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Unit 3 Under the sea(一)课前自主学习.阅读单词知其意1anecdote n 轶事；奇闻2shore n. 岸；海滨3dimension n. 维(数)；方面；侧面4telescope n. 望远镜5tide n. 潮(汐)；潮水；潮流6flashlight n. 闪光信号灯；手电筒；闪光灯7grey adj.&n. 灰色(的)8steep adj. 陡峭的9Antarctic adj. 南极的10suck vt.& vi. 吮吸11seal n. 海豹；封条；印章12boundary n. 界限；分界线 13awesome adj. 使人敬畏的；令人畏惧的14pension n. 养老金；退休金15meantime adv. 其间；同时.重点单词写其形1seaside n&adj. 海边(的)；海滨(的)2yell vi. 大叫；呼喊n. 叫声；喊声3flee vi. 逃避；逃跑vt. 逃离4jog vi. 慢跑vt. 轻推；轻撞5pause vi.&n. 暂停；中止6drag vt. 拖；拉；扯7target n. 目标；靶；受批评的对象8opposite prep. 在对面adj. 相对的；相反的9annual adj. 每年的；按年度计算的n. 年刊；年鉴10witness vt. 当场见到；目击；见证n. 目击者；证人；证据纵联1 生动的；鲜明的；鲜艳的12dive vi.&n. 跳水(的动作)； 潜水(的动作)；俯冲13teamwork n. 协作；配合；合作14pure adj. 纯的；纯粹的；纯洁的纵联2 狭窄的；有限的；狭隘的16shallow adj. 浅的；肤浅的；浅显的17neat adj. 好的；整齐的；匀称的.拓展单词通其变1acmodation n住所；住宿acmodate vt.提供住宿2depth n深(度)；深处deep adj.&adv.深的(地)deeply adv.深深地deepen v使加深；使强烈；变深纵联33urge vt.催促；极力主张；驱策urgent adj.紧急的；急迫的；迫切的4abandon vt.放弃；遗弃；抛弃abandoned adj.被遗弃的；放纵的5relationship n关系；血缘关系；交往relate v使有联系；叙述；涉及related adj.有关系的；有关联的relation n关系；叙述6conservation n保存；保护conserve v保存纵联47reflect vi.思考 vt.映射；反射；思考reflection n反射；反映；映像8aware adj.意识到的；知道的awareness n意识；觉悟；认识9sharp adj.锐利的；锋利的；敏捷的sharpen v削尖；磨快；尖锐；变锋利sharpener n磨削的工具sharply adv.急剧地；鲜明地；严厉地10tasty adj.好吃的；可口的taste n味道 v品尝tasteless adj.无味的11scare vt.恐吓 vi.受惊吓scared adj.恐惧的；害怕的scary adj.恐怖的；可怕的纵联1.“viv/vit(生命)”育生机vivid adj.生动的revive vt.复活revival n复活 survive v存活；幸存survival n存活；幸存 vital adj.充满生机的纵联2.你不可不知道的“rrow”narrow adj.狭窄的 arrow n箭头borrow v借 sorrow n悲伤sparrow n麻雀 tomorrow n明天纵联3.“形容词和副词”同形的词deep adj.深的adv.在深处 close adj.亲密的adv.紧密地fast adj.快的adv.迅速地 direct adj. 直接的adv.直接地easy adj.容易的adv.从容地纵联4.好好“保护”conserve v保存 conservation n保护；保存protect v保护 protection n保护preserve v保护；保存 reserve n保护区单元话题海底世界子话题1海洋世界ocean/sea n海洋 beach n海滩wave n海浪 bay n海湾channel n海峡 sand n沙滩island n岛 harbour n港湾seashore n海岸 coast n海滨子话题2海洋生物seaweed n海草 dolphin n海豚starfish n海星 coral n珊瑚whale n鲸鱼 shark n鲨鱼seashell n海贝 sea horse海马turtle n海龟 gull n海鸥学考对接活学活用高考采撷(一)阅读中的词汇应用1(2018天津高考阅读D)Give yourself a test.Which way is the wind blowing? How many kinds of wildflowers can be seen from your front door? If your awareness is as as it could be, youll have no trouble answering these questions.Most of us observed much more as children than we do as adults.A childs day is filled with fascination, newness and wonder.Curiosity gave us all a natural (aware)选词填空：_B_AshapeBsharpCshallowsharp是一个多义词，在此处意为灵敏的。它还可意为“锋利的；急转的；骤然的”用aware的适当形式填空：awareness2(2016全国卷阅读D)Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of municating among people, just as some traditional Chinese and Thai persons do.Therefore, when a person from one of these cultures is speaking and suddenly stops， what may be implied (暗示) is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing.In these cultures, silence is a call for reflection.Other cultures may use silence in other ways, particularly when dealing with conflicts among people or in (relation) of people with different amounts of power.写出加彩单词在本单元的近义词：pause写出reflection在句中的含义：思考，在本单元的同根动词为：reflect用relation的适当形式填空：relationships高考采撷(二)写作中的词汇应用(根据汉语及提示词翻译句子)1(2018全国卷书面表达)这部由我们的老师和我们高中学生制作的电影很生动，也见证了我们学校的辉煌。(vivid, witness)Produced_by_our_teachers_and_us_senior_students,_the_movie_is_vivid_and_witnesses_the_glory_of_our_school_as_well.2(2018全国卷书面表达)值得一提的是，我们的排球队在全国中学排球比赛中两次获得年度冠军，这是我们强大的团队合作的结果。(annual, teamwork)_It_is_worth_mentioning_that_our_volleyball_team_won_the_annual_championship_twice_in_national_middle_school_volleyball_matches,_which_results_from_our_powerful_teamwork.(二)课堂重点释疑1witness vt.当场见到；目击；见证vi.为作证(to) n目击者；证人；证据辨清写出witness在句中的词性和含义Police have appealed for anyone who witnessed the incident to contact them. vt.