高一英语下学期期末模拟试卷（含解析）和高考满分作文：历史从那一夜开始（88）

高一英语下学期期末模拟试卷（含解析）和高考满分作文：历史从那一夜开始（88）2017-2018 学年高一下学期期末考试备考满分冲刺专题期末模拟冲刺（一）第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AMonthly Talks at London Canal MuseumOur monthly talks start at 19:30 on the first Thursday of each month except August. Admission is at normal charges and you dont need to book. They end around 21:00.November1thThe Canal Pioneers, by Chris Lewis. James Brindley is recognized as one of the leading early canal engineers. He was also a major player in training others in the art of canal planning and building. Chris Lewis will explain how Brindley made such a positive contribution to the education of that group of early “civil engineers“.December 2thIce for the Metropolis, by Malcolm Tucker. Well before the arrival of freezers, there was a demand for ice for food preservation and catering. Malcolm will explain the history of importing natural ice and the technology of building ice wells, and how Londons ice trade grew.February 3thAn Update on the Cotswold Canals, by Liz Payne. The Stroudwater Canal is moving towards reopening. The Thames and Severn Canal will take a little longer. We will have a report on the present state of play.March 4thEyots and Aits Thames Islands, by Miranda Vickers. The Thames has many islands. Miranda has undertaken a review of all of them. She will tell us about those of greatest interest.Online bookings: www.canalmuseum.org.uk/bookMore info: www.canalmuseum.org.uk/whatsonLondon Canal Museum12-13 New Wharf Road, London NI 9RTwww.canalmuseum.org.uk www.canalmuseum.mobiTel: 020 7713 08361. When is the talk on James Brindley?A. February 6th. B. March 6th.C. November 7th. D. December 5th.2. What is the topic of the talk in February?A. The Canal Pioneers.B. Ice for the Metropolis.C. Eyots and Aits Thames Islands.D. An Update on the Cotswold Canals.3. Who will give the talk on the islands in the Thames?A. Miranda Vickers. B. Malcolm Tucker.C. Chris Lewis. D. Liz Payne.【答案】【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了四场讲座的信息。3. A 【解析】细节理解题。根据第四场讲座的介绍的第一句可知，由 Miranda Vickers 主讲的这场讲座的内容是关于“Thames Islands“的。BSalvador Dali (1904-1989) was one of the most popular of modern artists. The Pompidou Centre in Paris is showing its respect and admiration for the artist and his powerful personality with an exhibition bringing together over 200 paintings, sculptures, drawings and more. Among the works and masterworks on exhibition the visitor will find the best pieces, most importantly The Persistence of Memory. There is also LEnigme sans Fin from 1938, works on paper, objects, and projects for stage and screen and selected parts from television programmes reflecting the artists showman qualities.The visitor will enter the World of Dali through an egg and is met with the beginning, the world of birth. The exhibition follows a path of time and subject with the visitor exiting through the brain.The exhibition shows how Dali draws the viewer between two infinities(无限), “From the infinity small to the infinity large, contraction and expansion coming in and out of focus: amazing Flemish accuracy and the showy Baroque of old painting that he used in his museum-theatre in Figueras,“ explains the Pompidou Centre.The fine selection of the major works was done in close collaboration(合作)with the Museo Nacional Reina Sofia in Madrid, Spain, and with contributions from other institutions like the Salvador Dali Museum in St. Petersburg, Florida.4. Which of the following best describes Dali according to Paragraph 1?A. Optimistic. B. Productive.C. Generous. D. Traditional.5. What is Dalis The Persistence of Memory considered to be?A. One of his masterworks. B. A successful screen adaptation.C. An artistic creation for the stage.D. One of the best TV programmes.6. How are the exhibits arranged at the World of Dali?A. By popularity. B. By importance.C. By size and shape. D. By time and subject.7. What does the word “contributions“ in the last paragraph refer to?A. Artworks. B. Projects. C. Donations. D. Documents.