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Unit 3Back to the past一、单词表词汇全查验运用多媒体，提问默写词汇.阅读词汇(英译汉)第一屏听写 1civilization n 文明2BC abbr. 公元前3volcano n. 火山 4AD abbr. 公元5erupt vi. (火山等)爆发6mercial adj. 商业的，贸易的7sandstorm n. 沙尘暴，风沙 第二屏听写 8institute n (教育或其他专业)机构，研究所9aircraft n. 飞机10carrier n. 航空母舰，运输设备；运输公司11statue n. 雕塑，雕像12corrupt vt. 使腐化，使堕落adj. 贪污的，腐败的13*plain vi. 抱怨14*Roman n. 罗马人adj. 罗马的，罗马人的 第三屏听写 15*lava n 熔岩，火山岩16*workshop n. 作坊，车间17*historical adj. 历史的；与历史研究相关的18*solution n. 解决办法，解答19*pearl n. 珍珠20*philosophy n. 哲学 .高频词汇(汉译英)第四屏听写 1lecture n 讲座2found vt. 兴建，创建3ash n. 灰，灰烬4pour vi. 涌流，倾泻 vt. 倒出(液体)5unfortunate adj. 不幸的，遗憾的6mud n. 泥浆，烂泥第五屏听写 7decorate vt. 装饰，装潢8flee vt. & vi. 逃避，逃跑；迅速离开9researcher n. 研究者，调查者10truetolife adj. 逼真的11disaster n. 灾难12destroy vt. 毁坏，摧毁13wealthy adj. 富有的，富裕的 第六屏听写 14gradually adv.渐渐地，逐渐地15scholar n. 学者16cultural adj. 文化的17ruin n. 废墟；毁坏 vt. 破坏，毁灭18remains n. 遗物，遗迹，遗骸19beneath prep. 在之下 第七屏听写 20pot n 罐，壶21material n. 材料；物质adj. 物质的22document n. 文献，文件23explode vi. 爆炸24nearby adv. & adj. 在附近(的)25extreme adj. 极度的；极端的 第八屏听写 26bone n 骨骼，骨头27wooden adj. 木制的28leather n. 皮革29expression n. 表达；表情，神色30audience n. 观众，听众31cave n. 洞穴32ceremony n. 仪式，典礼 第九屏听写 33republic n 共和国；共和政体34chairman n. 主席35harbor n. 港口36navy n. 海军37powerful adj. 强有力的38airfield n. (军用)机场39bomb vt. 轰炸n. 炸弹 第十屏听写 40sailor n 水手，海员41fortunate adj. 幸运的42declare vt. 宣布，宣称43memorial n. 纪念馆，纪念碑adj. 纪念的44educate vt. 教育45troop n. 士兵；军队，部队第十一屏听写 46march vi. & n前进，进发；游行47glory n. 辉煌；荣耀，光荣48ahead adv. (时间、空间)在前面；提前，预先；领先49vast adj. 辽阔的；巨大的；大量的50salary n. 薪金，薪水51aware adj. 意识到的，知道的；察觉到的52basis n. 基础；基准；原因 第十二屏听写 53court n 法院，法庭；球场；宫廷54god n. 神，神灵55trial n. 审讯，审理；试验；考验56judge v. 判断；审判n. 法官，审判员；裁判员57poison n. 毒药(物)vt. 毒害，下毒 第十三屏听写 58take_over 夺取；接管59in_memory_of 纪念60no_doubt 无疑，确实61rise_up_against 起义，反抗62stand_in_ones_path 阻碍(某人)63e_down_with 患(病) 二、单元核心考点初热身提供语境，单元考点自测回顾 (一)分类识记单词用时少功效高识记单词写对.知其意(英译汉)1civilization n. 文明2volcano n. 火山3erupt vi. (火山等)爆发4mercial adj. 商业的，贸易的5sandstorm n. 沙尘暴，风沙6corrupt vt. 使腐化，使堕落adj. 贪污的，腐败的.写其形(汉译英)1lecture n讲座2scholar n. 学者3audience n. 观众，听众4pour vi. 涌流，倾泻vt. 倒出5found vt. 兴建，创建6researcher n. 研究者，调查者7.destroy vt.毁坏，摧毁8material n. 材料；物质adj. 物质的9document n. 文献，文件10nearby adv. & adj.在附近(的)11extreme adj. 极度的；极端的12vast adj. 辽阔的；大量的13salary n薪金，薪水14court n法院；球场；宫廷核心单词练通1.Your speech was heard by a group of five judges (裁判), all of whom agreed that it was the best one this year.2We have time and time again declared (声明) that we will never be the first to use nuclear weapons.3The enemy soldiers were fleeing (逃跑) in all directions when they were attacked. 4Along the way, at Kurla, you can visit the ruins (遗迹) of the Iron Fortress. 5Being offered the opportunity to speak at the graduation ceremony (典礼) made him overjoyed.6The flood last year in the south was a real disaster (灾难), leaving some people missing.7Their system is so far ahead (领先) because of a culture of looking after the environment.8The act itself of unwrapping and finally seeing what was beneath (在之下) the newspaper was exciting and memorable.9On arrival at the ancient village, you can find many cultural (文化的) relics.10Worried that his wife might plain (抱怨) about him, Tom did all housework before his wife came back.