六年级英语上册语法.doc

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现在进行时 (unit1&unit5)一意义当表示现在正在进行的动作或正在发生的事。二:be (am, is ,are )+动词现在分词-ing形式 肯定句:主语 + be + 现在分词V-ing (+ 其他) eg: The children are playing in the park . 否定句:主语+be+not+动词-ing +其他. eg:The children are not playing in the park. 一般疑问句:Be+主语+动词-ing +其他? eg:Are the children playing in the park? Yes, they are. /No , they are not. 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+be+主语+动词-ing+其他? eg:What are they doing now?3. 现在分词的构成: (1)一般在动词末尾直接加ing,如:playplaying sleepsleeping looklooking throwthrowing barkbarking listenlistening climbclimbing crycrying callcalling washwashing eateating brushbrushing drinkdrinking combcombing cleancleaning gogoing dodoing rainraining talktalking growgrowing openopening singsinging eateating walkwalking (2)以不发音字母e结尾的动词,先去掉e,再加ing, 如:bitebiting write writing have having dancedancing (3)以重读闭音节结尾的动词,中间只有一个元音字母,词尾只有一个辅音字母,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加ing, 如: sitting running swimming shopping 四.时间标志now,句前的look ,listen现在进行时专项练习:一、写出下列动词的现在分词:play_ run_ swim _eat_ go_write_ sit_ read_ have_ wash sleep _ look_ throw_ bark_ listen_climb_ bite_ cry_ clean call_sit _ shop_ brush drink comb 二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空:1.The children _ ( play)in the park now.2. Lingling_ ( sit)on a swing now .3. My mother _ ( sit )on a bench now.4. What _ you _ ( do ) now?5. Look . He _( sleep).6.The dog _(look) at the children now.7.Look! Mingming _(throw )stones at the dog .8.What is our granddaughter doing? She _(drink ) water.9. Its 5 oclock now. We _(have)supper now.10._Helen_(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .三、句型转换:1. They are doing housework .(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句) _ _2The students are cleaning the classroom . ( 改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答) _ _3Im playing the football in the playground .(对划线部分进行提问) _4Tom is listening . (改为否定句) _一般现在时(unit2)一意义 1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如:The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。 2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如:I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。 3.表示客观现实。如:The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。2. 构成及变化 1.be动词的变化。肯定句:主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如:I am a boy.我是一个男孩。否定句:主语+ be + not +其它。如:He is not a worker.他不是工人。一般疑问句:Be +主语+其它。如:-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, Im not.特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句。如:Where is my bike? 2. 行为动词的变化。 当主语为第一,二人称及复数时,助动词为do肯定句:主语+动词原形(+其它)。如:We often play basketball after school.否定句:主语+ dont+动词原形(+其它)。 如:we dont play basketball after school.一般疑问句:Do +主语+动词原形+其它?如: Do you often play basketball after school l? Yes, we do. / No, we dont.特殊疑问句:疑问词+以do开头的一般疑问句?如: What do you often do after school ?当主语为第三人称单数时 ,助动词为does肯定句:主语+动词三单式(+其它)。如: He swims well.否定句:主语+ doesnt+动词原形(+其它)。如:He doesnt swim well.一般疑问句:Does +主语+动词原形+其它。如:Does he swim well ? Yes, he does. / No, he doesnt.特殊疑问句:疑问词+以does开头的一般疑问句?如: How does your father go to work?3. 第三人称单数的动词变化规则(只有在第三人称为主语的肯定句中,动词才用三单式)(1)多数动词直接加s: 如:runruns getgets likelikes makemakes leaveleaves wavewaves eateats cleancleans startstarts taketakes playplays climbclimbs telltells saysays looklooks pickpicks turnturns(2)结尾是s, x, sh, ch, o,前为辅音字母,结尾加es :watchwatches gogoes dodoes washwashes brushbrushes(3)动词末尾y前为辅音:将y改为i加es: studystudies flyflies carrycarries crycries但在y前如果为元音则直接加s:buys says (4)不规则变化havehas 四.