【答案】【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了艺术家萨尔瓦多达利的作品要在巴黎展出。5. A 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Among the works and masterworks on exhibition the visitor will find the best pieces, most importantly The Persistence of Memory“可知，萨尔瓦多达利的作品 The Persistence of Memory 被认为是他的一幅杰作。6. D 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The exhibition follows a path of time and subject with the visitor exiting through the brain“可知，达利的世界是按照时间和主题组织作品展览的。7. A 【解析】词义猜测题。根据最后一段可知,多家博物馆通力合作，共同精选展出作品。文中提到像西班牙马德里的博物馆和圣彼德斯堡的博物馆这样的机构也提供萨尔瓦多达利的作品参加展览。由此推测，contributions 指“作品“，故选 A。CNowadays women appear to have a positive image of themselves as safer drivers than men.In a survey done for insurer MetLife,51% of women said they drive more safely. The evidence is on their side: Men are 3.4 times more likely than women to get a ticket for careless driving and 3.1 times as likely to be punished for drunk driving.Women are on average less aggressive and more law abiding (守法的) drivers, which leads to fewer accidents, the report says. However, not all male drivers share the same opinion. Of the men surveyed by MetLife,39% claimed male drivers were safer. The findings did back them up on one point: automotive knowledge. The report showed that more men are familiar with current safety equipment such as electronic stability control, which helps prevent rollover accidents.Auto safety unavoidably matters to Money. Insurance companies focus on what classes of drivers have the lowest dollar amounts of claims, and for now, that mainly includes women. In general, women pay about 9% less for auto insurance than men. A study by the website Insweb also showed that auto insurance rates are lower for women in most states. Among individual states, women get the greatest, advantage in Wyoming (where they pay 20% less)，South Dakota and Washington, D.C., where their insurance costs are 16% lower.More than 11,900 male drivers died in US traffic accidents in 2009, compared with just under 4,900 women drivers according to the study.Based on miles traveled, men died at a rate of 2.5 deaths per 100 million miles traveled, vs.1.7 deaths for women.8. According to the study, female drivers _.A. are more aggressive while drivingB. are more interested in auto knowledgeC. are more likely to stick driving lawsD. are more familiar with safety equipment9. Insurance companies focus on female driver clients probably because they _.A. cause more accidents on the roadB. pay more money to the insurance companiesC. take the most part of the insurance clientsD. have the lowest amount of money on insurance claims10. We can infer from the passage that_.A. men are 3.1 times more likely to get tickets than womenB. all women in the USA pay the same for their auto insuranceC. more female drivers die every year than male driversD. women are generally safer drivers than the opposite gender11. The writer mainly develops paragraphs by_.A. giving examples B. making comparisonsC. drawing a conclusion D. presenting an argument【答案】【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过列举一些数据说明现在女性司机似乎比男性司机开车更加安全。10. D 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段可知，女性司机相比男性司机而言驾驶更加安全，故选 D。根据第二段中的Men are 3.4 times more likely.to get a ticket.可知，A项错误；根据第三段最后一句可知，B 项错误；根据最后一段第一句可知，C 项错误。11. B 【解析】推理判断题。根据文中第二至四段中的数据对比可知，作者将女性司机与男性司机进行比较，从而得出女性司机比男性司机更安全的结论，故选 B。