目击(2017江苏高考)As a result its likely to see a rise in the size of its workingage population and to witness strong economic growth over the longer term. vt.见证The witnesses questioned by the police just now gave very different descriptions of the fight. n目击者；证人记牢(1)witness sth./that .目击witness to (doing) sth. 证实/证明(做)某事(2)a witness of/to sth.的目击者/见证人/证明/证据练通单句语法填空History has_witnessed (witness) the endless productions of Shakespearean plays in every major language of the world in the past few centuries.What the police did first was to question all the witnesses (witness) involved in the accident last week.These facts are a witness to his ignorance.写美句式升级(2018北京高考书面表达)We all had a really enjoyable time in the tea house.(witness v)The tea house witnessed_a_really_enjoyable_time for all of us.2urge vt.催促；极力主张；驱策n.强烈的欲望；冲动记牢(1)urge sb.to do sth.催促某人做某事urge/it is urged that .(should) do sth. 极力主张(2)have an urge to do sth. 渴望做某事(3)urgent adj. 紧急的；迫切的；急迫的urgently adv. 紧急地urgency n. 紧急；催促练通 单句语法填空(2016江苏高考)Parents should actively urge their children to_take (take) advantage of the opportunity to join sports teams.(2017全国卷)I never felt_an_urge to learn any sign language before.I make an urgent (urge) appeal that measures should be taken to cope with the situation.It is strongly urged by students that the library (should)_be_kept (keep) open during the weekend. 写美 补全句子(2016江苏高考书面表达)人们不仅在网上给自己投票，而且也催促别人给像“最美教师”和“最可爱的宝宝”这样的比赛投票。People not only cast online votes themselves, but also urge_others_to_vote_for_petitions like the“Most Beautiful Teacher” and the “Cutest Baby”3abandon vt.遗弃；抛弃；放弃；中止；使放纵n.放任；放纵记牢(1)abandon oneself to .沉湎于；纵情于abandon doing sth. 放弃做某事(2)abandoned adj. 被遗弃的；放纵的be abandoned to 沉湎于练通单句语法填空They abandoned carrying (carry) out the plan because of the lack of money.Soon they reached an abandoned (abandon) temple, where there once lived an old monk.句型转换Without worrying about anything, she abandoned herself to a life of pleasure.Without worrying about anything, she was_abandoned_to a life of pleasure.写美翻译句子我正要放弃希望，就在这时，我的爸爸过来鼓励我要继续下去。I was about to abandon hope when my father came and encouraged me to keep going.4reflect vt.映射；反射；反映；思考vi.思考记牢(1)reflect .in .在中映出的影像be reflected in 倒映在；反映在reflect on/upon sth. 反省/认真思考某事(2)reflection n. 反射；反照；反映；映像；沉思on reflection 再三考虑练通单句语法填空It seems beautiful that the tall buildings are_reflected (reflect) in the lake around which there are many trees.Usually a childs behaviour is a reflection (reflect) of his family relationship and growth environment.句型转换There are several reasons accounting for the phenomenon which is reflected in the picture.There are several reasons accounting for the phenomenon reflected_in_the_picture.(分词作定语)When she reflected on her volunteer experience, Tina felt proud of what she managed to achieve together with her local colleagues.Reflecting_on_her_volunteer_experience,_Tina felt proud of what she managed to achieve together with her local colleagues.(分词作状语)写美 补全句子(2015福建高考书面表达)重要的不是故事本身，而是故事中反应的道理。It is not the story itself but_what_is_reflected_in_the_story_that_counts.词汇过关综合训练 .