先行词关系代词定语从句教案.doc

二、 定语从句1、功能：相当于形容词，修饰名词或代词，在句中作定语2、位置：定语从句主要置于被修饰词之后Those who are willing to attend the party, sign here please.You told me to take anything that I wanted.The building which they are visiting was built last year.3、先行词：被定语从句修饰的词称为先行词antecedent1) The man who lives next to us is a policeman. -先行词 关系代词 定语从句2) You must do everything that I do. - -先行词 关系代词 定语从句（1）先行词一般是名词和不定代词，如:some-, any-, every-和no与-body, -thing的合成词；或all、none、any、some、that、those等代词。数词也可以作先行词，人称代词也同样可作先行词。The old man whose son is in the army is my uncle.Pay attention to everything (that )I do.There are two who signed up for(报名参加) it in my class.He ,who led theUnited States through these years ,was shot on April 14,1965.（2）先行词与关系词是等量关系。必须注意两点：先行词在从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的数由先行词而定。This is the place which is worth visiting.These are the places which are worth visiting.关系词在从句句子中充当了成分，其意思就是先行词的意义，所以在从句中不能重复其意。There are many places that we can visit（them）in China.4、关系词：引导定语从句的词被称为关系词关系代词的作用; 1.连接主句和从句。2.代表被修饰的先行词。3.在定语从句做一个句子成分。关系代词：先行词是人-who, whom, that, whose, as。 先行词是物- which, that, whose, as。关系副词：when, where, why, how .that偶尔也作关系副词。5、确定关系词的步骤（1）先找先行词，看先行词指的是什么。（2）看关系词在从句中所充当的成分。6、定语从句的种类（1）限定性定语从句：先行词和从句之间没有逗号隔开的This is the place which is worth visiting.（2）非限定性定语从句：先行词和从句之间有逗号隔开的He , who led the United States through these years ,was shot on April 14,1965.（3）限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句从句与先行词的关系从句是先行词不可缺少的定语，如果省去，主句的意思就会不完整或不明确。从句只是对先行词的附加说明，如果省去,主句的意思仍然清楚或完整标 点从句和主句之间不用逗号分开从句和主句之间通常用逗号分开修饰从句只修饰一个名词或代词可以修饰一个名词或代词也可修饰整个主句翻译定语从句译在被修饰词的前面定语从句通常被译成另一个独立的句子注意：当先行词为专有名词或是世界上独一无二的名词时，一般用非限定性定语从句修饰。The sun, which gives us light, is very big.He has a brother who is a physicist.He has a brother, who is a physicist. (只有一个)He returned all the books which are written in English.He returned all the books, which are written in English.I will wear no clothes which will be out of ordinary.I will wear no clothes, which will be out of ordinary.The man who lives next door is a doctor.My sister, who lives next door, is a doctor.Im sure I know the person who served me.Tom, who served us, is the owner of the restaurant.A student who studies hard will make good progress.The student, who lives far from school, is the leader of their football match.