高中英语选修八Unit.doc

选修八 Unit 51. identify / adentfa; adntfa/ v (pt, pp -fied) sb/sth as sb/sth show, prove, etc who or what sb/sth is; recognize sb/sth (as being the specified person or thing) 确认 证明某人某事物; 鉴别出（系某人或某物）: Can you identify your umbrella among this lot? 你能在这些伞中认出你自己的那一把吗? She identified the man as her attacker. 她认出那个男人就是袭击过她的人. sth with sth consider sth to be identical with sth; equate two things 认为某事物与另事物等同: One cannot identify happiness with wealth. 幸福和财富不能混为一谈. with sb/sth to feel sympathy with someone or be able to share their feelings 认同某人或某物，与某人或某物有同感：He identified with our distress. 他体谅我们的痛苦。2. alternative / ltntv; ltntv/ adj attrib 作定语 available in place of sth else; other 可用以代替其它事物的; 另一可选用的; 其他的:find alternative means of transport 另找一个运输方法Have you got an alternative suggestion? 你有没有其它的建议? alternative n choice of two or more possibilities 可能性中的选择: You have the alternative of marrying or remaining a bachelor. 你可以结婚也可以仍做单身汉, 任你选择. Caught in the act, he had no alternative but to confess. 他被当场抓住, 除了招供别无出路. 常见搭配：have no alternative but to do sth. （除以外）别无选择there is no alternative 别无选择an alternative to 是的替代物；可以代替3. interrupt / ntrpt; ntrpt/ v break the continuity of (sth) temporarily 暂时中断或中止（某事物）: Trade between the two countries was interrupted by the war. 两国间贸易因战争而中断. We interrupt this programme to bring you a news flash. 我们中断节目, 报告新闻快讯. (sb/sth) (with sth) (贬) stop (sb) speaking, etc or (sth) happening by speaking oneself or by causing some other sort of disturbance 打断（某人）讲话; 打岔; 打扰: Dont interrupt (me) while Im busy! 我正忙着, 不要打搅我! 4. acute / kjut; kjut/ adj (-r, -st) very great; severe 极大的; 严重的: suffer acute hardship 遭受极大的苦难 * Theres an acute shortage of water. 严重缺水. (of feelings or the senses) keen; sharp; penetrating （指感觉或感官）敏锐的, 深刻的, 剧烈的: suffer acute pain, embarrassment, remorse, etc 感到剧烈的疼痛 极度的尴尬 深深的懊悔等Dogs have an acute sense of smell. 狗的嗅觉很敏锐. 5. assume / sjum; US sum; sum/ v accept (sth) as true before there is proof 假定; 假设; 设想; 以为: I am assuming that the present situation is going to continue. 我认为目前的情况将会继续下去. We must assume him to be innocent until he is proved guilty. 尚未证实他有罪, 就得假定他是清白的. assumed adj attrib 作定语 pretended; false 假装的; 假的: living under an assumed name 使用假名字活着.6. regardless adv (infml 口) paying no attention to sb/sth 不加理会; 不顾: I protested, but she carried on regardless. 我极力反对, 但她置之不理仍一意孤行. regardless of prep paying no attention to (sb/sth); heedless of 不理会（某人某事物）; 不顾: regardless of the consequences, danger, expense 不顾後果 危险 代价 He continued speaking, regardless of my feelings on the matter. 他不顾及我在此事上的感情继续往下说.7. 关于cut的词组：cut down (a) cause sth to fall down by cutting it at the base （自基础部分）砍倒: cut down a tree 砍倒一棵树. (b) reduce the length of sth; shorten sth 缩短某物; 删减某物: cut down a pair of trousers 把裤子改短(c) reduce the amount or quantity of sth; consume, use or buy less (of sth) 减少某事物的数额或数量; 减少消耗, 少用或少买（某物）: cut down ones expenses 减少开支 cut in (a) (of a vehicle or driver) move suddenly in front of another vehicle, leaving little space between the two vehicles （指车辆或司机）超车抢道: The lorry overtook me and then cut in (on me). 那辆卡车超越我的车後, 突然插入我前方的位置. (b) interrupt sb/sth 打断 打搅某人某事物 cut in (on sb/sth); cut into sth: She kept cutting in on/cutting into our conversation. 我们谈话时她老是插嘴.cut off(a) cut sb off (a) (常用於被动语态) interrupt sb speaking on the telephone by breaking the connection 切断电话线路使某人通话中断: We were cut off in the middle of our conversation. 我们正交谈时, 线路被切断了.(b) cut sb/sth off (from sb/sth) (常用於被动语态) prevent sb/sth from leaving or reaching a place or communicating with people outside a place 切断某人某事物的去路或来路; 使某人某事物与外界隔绝: an army cut off from its base 与基地失去联络的军队 The village was cut off (from the outside world) by heavy snow for a month. 村庄被大雪封住（而不能与外界联系）达一个月. cut out (a) (infml 口) leave sth out; omit sth 去掉或省略某事物: You can cut out the unimportant details. 