拓展单词用活记全记牢1unfortunate adj.不幸的，遗憾的unfortunately_adv.不幸地，倒霉地；令人遗憾地fortunate adj.幸运的fortunately adv.幸运地2decorate vt.装饰，装潢decoration n装饰，装饰品3wealthy adj.富有的，富裕的wealth n财富，财产4gradually adv.渐渐地，逐渐地gradual adj.渐渐的，逐渐的5remains n遗物，遗迹，遗骸remain v遗留，剩余；继续存在remaining adj.剩余的6explode vi.爆炸explosion n爆炸，爆发7wooden adj.木制的wood n木料；树木8expression n表达；表情，神色express vt.表达，表示9powerful adj.强有力的power n动力，权力powerless adj.无能的；无权力的10memorial n纪念馆，纪念碑adj.纪念的memory n记忆(力)；回忆memorize vt.记忆；背诵11educate vt.教育education n教育，培养educator n教育者，教育家12aware adj.意识到的，知道的；察觉到的awareness n认识，意识13basis n基础；基准；原因basic adj.基础的base n基地；根基；基础v.以为基础用准用活1The professor devoted her remaining years to the cause of studying the remains of the ancient castle.(remain)2In order to gain much wealth and fame, the singer left his hometown as a poor boy and finally returned as an extremely wealthy man.(wealth) 3After the president came to power,_everyone said he was a powerful leader, but now he feels so powerless that he even cant save his daughter.(power)4Someone made him aware of the effects of his actions.If so, he could gradually raise public moral awareness.(aware)5As is known to all, education is a gradual process, and now more and more parents are gradually aware of its importance.(gradual)6Though the trip to the memorial was over, it left a permanent memory on me. I will memorize the deeds done by heroes.(memory)7The puzzled expression on her face suggested that she didnt know how she could express her feelings properly.(express)8A bomb exploded in the market.The explosion was heard a mile away.(explode)1.“走”遍天下wander vi.漫步；闲逛pace v. 踱步；缓慢而行crawl v. 爬行；匍匐行进march v. 行军，进军rush v. 冲；奔；闯walk v. 散步；步行2“演讲，报告”一起听speech 报告；演讲report 报告lecture 演讲，讲座address 演讲，致辞3.“n.n.”合成词一览steamboat汽船armchair 扶手椅sandstorm 沙尘暴teamwork 协作airfield (军用)机场4词根“rupt”“破”法多erupt 火山“爆发”向外破interrupt “打搅”是在中间破corrupt “腐败”是共同破abrupt “唐突”把气氛打破bankrupt 银行打破是“破产”5.“仪式”面面观opening ceremony开幕式closing ceremony 闭幕式wedding ceremony 结婚典礼funeral (ceremony) 葬礼celebration 庆典feast/banquet 宴会6“纪念；记忆”相关词memory n 记忆；记忆力memorize v. 记忆，记住memorial n. 纪念碑monument n. 纪念碑(二)语段串记短语不枯燥兴趣高先 写 对再 用 准第一组1.rise_up_against起义，反抗2.in_memory_of 纪念3.stand_in_ones_path 阻碍(某人)4.e_down_with 患(病)5.be_buried_alive 被活埋6.less_than 少于In my hometown, there was a statue set up in_memory_of a brave officer calling on the villagers to rise_up_against the enemies during World War . Even though he came_down_with a serious illness, he never let it stand_in_his_path. He was a hero in the heart of the villagers.第二组1.take_over夺取；接管2.no_doubt 无疑，确实3.pour_out 涌出4.carry_out 实施；执行5.make_sb._aware_of 让某人意识到6.take_part_in 参加There was no_doubt David took_over the pany when his father retired. All the board members took_part_in the meeting yesterday, and David delivered the keynote address. He made_them_aware_of the determination that he would carry_out his duty faithfully.