单词拼写1It is the custom of this academy to make an annual (每年的) award for outstanding researchers in chemistry.2His good health is a witness (证据) to the success of the treatment.3Scientific studies have shown that making a habit of pausing (暂停) before you do something can actually have a big impact on how your life turns out.4In that country, people who talk too loudly on their mobile phones or eat smelly foods will face being dragged (拖；拉) off the underground train and handed D|S650 fines.5I would like to set a new target (目标) for my studies after I enter my ideal college.6Day in and day out, Rose, a_neat (整洁的), welldressed, darkhaired young woman carries out her work at an office in a business park near Cambridge.7Opposite (对面的) to the lecture hall is the art center, where there are many Chinese and foreign famous paintings.8The picture vividly (生动地) describes a very mon phenomenon in our society.9The weather was too hot, so I ran towards the seaside and dived (潜水) into the cool water.10Years of school life has taught me a lot of things, of which teamwork (协作) is the most important for me.单句语法填空1He described what he_had_witnessed (witness) in China，which aroused much interest among his countrymen.2When the time came to make the final decision for a course, I decided to apply for the one that reflected (reflect) my interest.3This morning I received a telephone call from my dentist, urging me to_e (e) to his practice for immediate treatment of my teeth.4I wish that sports day could be_abandoned (abandon) and replaced with some other less petitive events.5Only when everyone has the environmental awareness (aware) can we have cleaner air.6The music plays for 15 minutes at a time, with a few short pauses (pause) in between.7To everyones surprise, the CEO fled (flee) to the US, leaving his pany in a mess.8I was too scared (scare) to go into the water even though they tried to persuade me several times.根据提示补全句子1你应该留出时间反思你的成功和失败。(reflect)You should set aside some time to_reflect_on/upon_your_successes_and_failures.2没意识到保护环境的重要性是造成他们污染这条河流的原因。(aware)Not_being_aware_of_the_importance_of_protecting_the_environment accounts for their polluting the river.3感到无比沮丧，他让自己沉浸在伤感的音乐中。(abandon)Feeling frustrated, he abandoned_himself_to_sad_music.4为了规范圈养动物的放生，政府制定了野生动物保护法。(conservation)In order to regulate the release of captive animals, the government made_the_law_on_wildlife_conservation.5我极力主张他们制定一个规则，希望他们通过相互帮助广交朋友、学习更多知识。(urge)I urge_them_to_make_a_rule,_hoping that they will make more friends and learn more knowledge by helping each other.语境辨义根据语境选出形容词sharp的词义(A)急转弯的(B)急剧的 (C)灵敏的；机智的(D)锋利的 (E)尖刻的1Nowadays, there is a sharp increase in childrens creativity, for they are greatly encouraged to develop their talents._B_2I dislike the man; he has such a sharp tongue._E_3I cut my foot on a sharp knife._D_4You make a sharp right turn at the crossroads._A_5As far as I know, he has a sharp mind._C_(一)课前自主学习串记1瞄准；力求达到2Ahead of 优于；在前面3get_close_to 靠近；接近4hear_of 听说5(be)_scared_to_death 吓死了6upside_down 上下翻转7in_the_meantime 在此期间；与此同时串记2 帮助(某人)摆脱困境或危难9hold_up 举起；阻挡；使延误10be/bee_aware_of 对知道、明白；意识到同根短语串记串记1.“v.at”短语荟萃aim at瞄准point at指向arrive at到达 laugh at嘲笑knock at敲(门、窗等) call at 拜访某地stare at 凝视 glare at怒目而视串记2.“动词out”短语专辑help (.) out帮助(某人)摆脱困境work out 解决；算出；锻炼figure out 解决；算出find out 查明；弄清楚try out 试用；试验pick out 挑出；辨别出give out 分发；耗尽；用光run out 用光；耗尽carry out 实行；实施turn out 结果是；生产1at the_beginning of the 20th century 在20世纪初期2witness it with ones own eyes 亲眼目睹3sort out ones acmodation 整理某人的住宿4run down to the shore 跑到海边5crash down 坠落6the vivid colours 鲜艳的色彩7in the warm night air 在温暖的夜空下8beat widely 急剧地跳动着1It wasatimewhen the killer whales, or “killers” as they were then called, helped the whalers catch the baleen whales that were on their annual migration.那个时期，虎鲸(当时被称为“杀手”)帮助捕鲸人在每年须鲸迁徙时捕捉须鲸。2This was the call that announced there was_about_to_be a whale hunt.这是宣告捕鲸行动马上就要开始的呼声。3As we drew closer, I could_see_a_whale_being_attacked_by a pack of about six other killers.随着我们的逼近，我能看见一条鲸鱼正在被其他六条虎鲸袭击。4Im sitting in the warm night air with_a_cold_drink_in_my_hand and reflecting on the day a day of pure magic!我坐在温暖的夜空下，手里拿着一瓶冷饮，回忆着当天的事情这是神奇的一天！