the city. Awhom Bwhich Cthem Dthose【答案】A【解析】本题考查定语从句引导词。由many之后的逗号和选项特征，此处是主从句关系，排除C、D项。由于先行词是“1,000 people”，表示人，故用whom。句意为：这里居住着将近1000人，他们中的许多人都背井离乡去城市追求更好的生活。4.(2013高考英语天津卷,8)Can you believe I had to pay 30 dollars for a haircut?You should try the barbers _ I go. Its only 15.A. as B. which C. where D. that【答案】 C【解析】考察定语从句引导词。句意为：“你能相信我不得不花30美元剪头吗？你应该到我去的那家理发店试试。才花15美元。”从句中go是不及物动词，不能接宾语，而本句是定语从句修饰先行词the barbers，先行词在定语从句中智能做地点状语，选C。ABD三项在从句中作主语和宾语，故排除。5.(2013高考英语四川卷,10)After graduating from college，I took some time off to go travelling，_ turned out to be a wise decisionAthat Bwhich Cwhen Dwhere【答案】B【解析】考查定语从句。此处为which引导的非限制性定语从句，which代替前边整个句子。句意为:“大学毕业后，我们休假一段时间后去旅游，这证明结果是个明智的决定。”6.(2013高考英语上海春季卷,40)Samuel survived when the car _ he was a passenger in turned off the road and hit a tree.Awhere Bthat Cas Dwhy【答案】B【解析】定语从句。做好定语从句试题的关键是，在主句中教出先行词，然后把先行词代入从句中，判断其在从句牛的成分。此处先行词the car在从句中作in的宾语，应该斥关系代词which或者that。因此选B项。7.(2013高考英语陕西卷,11)The old temple _ _