第三组1.focus_on集中(精力)于2.turn_out 结果是，证明是3.break_down 毁掉；身体垮掉4.have_enough_of 对感到厌烦5.together_with 与一起6.on_board 在船上(飞机上或火车上)There will be times when you meet with disappointment and have_enough_of your present life. Life wont always turn_out the way you want. This is just another thing youll have to learn to deal with. But instead of letting you break_down,_push on. Accept disappointment and focus_on pursuing your dreams.1.“undern.”短语荟萃under protection受保护under consideration 在考虑中under construction 在建造中under control 在控制中under discussion 在讨论中under guarantee 在保修期内2.“onn.”短语集锦on sale出售on fire 着火on trial 在试用on strike 在罢工on business 出差on display/show 在展出3.“non.”短语小结no doubt无疑，确实no wonder 难怪no way 没门，不行no hurry 不急，勿慌no problem 没问题no surprise 毫无意外4.“对感到厌烦”表达种种be/grow tired ofbe fed up withbe bored withbe sick ofhave enough of(三)仿写用活句式造佳句表达高背 原 句明 句 式学 仿 写1.Near the city was a volcano.离该城不远处有一座火山。表示地点或处所的介词短语置于句首时，句子使用全部倒装。(2017北京高考满分作文)一个美丽的现代都市泰安坐落于泰山脚下。At_the_foot_of_Mount_Tai_sits a beautiful modern city Taian.2.The desert was once a green land with huge trees, but they were cut down and that resulted in the city being buried by sand what a pity! 这片沙漠曾是一块长着参天大树的绿洲，但是大树被砍倒了，这导致了这座城市被风沙覆盖多么遗憾啊！动名词的复合结构(名词v.ing形式)作主语、宾语等。(2018天津高考满分作文)老实说，我相信你加入我们的队伍会让我们受益匪浅。Honestly speaking, I believe your_joining our team will benefit us a lot.3.In less than 9 minutes, the ship sank with 1,177 men on board.在不到9分钟的时间里，船连同船上的1 177人都沉了下去。“with宾语介词短语”复合结构，在句中可作状语或定语。(2018全国卷满分作文)而且，随着体育馆的建立，许多体育赛事可以在此举行。Moreover, with_the_stadium_set_up,_a wide range of sports events are able to be held here.考点新组合阅读微技能According to the news from BBC, an explosion ruined a gas station in Syria. Hundreds of residents nearby fled in all directions. Later on, the police took over the gas station, looked into the case and cleared up the remains of the explosion. So far there has been no people or group that declared to be responsible for it. I wish there wouldnt be violence and terror in the world and everyone could live in peace.1.处时间状语so far意为到目前为止，所在句子使用现在完成时态。2.处wish后的宾语从句中用的虚拟语气，谓语动词形式为：would/could/should/mightdo，表示将来不大可能实现的愿望。1ruin nC(pl.)废墟，遗迹；U毁坏，毁灭，崩溃vt.破坏；毁灭；使破产(1)lie/be in ruins成为废墟fall into ruin 毁灭；毁坏bring . to ruin 使毁灭；使没落；使破产(2)ruin sth./sb. 毁坏某物/某人ruin ones health/fame/future 毁掉某人的健康/名誉/前途多角练透介词填空The old house where he was born has fallen into ruin.The big earthquake brought the city to ruin.完成句子That city lay/was_in_ruins after the hurricane.飓风过后，那座城市成了一片废墟。Drunk driving not only ruined_himself but also killed several passersby.醉驾不仅毁掉了他自己还导致几名过路人死亡。单句写作(2017江苏高考书面表达)一些不好的因素正在破坏着电影产业的未来，因此电影产业应该做出更大努力来吸引更多的观众。Some_bad_factors_are_ruining_the_future_of_film_industry,_so_great_efforts_should_be_made_to_attract_more_audience._2flee vt.& vi.逃避，逃跑；迅速离开flee someplace逃离某地flee to someplace 逃到某地flee from escape from 从逃离题点全练完成句子When the war broke out, he fled_to Yunnan of China with his wife.