5The water was quite shallow but where the reef ended, there_was a steep drop to the sandy ocean floor.水很浅，但到了珊瑚礁的尽头，就有一个陡坡，一直下降到满是沙子的海底。学考对接活学活用高考采撷(一)阅读中的短语(补全句子/词汇升级)1(2016全国卷阅读A)You probably know who Marie Curie was, but you may not have heard_of (听说) Rachel Carson.2(2017全国卷完形填空)I soon realized that the silence was not unpleasant.Instead, if there had been any talking, it would have caused us to learn less.(用本单元的短语替换加彩词)became_aware_of高考采撷(二)写作中的短语和句式(补全句子)1(2018全国卷书面表达)你最好练习用筷子，或者让他们提前知道你需要叉子或勺子。And youd better practice using chopsticks or let them know ahead_of_time_that you need a fork or spoon.2(2015四川高考书面表达)我从你的帖子中了解到，你在提高普通话方面有困难。我愿意帮助你。I learned from your post that you have trouble improving your Mandarin.I am willing to_help_you_out.3(2014山东高考写作)正如一句谚语所说，有志者，事竟成。我们的心中有了强烈的信念，我们就一定会为此而奋斗，然后终有一天，我们的努力会有回报。(where引导地点状语从句，with复合结构)As a proverb goes, where there is a will, there is a way.With a strong will in ourheart,we are bound to struggle for it and our efforts will pay off one day.(二)课堂重点释疑短语集释1help (.) out帮助(某人)摆脱困境或危难；协助记牢(1)help sb.with/(to) do sth. 帮助某人某事/做某事cant help doing sth. 忍不住做某事cant help but do sth. 只得做某事；不得不做某事help yourself (to sth.) 随便自己动手(吃/用)(2)with the help of sb.with ones help在某人的帮助下be of help tobe helpful to/for对有帮助练通 单句语法填空I have been busy with my study and seldom help my parents with the housework.We think this is the opportunity for us youth to contribute to helping the victims out.(2017全国卷)I told the story to the class.As sad as it was, I couldnt help smiling (smile)写美一句多译(2018全国卷书面表达)希望这些建议对你有所帮助。Hopefully,_these_suggestions_would_be_helpful_to/for_you.Hopefully,_these_suggestions_would_be_of_help_to_you.2be/bee aware of 对知道、明白；意识到记牢(1)be aware that .意识到/体会到(2)awareness n. 意识；认识；觉悟develop an awareness of 逐渐懂得；培养的意识raise an awareness of 提高意识练通 单句语法填空Learning English not only increases my awareness (aware) of foreign cultures but also helps me to municate with Englishspeaking people and to make more new friends.In my opinion, its very important to develop an awareness of health now.I would like to speak for pandas so that I can learn more about how to protect them and raise peoples awareness of animal protection.写美 补全句子作为社会的一员，我意识到有责任感是建设一个更好的社会所需要的。As a member of society, I am_aware_that being responsible is what it takes to make a better society.句式集释1分词作宾语补足语教材原句As we drew closer, I could_see_a whale_being_attacked by a pack of about six other killers.悟拓展例句(1)(2015浙江高考)Listening to music at home is one thing, going to hear it being_performed (perform) live is quite another.(2)Listen! Do you hear someone calling (call) for help?(3)I was sleeping when I heard my name_shouted (shout)析用法规则用法归纳(1)being done表示“正在被”，它可以作宾语补足语，表示被动和进行。(2)除了being done可以作宾补之外，doing(现在分词)和done(过去分词)也可以作宾补。doing作宾补，表示动作为主动进行；done作宾补表示被动完成。注意事项being done除了作宾语补足语表示被动和正在进行外，还有以下句法功能：(1)作后置定语，表示被动和正在进行；(2)作宾语，表示被动；(3)作主语，表示被动。背写作佳句(1)They went off together and left me sitting there.(要点句)(2)(2017北京高考书面表达)Several days later, when we had the video being played on the graduation ceremony, the audience burst into applause, which surely gave us a great sense of achievement.(要点句)2where ., there be . “在的地方，有”教材原句The water was quite shallow but_where the reef ended, there_was a steep drop to the sandy ocean floor.悟拓展例句(1)We live where the road crosses the river.我们住在河流与街道交叉的地方。(2)As far as Im concerned, you are free to go wherever you like.就我个人而言，你愿意去哪里就去哪里。析用法规则用法归纳where ., there be .，意为“在的地方，有”， where引导地点状语从句。另外 wherever“无论什么地方，无论在何处”也可引导地点状语从句。注意事项where在句中引导地点状语从句时，很容易和引导定语从句相混淆，区别的关键在于where前面是否有需要修饰的先行词。High buildings have arisen where there was nothing a year ago.(状语从句) High buildings have arisen in the place where there was nothing a year ago.