DAnyone who has ever tried to make their way through the center of Amsterdam in a car knows it: the city is owned by cyclists. They hurry in swarms through the streets, unbothered by traffic rules, taking precedence (优先权) whenever they want, rendering motorists powerless by their sheer numbers.Cyclists rule in Amsterdam and great pains have been taken to accommodate them: the city is equipped with an elaborate network of cycle paths and lanes, so safe and comfortable that even toddlers and elderly people use bikes as the easiest mode of transport. Its not only Amsterdam which boasts a network of cycle paths, of course; youll find them in all Dutch cities.The Dutch take this for granted; they even tend to believe these cycle paths have existed since the beginning of time. But that is certainly not the case. This was a time in the 1950s and 1960s, when cyclists were under severe threat of being expelled(除名) from Dutch cities by the growing number of cars. Only thanks to fierce activism and a number of decisive events would Amsterdam succeed in becoming what it is, unquestionably, now: the bicycle capital of the world.12. According to the passage, while cyclists in Amsterdam are crossing a street, _.A. they never feel easy to cross it as there are many carsB. they ignore traffic rules and follow motorists in swarmsC. they cross it in a large number regardless of traffic rulesD. they feel very nervous and cross it cautiously one after another13. This passage is most probably taken from _.A. a science fictionB. a travelling magazineC. an academic reportD. an instructive brochure14. Which of the following statements is NOT mentioned in this passage?A. Almost all people in Amsterdam like riding bicycles.B. These cycle paths havent existed since the beginning of time.C. Cities in some other countries have also begun to build their own cyclepaths.D. In 1950s and 1960s, cyclists were in the face of being driven by the growing number of cars.15. This passage mainly tells us _.A. why the people in Amsterdam rode bicyclesB. when Amsterdam built many cycle paths and lanesC. how Amsterdam became the bicycle capital of the worldD. what the Amsterdam government has done in the past few years【答案】【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。阿姆斯特丹是荷兰最大的城市，你想知道它是怎样成为世界自行车之都的吗？一起来看看吧！12. C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的They hurry in swarms through .by their sheer numbers.可知，骑自行车的人无视交通规则，成群地穿过街道。故 C 项符合题意。车少，污染小展开的，所以这篇文章可能出自旅游杂志。B 项意为旅游杂志，符合题意。A 项意为科幻小说；C 项意为学术报告；D 项意为指导手册。故选 B。14. C 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段第一句可知，阿姆斯特丹的居民喜欢骑自行车，故 A 项可以排除；根据第三段第一、二句可知，这些自行车道不是从一开始就存在的，故 B项可以排除；根据第三段第三句可知，在二十世纪五、六十年代骑自行车的人面临着被驱逐的危险，故 D 项可以排除；C 项在文中没有提及。故选 C。15. C 【解析】主旨大意题。根据全文内容，尤其是最后一段Only thanks to . of the world.可知，本文主要讲述的是阿姆斯特丹是如何成为世界自行车之都的。故 C 项符合题意。第二节 （共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。16 There are two pens which can write this book. One is writing growth, and the other is writing caducity(衰老).One is describing success, and the other is presenting failure. In other words, one is drawing happiness and the other is showing sorrow as well. Life is like a heavy truck, so happiness and sorrow are like the wheels. No cross,no crown. No pain, no joy. _17_ One is that to live a day is to leave a day. The other is that to live a day is to enjoy a day. Just one word difference, it has reflected the complete reverse(相反的) state of psychology. Life is like the course which is investing(投资) all the time. 18 When you have it, you should use it well and make it develop great actions. Please remember, the active attitude creates wonderful life, or the negative attitude wastes lifetime.19 When she was about to knock at the door, she heard someone speaking in the room. A little girl said,Would you like some braised(炖熟的) pork today? Another girl said,No. I would like some toasted chicken. Following the words, the lady knocked at the door and went into the room. 20 To her surprise, there were only some pieces of thin and dry bread, two cold potatoes and a jar of water on the table. The lady asked them what was the matter. They said that they imagined that, so poor food was turned into many kinds of delicious food. When the lady left the family, she had new understanding of happiness.A .Life is like a book.B. Happy life exists everywhere.C. There are two different minds.D. She saw them sitting at a table.E. Everybody wishes to live a happy life.F. Therefore, for one sense, life is the capital.G. One day, a rich lady went to visit a poor, but happy family.