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Unit 4 Astronomy- the science of the stars课时作业Using language.阅读理解A There was once a girl named Ivy. She hardly talked. There was something strange about her. During “Parent and Teacher meeting day”， only her mom would come. When she was asked about her father, she would just ignore the question. Ivy was bullied (欺凌) a lot. She would hide in the library, when the bullying made her sad. She wrote many poems because it was her only resource of relief from the cold reality. It was her dream to be a poet. The school year was coming to an end. It was Ivys least favorite school day, “Parent and Teacher meeting day”. A student asked where her dad was, and she ignored him and told the class that she was going to recite a poem. My fatherMy father was a happy man, never mad.Did I ever tell you he was a fireman?He saved lives and helped the poor.This makes me love him more.He always made me happy.By surprising me with white lilies.He was a great dancer.Too bad I could not see him because of his cancer.Do not worry father you are never too far.Because youre always in my heart. The whole class was silent. God knows what they felt. Was it sadness? Was it guilt? Was it pity? For a moment，they thought they could see her father. He gave her a white lily and disappeared into thin air. The whole class who was amazed by this sight gave her a round of applause (鼓掌). She was very happy because she felt lighthearted. The whole class learned something and that is to always cherish your loved ones because you never know when they might leave you.【文章大意】 本文为记叙文，题材为人物故事类。名叫Ivy的女孩很少提及她的父亲，就连家长会也都是她的母亲参加，这让大家很奇怪。一次家长会上，她给大家读了一首自己创作的诗，大家的疑惑才得以消除，并由此懂得了要珍惜眼前人这一道理。1. What was strange about the girl?AThat she hardly talked. BThat she was often bullied.CThat she would ignore questions.DThat she rarely mentioned her father.解析：D细节理解题。根据文章第一段可知，她很少提及自己的父亲，而且都是她的母亲出席家长会，当问及和父亲相关问题的时候，她也总是选择回避。2. Why did she write many poems?ABecause she was a poem enthusiast.BBecause she had to release her emotions.CBecause she was required to do so.DBecause she was a poet at an early age.解析：B推理判断题。根据文章第二段中it was her only resource of relief from the cold reality可知，诗歌创作是她发泄情绪的唯一途径。3. What do we know about her father from the poem?AHe died from cancer. BHe went to a faraway place.CHe was once mad at the little girl.DHe cared little about othersinterests.解析：A推理判断题。根据诗中的Too bad I could not see him because of his cancer. Do not worry father you are never too far. Because youre always in my heart可知，她的父亲在和癌症做斗争时不幸去世了。4. What is the message conveyed in the text?ANever tease other people. BLearn to appreciate poems.CValue those you love. DPractice kindness in daily life.解析：C细节理解题。根据文章最后一段可知，作者想通过这篇文章传达一个信息：我们不知道未来和意外哪一个会先来，所以要珍惜当下，珍惜眼前人。B Some child development researchers have suggested that babies can start recognizing sign language at the age of six months. While this may seem like an idea that cant fail, there are several factors to consider when thinking of introducing sign language into your babys development. Baby signing is made up of simple gestures closely linked to the word/action being signed. It is important to start with very basic signs, for those ideas your child is familiar with, such as “eat”， “drink” and “milk” It is recommended to start this signing roughly between the ages of 69 months, and follow your babys lead when it comes to devising gestures, for example observe what interests your baby and develop actions for these. It is important to always speak when signing, and never attempt it in silence. Equally, speaking slowly and clearly, but with a natural tone, as well as keeping each sentence limited to one particular sign are key factors to stick to. Signing can be quite beneficial when a child wants to communicate at an age when their spoken language is simply not developed enough to make this happen. However, although there is no evidence that signing delays (耽搁) the development of a childs speech, it is a concern for many parents that signing will take over the development of their childs speech, causing problems later in their years. Research has suggested that babies learning sign as a first language produce their first signs slightly earlier than babies produce their first spoken words, therefore it can be a worry that sign language becomes the standard for children, even as their speech develops. On the positive, sign language can help babys understanding and their expression of language before their development is at a level when they can physically speak it; therefore it can help beat frustration (挫折), alongside allowing you to meet your babys needs quickly, causing less upset.【文章大意】本文为说明文，题材为家庭教育类。研究表明，婴儿在六个月时已经具备了理解手势语的能力，但父母们应当如何在婴儿的语言能力形成之前利用手势同婴儿有效沟通呢？本文就此给出建议。5. What does the underlined word “devising” in Paragraph 3 mean? ACreating. BTeaching.CApplying. DUnderstanding.解析：A词义猜测题。由该词前后的follow your babys lead和observe what interests your baby and develop actions for these可知，父母在设计特定的手势时应当以婴儿的兴趣为主。devise意为“设计，发明”。6. What worries parents when it comes to sign language?AIt will replace speech as kids grow up.BIt is likely to cause physical problems.CIt is difficult for their babies to master.DIt may affect a childs speech negatively.解析：D细节理解题。由第四段.it is a concern for many parents that signing will take over the development of their childs speech, causing problems later in their years可知，父母们担心，手势语会影响到孩子们语言能力的发展。7. What can we learn about signing from the text?AIts better to use signs in total silence.BThe earlier signing is begun, the better.CSigning helps improve kids speech level.DSigns can reduce babies unpleasant feelings.解析：D细节理解题。