时间标志:always , usually , often , sometimes ,every 一般现在时专项练习:1、 用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1. He often _(have) dinner at home.2. Daniel and Tommy _(be) in Class One.3. We _(not watch) TV on Monday.4. Nick _(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.5. _ they _(like) the World Cup?6. What _they often _(do) on Saturdays?7. _ your parents _(read) newspapers every day?8. The girl _(teach) us English on Sundays.9. She and I _(take) a walk together every evening.10. There _(be) some water in the bottle.11. Mike _(like) cooking.12. They _(have) the same hobby.13. My aunt _(look) after her baby carefully.14. You always _(do) your homework well.15. I _(be) ill. Im staying in bed.16. She _(go) to school from Monday to Friday.17. Liu Tao _(do) not like PE.18. The child often _(watch) TV in the evening.19. Su Hai and Su Yang _(have) eight lessons this term.20. What day _(be) it today? Its Saturday.二、按照要求改写句子。1. Daniel watches TV every evening.(改为否定句) _2. I do my homework every day.(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答) _3. She likes milk.(改为一般疑问句,作肯定回答) _ _4. Amy likes playing computer games.(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答) _5. We go to school every morning.(改为否定句) _6. He speaks English very well.(改为否定句) _7. I like taking photos in the park.(对划线部分提问) _8. John comes from Canada.(对划线部分提问) _9. She is always a good student.(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答) _10. Simon and Daniel like going skating.(改为否定句) _三、改错(划出错误的地方,将正确的写在横线上) 1. Is your brother speak English? _2. Does he likes going fishing? _3. He likes play games after class. _4. Mr. Wu teachs us English. _5. She dont do her homework on Sundays. _一般过去时(unit4)1 意义: 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去的时间状语连用。2 构成及变化 1Be动词在一般过去时中的变化: am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。(was not=wasnt) are在一般过去时中变为were。(were not=werent) 带有was或were的句子,其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样,即否定句在was或were后加not,一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。 2句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子 否定句:didnt +动词原形,如:Jim didnt go home yesterday. 一般疑问句:在句首加did,句子中的动词过去式变回原形。如:Did Jim go home yesterday? 特殊疑问句:疑问词+did+主语+动词原形?如: What did Jim do yesterday? 疑问词当主语时:疑问词+动词过去式? 如:Who went to home yesterday?三动词过去式变化规则: 1一般在动词末尾加-ed,如:wantwanted talktalked staystayed missmissed looklooked askasked killkilled jumpjumped 2结尾是e加d,如:taste-tasted 3末尾只有一个元音字母(a.e.i.o.u)和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-ed,如:stop-stopped 4以“辅音字母+y”结尾的,变y为i, 再加-ed, 如:study-studied trytried worryworried 5不规则动词过去式:am/iswas arewere dodid seesaw saysaid givegave flyflew sitsat havehad feelfelt havehad gowentgetgot comecame eatate taketook runran singsang putput makemade readread writewrote drinkdrank riderodedrawdrew speakspoke bringbrought 过去时专项练习:一写出下列动词的过去式isam_ fly_ plant_ are _ drink_play_ go_ make _ does_ dance_worry_ ask _ taste_ eat_ draw_put _ throw_ kick_ pass_ do _二、用动词的适当形式填空。1. It _ (be) Bens birthday last Friday.2. We all _ (have) a good time last night.3. He _ (jump) high on last Sports Day.4. Helen _ (milk) a cow on Friday.5. She likes _ newspapers, but she _ a book yesterday. (read)6. He _ football now, but they _ basketball just now. (play)7. Jims mother _ (plant) trees just now.8. _ they _ (sweep) the floor on Sunday? No, they _.9. I _ (watch) a cartoon on Monday.10. We _ (go) to school on Sunday.11. It _ (be) the 2nd of November yesterday. Mr White _ (go) to his office by car.12. Gao Shan _ (put) the book on his head a moment ago.13. Dont _ the house. Mum _ it yesterday. (clean)14. What _ you _ just now? I _ some housework. (do)15. They _ (make) a kite a week ago.16. I want to _ apples. But my dad _ all of them last month. (pick)17. _ he _ the flowers this morning? Yes, he _. (water)18. She _ (be) a pretty girl. Look, she _ (do) Chinese dances.19. The