小学六年级英语语法大全.doc

小学六年级英语语法一、基数词，序数词序数词前一定要加“the”,序数词一般用于：日期【the 号（序数词）of 月】【第几】【名次】二、动词1.be动词（am/is/are）主语 be动词（原形） be动词（过去式）I am was He/she/it is wasWe/you/they are were2.助动词（do/does/did）问句 答句Do+非第三人称单数动词原形?do/dontDoes+第三人称单数does/doesntDid+所有主格did/didnt问句 答句What do you/they/we+动词原形？I/They/We+动词原形。What does he/she/itHe/She/It +(动词S).What did you/they/we/ he/she/itI/They/We/ He/She/It +动词过去式。3.情态动词（can,must,could,would,may,shall,would）情态动词后面都跟动词原形三、介词 in+月、年the morning/afternoon/evening/a week表示时间 on+具体某一天（几月几日）/某个假期（Day） at+具体某点时间、某个假期（Festival）/the weekendinstreet表示方位 onroad/left/right at thecrossing/stop/某个具体的地点in the tree(不是树上长出来的)on the tree(树上原来自己长出来的)表示时间： ago(以前) later(以后) before (在以前) after(在 以后)一、名词1. 不可数名词:bread,juice,tea,coffee,water,chocolate,rice,paper(不可数名词相对应的be动词永远都是is/was)2、名词复数规则 （1）一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds (2)以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches (3)以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries (4)以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives (5)不规则名词复数： man -men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children foot-feet,.tooth-teeth fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese 1. 主格一般用在句中作为主语，一般用在动词前（除疑问句）2. 宾格多用于动词介词后面。3. 形容词性物主代词后面必须要跟名词。4. 名次性物主代词形容词性物主代词+名词三、 形容词及副词的比较级1. 形容词比较级用于两者比较，基本句式为：(A)主格be|+形容词比较级than+B(宾格)。2. 副词比较级 基本句式为：(A)主格动词|+副词比较级than+B(宾格)。3. 4. 比较级的用法：一般er 双写最后一个字母er，如thinthinner,bigbigger,fatfatter,hothotter, 不规则的比较级：good/wellbetter,many/muchmore,farfarther/further5. 一样的情况用asas,句式为：as 原级 as6. 注意：too,very+原级动词时态: 一般现在时Be型: I用am, you用are, is连着他她它;单数is,复数are.变否定,很简单,be动词后加not,变疑问,更容易,动词往句首提.一二人称要互换,句末问号莫丢弃,否定疑问任你变,句首大写莫忘记.Do型:一般现在时很简单,主语总是加动原;除非主语是三单,三单动词有变化;变否定,找动词,动原前面加dont;动词三单加doesnt,后面动词改原形;变疑问,找动词,动原句首加上do;如果动词是三单,助动词does句首请;主语紧随在其后,动词改原形莫迟疑.动词第三人称单数变化:be的第一人称单数形式为am,第三人称单数形式为is,其他人称形式为are. have的三人称单数为has. 一般动词三人称单数形式是在动词原形后加s或es.加-es的动词规则(注意:名词变复数也是加s或es):在动词后加s 以s、x、ch、sh结尾的词,若发咝音就加es 以”辅音+o”结尾的词要加”es”,如goes, does, potatoes; 以”元音+o”结尾的词,直接加s.部分以f或fe结尾的名词变复数时要将f变v再加”es”,如knife (knives), wife (wives)一般过去时:主语+动词过去式+表过去的时间What did +do+过去时间?Did +主语+动词原形+过去时间?动词过去式变化规则:规则变化:一般在动词原形末尾加ed 词尾e的动词加d 末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,先双写这个辅音字母,再加ed 结尾是“辅音字母+y”的动词变y为I,再加ed,如studied.结尾是”元音+y”的动词直接加ed,如played.动词过去式+ed的读音：在浊辅音和元音后/d/ 在清辅音后面/t/ 在/t/ /d/ 的音后面发/id/一些不规则动词的变化:am, is (was); are (were); have, has (had); go (went); eat (ate)buy (bought); do (did); ski (skied); make (made) see (saw) leave (left)take (took) study (studied) swim (swam) sing(sang)一般过去时态如何将肯定句变成一般疑问句?一种是有be动词的,即有was或were,只要把was或 were 提到句首,把句中第一人称转为第二人称，即I, we变you, my和our变your,然后把句中剩下的单词依次抄下来如：It was a windy day.-Was it a windy day?That was my bag.-Was that your bag?另一种是无be动词的句子，需要助动词来帮忙。把过去时态的助动词did放在句首，把第一人称改为第二人称，然后把剩下的句子依次抄下来，在抄的过程中，要把动词的过去时转变成原形。如I went fishing yesterday.-Did you go fishing yesterday?例题：按要求改写下列句子John washed the clothes last weekend.What did John do last weekend?(对划线部分提问)John didnt wash the clothes last weekend. (否定句)Did John wash the clothes last weekend?(一般疑问句)Yes, he did.(肯定回答)No, he didnt. (否定回答)一般将来时：主语+be going to+动词原形（或地点）+表将来的时间shall, will表将来的句子 例句：You will like it. 你将会喜欢它。Im going to be an English teacher. (我想成为一名英语老师 )例题练习：I am going to visit my grandparents this weekend.对划线部分提问：When are you going to visit your grandparents ?否定句： I am not going to visit my grandparents this weekend.一般疑问句：Are you going to visit your grandparents this weekend?肯定回答：Yes, I am.否定回答：No, I am not.一般现在进行时：（指在某个时刻正在进行某个动作或从事某项活动） 句式：主语+be+动词现在分词 例题练习：Im drawing pictures with my friend.对划线部分提问What are you doing with your friend?否定句：Im not drawing pictures with my friend.一般疑问句Are you drawing pictures with your friend?肯定回答：Yes, I am.否定回答：No, I am not.