战争爆发后，他携妻子逃到了中国云南。The people got into a panic and fled_from_the_fire.人们惊恐万分地逃离了火灾现场。单句写作(2016四川高考书面表达)我喜欢去河里游泳以逃离夏天的酷热。I_like_to_swim_in_the_river_to_flee_from_the_extreme_heat_in_summer.3remains n遗物，遗迹，遗骸；剩余物(1)the remains of . 的遗迹(2)remain(3)remaining adj. 剩余的多角练透单项填空John was caught _ his neighbours money the other day. According to the police, the details of the case still remained _.Ato steal; investigatedBstealing; to be investigatedCstealing; investigatingDstolen; being investigated解析：选B句意：几天前约翰被当场抓住偷邻居的钱。据警方透露，案件的细节有待调查。根据语境可知，steal这个动作被当场发现，故第一空用现在分词形式；sth.remain to be done 为固定结构，意为“某事有待被做”，故选B。用所给词的适当形式填空It remains to_be_seen (see) whether the news that a new library will be built in our school is true.The guests came in, but she remained seated (seat) at the desk reading.He bought a new pen with the remaining (remain) money.The poor man ate the remains (remain) of the dishes hungrily.补全句子But that moment I met her will remain_in_my_mind_and_my_heart_forever.但我遇见她的那一刻，将永远留在我的脑海和我的心中。名师指津当表示“剩余的，剩下的”时，常把remaining放在被修饰词之前作前置定语，而left常放在被修饰词之后作后置定语。4declare vt.宣布，宣称；宣告；声明declare sb./sth. to be宣布某人或某事是declare for/against 表示赞成/反对declare war (on/against) (向)宣战declare that 宣布题点全练完成句子We must declare_war_against our enemies.我们必须向敌人宣战。I declare_to_you_that I have never lied about the affair.我向你声明，我在这件事上从来没有说过谎。The Chinese government has_declared_against terrorism openly.中国政府公开反对恐怖主义。The court declared_her_husband_to_be innocent.法庭宣布她的丈夫无罪。5take over夺取，占据；接替；接管归纳拓展take away拿走；夺走take down 写下，记下；拆卸take in 吸收；理解；欺骗；收容take off 起飞；匆匆离去；脱下；大获成功take on 接纳；雇佣；呈现；承担take up 拿起；接受；占据；开始从事；继续应用领悟His widow has taken over the running of his empire, including six London theatres. 他的遗孀已接手管理他创下的帝国，其中包括 6 家伦敦剧院。No other organisation was able or willing to take on the job.没有任何别的组织有能力或愿意承担此项工作。I know how busy you must be and naturally I wont want to take up too much of your time.我知道您肯定特别忙，我当然不想占用您太多的时间。考点新组合阅读微技能With the development of urban industrialization, more and more farmers pour into large cities, leaving their kids and old parents alone in the countryside. Many kids plain that they cant feel the love and warmth from their parents. The government has been aware of the problem and introduced policies to allow kids to receive education in the city.1.处现在分词短语leaving their kids and old parents alone in the countryside在句中作结果状语，常表示意料、情理之中的自然而然的结果。alone在短语中作宾语补足语。2.处introduced可替换成单词presented。3.处动词不定式短语作后置定语，修饰说明policies。6plain vi.抱怨(1)plain (to sb.) about/of sth./that .(向某人)抱怨plain of sth. 诉说(病痛等)(2)plaint n. 抱怨；投诉make a plaint against/about . 对进行投诉题点全练完成句子Those who are going through the unpleasant time often plain_about how hard their lives are.那些过得不开心的人经常抱怨他们的生活有多么艰难。Many people plain_that their jobs are uninteresting and stressful.许多人抱怨他们的工作既无趣又有压力。Id like to make_a_plaint_about the noise upstairs.我要就楼上的噪音问题提出投诉。单句写作(2015江苏高考书面表达)我们应该严格自愿地遵守交通规则，在红灯时停车，而不是抱怨交通堵塞。