你可以删掉不重要的细节. (b) (infml 口) stop doing, using or consuming sth 停止做某事; 停止使用或消耗某物: cut out sweets in order to lose weight 为了减轻体重而戒食糖果.cut up divide sth into small pieces with a knife, etc 用刀等把某物分成小块; 切碎; 剪碎:cut up vegetables把蔬菜切碎.8. significance / sgnfkns; snfkns/ n U meaning 意义; 意思: What is the significance of this symbol? 这个符号是什麽意思? importance 重大意义; 重要性: a speech of great significance 有重大意义的讲话 Few people realized the significance of the discovery. 很少有人意识到这一发现的重要性.9. somehow / smhau; smha/ (US also someway/ smwe; smwe/) indef adv in some way; by some means 以某种方式; 通过某种途径: We must stop him from seeing her somehow. 我们得想个办法不能让他再跟她来往.for a reason that is unknown or unspecified 由於未知的或未确指的原因: Somehow, I dont feel I can trust him. 不知什麽缘故, 我觉得不能信任他. 10. fed up / fed p; fd p/ adj pred 作表语 (with sb/sth) (infml 口) tired or bored; unhappy or depressed 厌倦; 厌烦; 不愉快; 沮丧: Whats the matter? You look pretty fed up. 怎麽啦? 你显得那麽不高兴. Im fed up with waiting for her to telephone. 我等她的电话都等得不耐烦了.11. wrinkle / rkl; rkl/ n (usu pl 通常作复数) small fold or line in the skin, esp one of those on the face that are caused by age （皮肤上的）皱纹（尤指老人脸上的）: Shes beginning to get wrinkles around her eyes. 她眼角上开始出现皱纹了. raised fold in a piece of material, eg paper or cloth; small crease（材料上的）皱纹（如纸上或布上的; 小褶: She pressed her skirt to try to remove all the wrinkles. 她熨她的裙子, 想把褶儿都熨平. wrinkle v (cause sth to) form wrinkles （使某物）形成皱纹或皱褶: The paper has wrinkled where it got wet. 这张纸湿的地方起皱褶了. 12. pulse / pls; pls/ n (通常作单数) regular beating of the arteries as blood is pumped through them by the heart, esp as felt at the wrist 脉搏: have a low, irregular, strong, weak, etc pulse 脉搏很慢 不规则 很强 很弱等 attrib 作定语 ones pulse rate, ie the number of times per minute that ones heart beats, as felt at the wrist 脉率（按脉所得每分钟的心跳数）.13. 关于look的词组：look ahead think about what is going to happen in the future 向前看; 为将来打算: Have you looked ahead to what youll be doing in five years time? 你是否想过五年後你要做些什麽?look forward to sth/doing sth anticipate sth with pleasure 欣然期待某事物: look forward to ones holidays, the weekend, a trip to the theatre 盼望放假 周末 去看戏 Were so much looking forward to seeing you again. 我们非常盼望再见到你.look into sth investigate or examine sth 调查或观察某事物: A working party has been set up to look into the problem. 已成立工作组调查该问题. His disappearance is being looked into by the police. 他失踪一事警方正在调查.look out (used in the imperative 用於祈使句) be careful; watch out 小心; 当心: Look out! Theres a car coming. 小心! 有辆汽车来了.look up (a) raise ones eyes 仰视: She looked up (from her book) as I entered the room. 我进屋时, 她（放下书）抬眼看了看.(b) search for (a word or fact) in a dictionary or reference book（在词典或参考书中）查阅（词或资料）:If you want to know how a word is used, look the word up in the Advanced Learners Dictionary. 要想了解某词的用法, 查高阶词典. Look up the time of the next train in the timetable. 查一下火车时刻表中下一趟车的时间. 14accelerate / kselret; kslret/ v make (sth) move faster or happen earlier; increase the speed of 使（某事物）加快; 促进（某事物）; 加速: accelerating the rate of growth 提高生长率. move or happen more quickly 加速; 加快:The car accelerated as it overtook me.那辆汽车一加速就超越了我. acceleration / kselren; kslren/ n U 1 making or being made quicker; increase in speed 加快; 促进; 加速: an acceleration in the rate of economic growth 经济发展速率的增长. 2 (of a vehicle) ability to gain speed （指车辆）加速性能: a car with good acceleration 加速性能良好的汽车.15arrest / rest; rst/ v seize (sb) with the authority of the law 依法逮捕, 拘留, 扣留（某人）: After the match three youths were arrested. 比赛过後有三个青年被捕. attract (sth) 吸引（某事物）: An unusual painting arrested his attention. 一幅异乎寻常的画引起了他的注意.16. date back to/from. have existed since 自某时代存在至今;追溯到: This castle dates (back) from the 14th century, ie was built then. 这座城堡建於14世纪. Our partnership dates back to (ie We have been partners since) 1960. 我们从1960年就合伙了.