【答案】【语篇解读】生活就像一台敞篷车，快乐和忧伤就是车轮。记住：积极的态度成就精彩的人生，消极的态度使人虚度年华。16. A 【解析】根据下文的There are two pens which can write this book.可知，上文提到了书，故 A 项Life is like a book.符合语境。8. F 【解析】前文的Life is like the course which is investing(投资) all the time.说明生活就是一个不断投资的过程，因此从某种意义上来说，生活就是资本，故 F 项符合语境。19. G 【解析】空缺处位于本段句首，介绍了事情的起因。根据When she was about to knock at the door可知，这位女士要去拜访一户人家，故 G 项符合语境。20. D 【解析】后文中的there were only some pieces of thin and dry bread,two cold potatoes and a jar of water on the table提示了她们正在桌旁用餐，故 D 项符合语境。第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。My husband, Tom, has always been good with animals, but I was still amazed when he befriended a female grouse (松鸡). Its 21 for a grouse to have any contact (接触) with people. In fact, theyre hard to spot, 22 they usually fly off when they hear humans approaching.This grouse came into our lives in 23 .Tom was working out in the field when he 24 her walking around at the edge of the field. She was 25 unafraid and seemed to be 26 about what he was doing.Tom saw the 27 bird several times, and she got more comfortable around him. We quickly grew 28 of the bird and decided to call her Mildred.One day, as Tom was working, Mildred came within a few feet of him to watch. Tom 29 he didnt see her and kept working to see what she would do next.Apparently, she didnt like to be 30 . Shed run up and peck (啄) at Toms hands, then 31 off to see what he would do. This went on for about 20 minutes, until Mildred became tired of the 32 and left.As spring went and summer came, Mildred started to 33 more and more often. 34 Mildred felt comfortable enough to jump up on Toms leg and stay long enough for me to get a 35 of the two of them together. This friendly grouse soon felt 36 not just with our family, but with anybody who walked or drove by.When hunting season opened, we put a 37 at the end of our driveway asking 38 not to shoot our pet grouse. My father, who lived down the road, 39 warned people not to shoot her. 40 , hunters would stop and take pictures, because they had never seen anything like her.21. A. interesting B. reasonable C. impossible D. unusual22. A. though B. because C. unless D. until23 A. spring B. summer C. autumn D. winter24. A. got B. kept C. noticed D. imagined25. A. naturally B. certainly C. normally D. surprisingly26. A. crazy B. curious C. concerned D. cautious27. A. shy B. awkward C. friendly D. elegant28. A. careful B. tired C. fond D. sick29. A. supposed B. realized C. hoped D. pretended30. A. ignored B. observed C. amazed D. disturbed31. A. put B. back C. set D. take32. A. game B. work C. place D. man33. A. give up B. come out C. turn over D. fly by34 A. Eventually B. Suddenly C. Constantly D. Presently35. A. chance B. dream C. picture D. sense36. A. comfortable B. guilty C. anxious D. familiar37. A. lantern B. sign C. gun D. loudspeaker38. A. drivers B. farmers C. hunters D. tourists39. A. just B. yet C. thus D. also40. A. In fact B. For long C. On the contrary D. By the way【答案】【语篇解读】本文作者讲述了自己一家人和一只松鸡的故事。21. D interesting 有趣的；reasonable 合理的；impossible不可能的；unusual 不寻常的。根据上文作者对此事感到惊讶I was still amazed和下文中对松鸡性情的介绍they usually fly off when they hear humans approaching.可知松鸡和人密切接触的情况是不常见的。22. B though 尽管；because 因为；unless 除非；until 直到。前句提到 theyre hard to spot 人们很难看到松鸡，后句内容说它们见到人类的接近就会飞走，由此可知人们很难见到松鸡的原因是它们惧怕人类，后句和前句是因果关系。25. D naturally 自然地；certainly 当然地；normally 正常地；surprisingly 令人惊讶地。从上文内容可知松鸡是怕人的，见到人就飞走，而这只松鸡不怕人，所以让人惊讶。26. B crazy 疯狂的，着迷的；curious 好奇的；concerned 关心的；cautious 小心的。从空前内容可知松鸡不怕人，由此推断应该是好奇 Tom 在做什么，其他不符合语境。27. C shy 害羞的；awkward 尴尬的；friendly 友好的；elegant 优雅的。