被动语态讲解及练习.doc

被动语态讲解及练习一、 被动语态的用法： 1. 一般现在时的被动语态构成：is / am / are + 及物动词的过去分词 2. 一般过去时的被动语态构成：was / were + 及物动词的过去分词 3. 一般将来时的被动语态构成：will/be going to+ be + 及物动词的过去分词 二、 怎样把主动语态改成被动语态? 把主动语态改为被动语态非常简单，可以遵循以下几个步骤： 1. 先找出谓语动词； 2. 再找出谓语动词后的宾语；3. 把宾语用作被动语态中的主语； 4. 注意人称、时态和数的变化。 eg：1. Bruce writes a letter every week. A letter is written by Bruce every week. 2.Li Lei mended the broken bike this morning.The broken bike was mended by Li Lei this morning. 三、 使用被动语态应注意的几个问题： 1. 不及物动词无被动语态。 2. 有些动词（如：系动词look，smell，taste，sound，feel)用主动形式表示被动意义。还有一些不及物动词，常用主动语态，与well, easily等词连用，含有被动意义，如：read, write, draw, sell, wash, cook, clean等。 eg: This pen writes well. This new book sells well. 3. 感官动词或使役动词使用省略to的动词不定式，主动语态中不带to ，但变为被动语态时，须加上to 。 eg：make sb do sthsb+ be +made to do sth see sb do sthsb +be +seen to do sth 4. 如果是接双宾语的动词改为被动语态时，直接宾语(物)作主语，那么动词后要用介词，这个介词是由与其搭配的动词决定。 eg: He gave me a book.A book was given to me by him. He showed me a ticket.A ticket was shown to me by him. My father bought me a new bike. A new bike was bought for me by my father. 5. 一些动词短语用于被动语态时，动词短语应当看作一个整体，而不能丢掉其中的介词或副词。 eg: We cant laugh at him. He cant be laugh at by us. He listens to the radio every day. The radio is listened to by him every day. The nurse is taking care of the sick man. The sick man is being taken care of by the nurse.被动语态练习一、选择题( )1._ a new library _ in our school last year? A. Is; built B. Was; built C. Does; build D. Did ; build ( )2.Cotton（棉花） _ in the southeast of China. A. is grown B. are grown C. grows D. grow ( )3.A talk on Chinese history _ in the school hall next week. A. is given B. has been given C. will be given D. gives ( )4.How many trees _ this year? A. are planted B. will plant C. have been planted D. planted ( )5.A lot of things _ by people to save the little girl now. A. are doing B. are being done C. has been done D. will be done ( )6.-When _ this kind of computers_? -Last year. A. did; use B. was; used C. is; used D. are; used ( )7.The Great Wall _ all over the world. A. knows B. knew C. is known D. was known ( )8.Who _ this book _? A. did; written B. was; written by C. did; written D. was; written ( )9.A story _ by Granny yesterday. A. was told us B. was told to us C. is told us D. told us ( )10.The monkey was seen _ off the tree. A. jump B. jumps C. jumped D. to jump二、用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空。1.Its said(据说) that the long bridge_（build）in two months 2.Where to have the meeting _ （discuss）now 3.Which language _the most widely_（speak）in the world？ 4.Last year a large number of trees_（cut）down 5. The students _ often _(tell) to take care of their desks and chairs. 6. Vegetables, eggs and fruits_ (sell) in this shop. 7. What _ knives _ (make) of ? They_(make) of metal(金属) and wood. 8. Can the magazine _ (take) out of the library? 9. The room _ (clean) by me every day. 10. Some flowers _ (water) by Li Ming already. 11. This kind of shoes _ (sell) well. 12.The food _ (smell) delicious.13. Look! Someone _(dance). 三、按要求改写下列句子，一空一词。 1.Is tea grown in South China？（改为主动语态） _ people _ tea in South China？ 2.I am given a birthday present by my parents every year（同义句转换） A birthday present _ _ _ _by my parents every year 3.The work is going to be finished in two days. (对划线提问)How_ _ the work going to be finished ? 4. The children will sing an English song. (改为被动语态) An English song _ _ _ by the children. 5. People use metal for making machines. (改为被动语态) Metal _ _ _making machines. 6. He made me do that for him. (改为被动语态) I _ _ _ _ that for him. 7.They are watching the football match.The football match _ _ _ by them.8.Did they build a bridge here a year ago? (改为被动语态) _ a bridge _ here by them a year ago? 9.We call the game “Lianliankan”. (改为被动语态)The game _ _ “Lianliankan” by us.