students often _ (draw) some pictures in the art room.20.What _ Mike do on the farm? He _ cows. (milk)21. I _ an English teacher now.22. She _ happy yesterday.23. They _ glad to see each other last month.24. Helen and Nancy _ good friends.25. The little dog _ two years old this year.26. Look, there _ lots of grapes here.27. There _ a sign on the chair on Monday.28. Today _ the second of June. Yesterday _ the first of June. It _ Childrens Day. All the students _ very excited.29. I _ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday.30. Her father _ (read) a newspaper last night.31. We _ to zoo yesterday, we _ to the park. (go)32. _ you _ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival?33. _ he _ (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he _.34. Gao Shan _ (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday.35. I _ (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother _.36. What _ she _ (find) in the garden last morning? She _ (find) a beautiful butterfly.三、句型转换。1. There was a car in front of the house just now.否定句:_一般疑问句:_肯、否定回答:_2. They played football in the playground.否定句:_一般疑问句:_肯、否定回答:_将来时(unit9&10&11)一、意义: 表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语:tomorrow, next day(week, month, year),soon, the day after tomorrow(后天)等。二、基本结构:be going to + do; will+ do.三、否定句:在be动词(am, is, are)后加not或情态动词will后加not成wont。 例如:Im going to have a picnic this afternoon. Im not going to have a picnic this afternoon. 四、一般疑问句: be或will提到句首,some改为any, and改为or,第一二人称互换。 例如:We are going to go on an outing this weekend. Are you going to go on an outing this weekend?五、对划线部分提问:一般情况,一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。 1. 问人。Who 例如:Im going to New York soon. Whos going to New York soon. 2. 问干什么。What do.例如: My father is going to watch a race with me this afternoon. What is your father going to do with you this afternoon. 3. 问什么时候。When.例如:Shes going to go to bed at nine. When is she going to bed?六、同义句:be going to = willI am going to go swimming tomorrow(明天). = I will go swimming tomorrow.练习:填空。1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I_ _ _ have a picnic with my friends.I _ have a picnic with my friends.2. 下个星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打篮球。What _ _ _ _ _ next Monday?I _ _ _ play basketball. 3. 你妈妈这个周末去购物吗?是,她要去买一些水果。_ your mother _ _ go shopping this _? Yes, she _. She _ _ _ buy some fruit.4. 你们打算什么时候见面。What time _ you _ _ meet?改句子。5. Nancy is going to go camping.(改否定)Nancy _ going to go camping.6. Ill go and join them.(改否定)I _ go _ join them.7. Im going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.(改一般疑问句)_ _ _ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow?8. We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.(改一般疑问句)_ _ meet at the bus stop at 10:30.9. She is going to listen to music after school.(对划线部分提问)_ _ she _ _ _ after school?10. My father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow.(同上) _ _ going to see a play the day after tomorrow.用所给词的适当形式填空。11. Today is a sunny day. We _ (have) a picnic this afternoon.12. My brother _ (go) to Shanghai next week.13. Tom often _(go) to school on foot. But today is rain. He _ (go) to school by bike.14. What do you usually do at weekends? I usually _ (watch) TV and _(catch) insects?15. Its Friday today. What _she _ (do) this weekend? She _ (watch) TV and _ (catch) insects.16. What _ (d0) you do last Sunday? I _ (pick) apples on a farm. What _ (do) next Sunday? I _ (milk) cows.17. Mary _ (visit) her grandparents tomorrow.18. Liu Tao _ (fly) kites in the playground yesterday.19. David _ (give) a puppet show next Monday.20. I _ (plan) for my study now.
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