We_should_strictly_and_voluntarily_follow_traffic_rules,_stopping_at_the_red_light_rather_than_plaining_about_traffic_jams.7aware adj.意识到的，知道的；察觉到的(1)be aware that .知道，体会到be/bee aware of 知道/意识到make sb. aware of/that . 使某人意识到(2)awareness n. 认识，意识raise awareness about/of 提高对的认识多角练透单项填空Ordinary person though she is, she tries every means to make people _ of the importance of the environment conservation.AawareBcarefulCsensible Dawesome解析：选A考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管她只是一个普通人，她仍然尽力让人们知道保护环境的重要性。make sb. aware of sth.“让某人意识/注意到某事”，符合句意。完成句子I did not bee_aware_of_the_danger until he warned me.直到他警告我，我才意识到危险。James was_not_aware_that his own weakness was his greatest enemy.詹姆斯没有意识到他自己的弱点是他最大的敌人。We must further raise_awareness_of the importance of emergency work.我们要进一步提高对应急工作重要性的认识。单句写作(2015江苏高考书面表达)一些驾驶员、骑自行车的人和行人缺乏遵守交通规则的意识，因为他们似乎意识不到哪些应该做、哪些不应该做。Some_drivers,_cyclists_and_pedestrians_lack_the_awareness_of_obeying_the_traffic_rules_for_the_reason_that_they_seem_unaware_of_the_dos_and_donts_on_the_road.8with复合结构教材原句In less than 9 minutes, the ship sank with_1,177_men_on_board.在不到9分钟的时间里，船连同船上的1 177人都沉了下去。“with宾语宾语补足语”构成的复合结构作状语时，表原因、条件、方式等。主要结构如下：with宾语With_her_eyes_fixed_on the work attentively, she didnt know what was happening outside. 因为她的注意力都集中在工作上，她不知道外面发生的事情。I cant go to the cinema with you with so_much_homework_to_do.有这么多作业要完成，我不能和你一起去看电影。He felt more uneasy with the whole class staring_at_him.全班同学都盯着他看，他感到更不自然了。考点新组合阅读微技能Today is our parents 20th wedding anniversary. In memory of this meaningful day, our family holds a party. My sister insists on everyone giving their own performances. We have made every arrangement ahead of time, so there is no doubt that everything is going well. Judging from their looks, I know that my parents are happy and proud of my sister and me.1.处可转化为复合句：My sister insists that everyone_should_give_their_own_performances。2.处短语ahead of time可替换为ahead_of_schedule或in_advance。9judge n法官；审判员；裁判员 vt.判断；审判；裁判练牢基点写出下列句中judge的含义He stood emotionless as he heard the judge pass sentence. 法官A judge decides who will be the winner of a petition. 裁判员Judging from what he has just said, the pany will reduce the staff. 判断系统考点(1)judge .from/by .从来判断judge between right and wrong 判断是非as far as I can judge 据我判断；我认为(2)judging by/from从上看；根据判断(3)judgment n. 判断练通重点用所给词的适当形式填空Judging (judge) from the response of the audience, the performance was a success.All under 30 years old, the candidates were examined by a group of judges (judge) in their fields. 完成句子You should never judge_persons_by their looks.你绝不能以貌取人。As_far_as_I_can_judge,_it is more likely that you will get the job.据我判断，你更有可能得到那份工作。Judging_from_what_you_say in your letter, you dont feel well.根据你信中所说的判断，你感觉不太好。名师指津judging from/by用在句首时，为一个独立成分，不受句子主语和时态影响，只用现在分词作状语而不用过去分词的形式。10in memory of纪念归纳拓展in terms of就而言in need/want of 需要in favor of 赞同；支持in praise of 赞扬in honour of 为了向表示敬意in view of 鉴于，考虑到，由于in search of 寻找应用领悟Most people are a mixture of optimism and pessimism, but are in favor of one direction or the other.