由最后一段.therefore it can help beat frustration, alongside allowing you to meet your babys needs quickly, causing less upset可知，使用手势有助于消除婴儿的不良情绪。8. For what purpose is the text written?ATo introduce some common signs.BTo stress the importance of signing.CTo advise on sign language for kids.DTo call attention to kids mental health.解析：C主旨大意题。根据全文尤其是第一段.there are several factors to consider when thinking of introducing sign language into your babys development可知，本文主要就父母如何用手势语同婴儿交流给出建议。C Julia Morgan was born in San Francisco on January 20, 1872 and raised in Oakland. Julia attended Oakland High School, graduating in 1890. With a strong mathematical interest she attended UC. Berkeley, studying in the College of Engineering. In her senior year, Bernard Maybeck, a professor at UC. Berkeley, taught descriptive geometry(画法几何) and he started a series of informal architectural seminars(研讨会) for his favorite students. He became a positive influence on Julia and others, encouraging them to study at the famous cole des BeauxArts in Paris which he had attended ten years earlier. Julia went to Paris in 1896, learned French, and passed her entrance exams in the fall of 1898, becoming the first woman ever admitted to the architectural department within the cole. After three years hard work Julia earned her diploma in February, 1902. Morgan returned to Oakland in 1902 and worked for Architect John Galen Howard at UC. Berkeley, assisting him on the construction of the Greek Theater. But her ambition(抱负) was to open her own practice. She took the State licensing exam and was allowed to practice as an architect in her own right in 1904. She opened her first office at 456 Montgomery, a building destroyed in the earthquake of 1906. In 1907 she moved into the Merchants Exchange Building firstly with Ira Wilson Hoover as a junior partner, but from 1910 she was listed simply as Julia Morgan, Architect. Her first major project after the April 18,1906 earthquake was the reconstruction of the badly damaged Fairmont Hotel. Morgan supervised(监督) its repair so that it reopened on the first anniversary(周年纪念) of the earthquake. Morgan designed over 700 buildings in her 50year career. She was highly regarded, especially by women. She also designed a surprising number of homes and apartments in San Francisco.【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了美国女建筑师朱莉亚摩根。9. We can learn from the text that Julia Morgan _.Abenefited a lot from Bernard MaybeckBwas the first woman architect in the worldConce taught descriptive geometry in collegeDstarted a series of seminars for her classmates解析：A细节理解题。由第一段中的Bernard Maybeck.became a positive influence on Julia and others.可知，朱莉亚摩根在Bernard Maybeck的教学中受益匪浅。10. Which is the correct order of the following events related to Julia Morgan?aShe opened her first office.bShe worked for John Galen Howard.cShe studied at the cole des BeauxArts.dShe graduated from Oakland High School.e. She supervised the repair job of Fairmont Hotel.Acdabe BcdaebCdcbae Ddcabe解析：C细节理解题。由第一至第三段可知，朱莉亚摩根在1890年毕业于Oakland High School(d)，之后就读于法国的cole des BeauxArts(c)，毕业后于1902年为John Galen Howard工作(b)，于1904年开办了自己的第一个工作室(a)，之后监督Fairmont Hotel的重建修葺工作(e)。11. The last paragraph mainly talks about Julia Morgans _.Ahobbies BachievementsCpromising future Dsocial position解析：B段落大意题。由最后一段的描述可知，本段主要讲述了朱莉亚摩根的成就。12. Which of the following best describes Julia Morgan?ASerious and clever.BPopular and honest.CFriendly and optimistic.DTalented and productive.解析：D推理判断题。本文主要介绍了美国女建筑师朱莉亚摩根，由文中的描述可知，朱莉亚摩根是一位有才华和多产的建筑师。.七选五 The debate on using rewards to motivate (激励) students has been going on for a long time. _1_ However, others feel that rewards motivate students to perform better as its a human characteristic to be recognized for putting in an effort. _2_ Some students have the natural curiosity and the wish to learn new things, while others may need continuous rewards to put in their best effort. Researchers are of the view that using rewards to motivate the learner can be really beneficial in achieving better results. _3_ And it was found that to get rewarded, some students put in an extra effort and performed outstandingly well. However, rewarding students isnt as simple as it sounds. _4_ There can be students who wouldnt like the idea of the reward system youve put in place because the reward doesnt mean much to them. Thus, it is important that rewards are used carefully. For example, you have to keep in mind that rewards should never become something for performing the tasks that a student is expected to do. _5_ Also rewards should be used to pass a constructive feedback (反馈) on how a teacher values the determination and devotion of a student. In addition, you have to make sure that the reward is important for the student, or else its quite possible that the students will stop performing well.AStudents can be broadly divided into two groups.BStudents can be rewarded by giving them satisfaction.CIts necessary to pay attention to lack of motivation levels in children.DIt is supported by some studies they carried out on a group of students.E. He or she should be rewarded for accomplishing something challenging.F. Some educators feel that using rewards may become ineffective over time.G. It is because every student is a different personality with his own likes and dislikes.【文章大意】本文为说明文，题材为教育类。本文主要介绍了对学生进行奖励的作用及方法。1解析：F由本空后的However可知，本空的观点是反对奖励学生，F项符合。2解析：A下句是对本空的进一步解释。由下句可知，此处意为有两类学生。3解析：D本空是对上句的进一步解释。研究者持这样的观点：奖励能激励学生取得更好的成绩。这一点是有研究发现支持的。上句的Researchers即为D项的they，且与studies呼应。4解析：G对学生进行奖励不是一件简单的事，因为每个学生都有不同性格、不同爱好。5解析：E根据该段举例说明如何奖励学生可判断选E项。
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