从后句内容可知这只松鸡不怕 Tom，而且在他身边越来越自在，此外在文章倒数第二段也提到 friendly grouse，由此可知这只松鸡是友好的。28. C careful 小心的；tired 厌倦的；fond 喜欢的；sick 恶心的，生病的。从空后内容可知作者和丈夫给松鸡取了名字，由此判断他们对这只松鸡越来越喜欢，be fond of 意思是喜欢。29. D 考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。supposed 认为，猜想；realized 意识到；hoped 希望；pretended 假装。前面提到 Tom看到松鸡走近他身边，后面又说没看到她，由此判断他是假装没看见，想看看松鸡会如何反应。30. A ignored 忽略，不理睬；observed 观察，遵守，庆祝；amazed 感到惊讶；disturbed 打扰。上文提到 Tom 故意装作没看到这只松鸡，空后又描述松鸡去啄 Tom 的手，由此判断松鸡是想引起 Tom 的注意，不想被忽视。31. B put 放；back 后退；place 安置，放；take 带走。从描述的情景可以推测松鸡啄了 Tom 之后就退后看他的反应，选 B。32. A game 游戏；work 工作；place 地方；man 人。根据上文的叙述可知在 Tom 不理睬松鸡的情况下，松鸡反反复复地去啄Tom，然后看他的反应，这对它来说是一种游戏。33. B give up 放弃；come out 出来；turn over 翻转；fly by 飞过。根据下文内容可知夏天到了松鸡更加频繁地外出走动了。34. A Eventually 最终；Suddenly 突然；Constantly 不断地；Presently 目前地。从上文内容可知松鸡一点一点地接近人类，胆子越来越大，最后都飞到 Tom 身上，由此判断答案选 A。37. B lantern 灯笼；sign 招牌；gun 枪支；loudspeaker 扬声器。根据情理可知要想提醒人们应该是树立起一个警示牌，而且空前动词 put 也只能和 sign 构成搭配。38. C drivers 司机；farmers 农民；hunters 猎人；tourists游客。从情理可知四个选项中会猎杀动物的只有猎人，而且通过下文猎人与松鸡拍照也可以判断作者是提醒猎人们不要猎杀他们的松鸡。39. D just 仅仅；yet 然而；thus 因此；also 也。前面内容提到作者竖起牌子警示人们不要猎杀这只友好的松鸡，而父亲同时也警告人们别猎杀那只松鸡，由此可知答案选 D。40. A In fact 事实上；For long 很长时间；On the contrary 相反；By the way 顺便说。上文提到作者和家人都提醒人们不要去伤害这只松鸡，而猎人们不仅没有猎杀松鸡，甚至还和松鸡一起拍照，故 A 选项内容符合语境。第二节 （共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Whenever I use public transport and if I get a place to sit, I offer that seat to someone who 41 (need) it more than I, especially to the elderly, to women or someone 42 (desperate) looking for a seat. I have made a habit of saying Thank you to those 43 are sacrificing their places for the fellow passengers on public transport.So many times I 44 (experience) that showing kindness in public places spreads like wildfire. I have seen that people around us get 45 (inspire) after seeing our kindness behavior and they themselves also start behaving similarly, 46 example, showing kindness in offering their places and adjusting 47 (they) to others. Observing and experiencing such things give huge joy and 48 (please). I keep thinking that goodness will spread around the world through these ways. Every human being has _49_ pure soul having all goodness, but the only need is 50 (come) out open to behave in a way that is already so natural within us. 【答案】【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章，讲述了作者每次乘坐公交车时总是会给有需要的人让座，作者认为在公共场合做好事会像野火一样迅速传播。43. who 考查定语从句的引导词。those who 表示做某事的那些人，who 引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，先行词是those，指人。44. have experienced 考查时态。根据前面的 So many times可知作者经历过很过次了，所以应用现在完成时。故填 have experienced。45. inspired 考查形容词。get inspired 表示受到启发，激励。故填 inspired。46. for 考查固定搭配。for example例如，为固定短语。故填 for。47. themselves 考查反身代词。当主语跟宾语是同一人时，宾语应用反身代词。adjust oneself to 意为调整自己以适应。48. pleasure 考查名词。所填空与 joy 并列，应用名词，且此处为不可数名词，故填 pleasure。49. a 考查冠词。每个人都拥有一颗至善的纯洁心灵。soul 在这里是抽象名词具体化，且此处表示泛指，应用不定冠词修饰。故填 a。50. to come 考查非谓语动词。不定式作表语强调的是一次性、具体的、将要发生的动作。故填 to come。第三部分 写作（共两节，满分 35 分）第一节 短文改错（共 10 小题；每小题 l 分，满分 10 分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。Last Sunday, I sat at my favorite table in a restaurant and wait for the food I had ordered to arrive. Suddenly I found that Lin Ling, one of my classmate, worked like a waitress there. Honest speaking, it was great surprise for me to find her working there. As far as I know, shes from a richer family. What was it that made her to work there? I walked up to her and asked her the reason. When asking, she said, I just want to earn some pocket money so that we can help some children in poor areas go back to school.How a good girl! I should learn from her.【答案】Last Sunday, I sat at my favorite table in a restaurant and for the food I had ordered to arrive. Suddenly I found that Lin Ling, one of my , worked a waitress there. speaking, it was great surprise for me to find her working there. As far as I know, she s from a family. What was it that made her work there? I walked up to her and asked her th