大多数人都是乐观主义和悲观主义的混合体，但会倾向于一个方向或另一个方向。Deeds are better than words when people are in need/want of help.当有人需要帮助的时候，行动胜于言语。11no doubt无疑，确实(1)There is no doubt that .毫无疑问There is some doubt whether . 怀疑是否without doubt 毫无疑问(2)dont doubt that . 不怀疑doubt whether/if . 怀疑/不相信是否多角练透完成句子There_is_no_doubt_that more and more people prefer shopping online nowadays.毫无疑问现在越来越多的人喜欢网上购物。There_is_some_doubt_whether he can win the first prize.他是否能赢得一等奖还有些疑问。I never doubt_that special classes can help the gifted children to take their place in life sooner.我从不怀疑，特殊班级能够帮助这些有天赋的学生更早地在生活中找到他们的位置。I doubt_whether/if my cousin will accept his invitation.我怀疑我的表妹是否会接受他的邀请。单句写作(2015广东高考书面表达)毫无疑问，它可以增强人们的健康意识，但是更有可能导致过度焦虑。There_is_no_doubt_that_it_can_enhance_peoples_consciousness_of_health,_but_it_is_more_likely_to_result_in_overanxiety.12动名词的复合结构教材原句The desert was once a green land with huge trees, but they were cut down and that resulted in the_city_being_buried_by_sand what a pity!这片沙漠曾是一块长着参天大树的绿洲，但是大树被砍倒了，这导致了这座城市被风沙覆盖多么遗憾啊！动名词的复合结构主要有两种情况：(1)名词所有格/名词的普通格doing(2)形容词性物主代词/人称代词的宾格doingI cant imagine Marys/Mary_marrying such a young man.我无法想象玛丽嫁给一个这样的年轻人。I knew nothing about the_window_being_open.我一点也不知道窗户敞开着。名师指津如果动名词的复合结构作主语，其逻辑主语用形容词性物主代词或名词所有格。Nixons visiting China marked a new era between US. and China diplomatic relations.尼克松访问中国标志着中美外交关系进入一个新的时代。 单元语基落实.单词拼写1They were marching (前进) forward despite the heavy rain because they had to reach the destination before dark.2As is known to all, America declared (宣布) war on Japan in 1941.3Enough rest and proper diet have brought back her strength gradually (逐渐地)4With its natural resources, it is potentially a very wealthy (富有的) country.5Human facial expressions (表情) differ from those of animals in the degree to which they can be controlled on purpose. 6When his business in England failed, he tried to kill himself by taking poison (毒药)7I believe that people will be ready to take up their share of responsibility for environmental protection when they are aware (意识到的) of the dangers the earth is exposed to. 8The audience (听众) are listening carefully, and the professor feels a bit excited.9The new university held its opening ceremony (典礼) on Sept 3 to wele its first freshmen. 10As a learned scholar (学者), Mr. Li will deliver a speech about traditional Chinese culture.11No one was injured in the explosion, but the building was pletely destroyed (破坏)12He doesnt know what is waiting ahead (在前面) of him.13All these cultural (文化的) aspects are important to language learners if they want to get a better understanding of the language itself.14He was educated (教育) at the local high school, after which he went on to Beijing University.15The pany, founded (创办) in 2014, moved its headquarters to the zone last year where it established a base and training center. .单项填空1Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, bu
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