(定语从句，先行词为the place)背写作佳句(1)(2016江苏高考书面表达) Where we see petitions, there are online votes.(开头句)(2)(20176月浙江高考写作)We are going to meet at the school gate at 7 am.and cycle to the nearby mountain, where we can go hiking and enjoy a picnic.(要点句)词块、句式过关综合训练.选词填空bee aware of， in the meantime， help out， upside down， ahead of， hold up， be scared to death， get close to 1The reason is that more and more people are eager to get_close_to nature.2I know he is a little selfish; in_the_meantime,_I must admit he is a good worker.3From now on, dont take me to watch horrible movies.I was_scared_to_death last night.4The building work has been held_up by the bad weather.5To look for his lost magazine, the man turned the whole room upside_down.6There were still four people ahead_of me in the long queue.7In my opinion, we should make everyone bee_aware_of the importance and urgency of protecting the environment.8A good dictionary will help_out in ones reading.根据提示补全句子1我们正在接近一个时代，那时机器很可能在很多领域要比人聪明。(a time when)We are approaching atimewhenmachineswillbeprobablyclever than humans in many fields.2请记住：哪里有问题，哪里就有解决办法。(where ., there be .)Remember that where_there_is_a_problem,_there_is_always_a_solution.3随着圣诞节的来临，我们发现很多人都在忙着购物。(with复合结构)With_Christmas_drawing_closer,_we found many people busy in shopping.4当我打开门时，我发现我们的数学老师正被一群好奇的孩子们围着。(分词作宾语补足语)When I opened the door，I found our maths teacher being surrounded by a group ofcurious kids.5然而，当音乐会即将开始时，一件意想不到的事情发生了。(be about to)However, an unexpected thing happened when the_concert_was_about_to_start.概要写作阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。I talk a lot to myself. It helps me to keep my concentration on the activity in hand, makes me focus more on my studies, and gives me some pretty brilliant ideas while talking to myself; more importantly, I produce better works. Do you talk to yourself? Dont get embarrassed at admitting it because science has discovered that those who talk to themselves are actually geniuses but not crazies!Psychologist Gary Lupyan conducted an experiment in a supermarket where 20 volunteers were shown objects, and were asked to remember them. Half of them were told to repeat the objects, for example, bananas, and the other half remained silent. In the end, the result showed that selfdirected speech aided people to find the objects faster, pared with the silent ones.“I often talk to myself when searching for something in the refrigerator or on the supermarket shelves，” said Gary Lupyan. This personal experience actually made him conduct this experiment. Lupyan, together with another psychologist, Daniel Swigley, came up with the oute that those who talk to themselves are geniuses. Here are the reasons：When you are talking to yourself, your sensory mechanism gets activated. It gets easier on your memory since you can visualise (使具体化) the word, and you can act accordingly.Every one of us tends to have various types of thoughts. Most make sense, while the others dont. Suppose you are furious at someone and you feel like killing that person. Now for this issue you wont run to a doctor, will you? No, what you do is lock yourself in a room and mutter to yourself. You are letting go off the anger by talking to yourself about the pros and cons of killing that person, and eventually you calm down. This is a silly thought that you have and are unable to share it with any other person. Psychologist Linda Sapadin said, “It helps you clarify your thoughts, tend to whats important and firm up any decision you are thinking about.” 写作步骤第一步：归纳主旨大意主旨大意：本篇为说明文。文章的主题是“自言自语的
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