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必修一 Unit 5 课下语篇提能练.阅读理解AIn celebration of Womens History Month, here are a few of the millions of women that have broken all conventional rules to make a difference in the world.Susan B. AnthonyBorn on February 15,1820，Susan BAnthony was a womens rights activist in the US.She spent many years campaigning for womens right to vote. Anthony was also against slavery, helping support the passage of the Civil War Amendments. She also lent her voice to the battle for equal pay and educational opportunities for all.Anne Frank Anne Frank grew up in a happy family.However, things changed when Hitler came to power.Anne and her family were forced to hide inside a tiny house, where the young girl recorded her familys fears and struggles.Even after all these years，her journal, Anne Frank：The Diary of a Young Girl, continues to be popular with people across all ages and cultures.Aung San Suu KyiDetermined to bring democracy (民主) to Myanmar, Aung San Suu Kyi founded the National League for Democracy (NLD). Suu Kyis open displeasure with the government resulted in her spending much of the time between 1989 and 2010 in prison or under house arrest. In 1991, Suu Kyi received the Nobel Peace Prize. In 2015, five years after she had been freed, Suu Kyis NLD Party won a great victory in the general elections.Malala YousafzaiMalala Yousafzai was born to a Pakistani educator and poet. When the Taliban declared that girls should not be educated, the worlds youngest Nobel Prize winner decided to challenge these unfair policies (政策). On October 9, 2012, she was shot and badly injured. Since recovering, Malala continues her fight for girls education. Her bravery is encouraging young people all over the world to stand up for what they believe is right.1Who made a great contribution to womens right to vote?AAnne Frank.BMalala Yousafzai.CSusan B. Anthony. DAung San Suu Kyi.解析：选C细节理解题。根据Susan B. Anthony部分的介绍“She spent many years campaigning for womens right to vote.”可知答案。2Why was Aung San Suu Kyi put into prison?AShe refused to leave Myanmar.BShe demanded that the democrats be freed.CShe voiced dissatisfaction with the government.DShe blamed the government for its economic policy.解析：选C细节理解题。根据Aung San Suu Kyi部分的介绍“Suu Kyis open displeasure with the government resulted in her spending much of the time between 1989 and 2010 in prison” 可知，昂山素季因为表达对政府的不满而被投入监狱。3Which of the following can be used to describe the women mentioned in the text?ABrave and inspiring. BReliable and devoted.CHonest and responsible. DConsiderate and optimistic.解析：选A推理判断题。根据第一段中的“here are a few of the millions of women that have broken all conventional rules to make a difference in the world”和文章中对四位女性的介绍可以推知，她们的英勇事迹激励了很多人。BHenrietta Swan Leavitt was born on July 4, 1869, in Massachusetts.Little is known about her private life.As a college student, she studied a number of subjects and fell in love with astronomy.Leavitt never married and was considered a serious woman with little time to waste on unimportant aspects of life.Her coworkers described her as pleasant and friendly, and much focused on the importance of the work she was doing.She began to lose her hearing as a young woman due to a condition that only worsened with time.In 1893, she began working at Harvard College Observatory under the direction of astronomer EC.Pickering.He directed a group of women, who were called “puters”These “puters” conducted important astronomy research by studying photographic plates (照相底片) of the sky and cataloging (编目录) characteristics of stars.The women were not allowed to operate telescopes, which limited their ability to conduct their own research.They lived at a time when womens contributions were undervalued or ignored.Henrietta Leavitt continued her research until just before her death, always thinking of herself as an astronomer, despite her start as a nameless “puter” in Pickerings department.While Leavitt was not officially recognized during her life for her work, Harlow Shapley, the astronomer who was the Harvard College Observatory director, did recognize her worth and made her head of Stellar Photometry in 1921.At that time Leavitt was suffering from cancer, and she died at the same year. This prevented her from being recognized as a Nobel Prize owner for her contributions.After her death, her name was placed on a lunar crater (月球陨石坑), and asteroid (小行星) 5383 Leavitt carries her name.At least one book has been published about her and her name is usually mentioned as part of the history of astronomical contributions.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。在大学的时候，Leavitt就对天文学产生了浓厚的兴趣。虽然那个年代存在对女性的歧视，但这并没有影响Leavitt取得非凡的成就。4What can we learn about Leavitt?AShe was hard to get along with.BShe suffered from cancer in childhood.CShe never regarded herself as an astronomer.DShe became interested in astronomy at college.解析：选D细节理解题。根据文章第一段的“As a college student, she studied a number of subjects and fell in love with astronomy.”可知，Leavitt在大学期间就对天文学产生了兴趣。5Why were the women regarded as “puters”？AThey devoted themselves to science.BThey were looked down upon by others.CThey used to serve as working puters.DThey knew nothing but photographic plates.解析：选B推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“They lived at a time when womens contributions were undervalued or ignored.”可以推断出，她们被人们叫做“puters”是因为在那个年代，女性的成就是被人低估或忽视的。6What happened after Leavitts death?AShe was honored in a special way.BA Nobel Prize was awarded to her.COne of her books was published.DHer achievements were ignored.解析：选A细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“After her death, her name was placed on a lunar crater (月球陨石坑), and asteroid (小行星) 5383 Leavitt carries her name.”可知，Leavitt去世后人们用特别的方式纪念她。7Which of the following can best describe Leavitt?ADevoted. BGenerous.CReliable. DEnergetic.解析：选A推理判断题。通读全文可知，Leavitt热爱天文学，对工作认真，尽管生前没有得到应有荣誉但对工作兢兢业业，很有奉献精神。CBorn in London in 1825, Thomas Henry Huxley was one of the greatest men of the nineteenth century.In 1846 Thomas Henry Huxley was appointed assistant doctor aboard HM.S. Rattlesnake.The ship had been asked to survey areas of the Great Barrier Reef and the neighboring seas.This gave Thomas Henry Huxley an opportunity to study animal life and was the start of his biological career.The voyage lasted four years, during which time he gathered much information on plankton (浮游生物)On his return from the voyage, Thomas Henry Huxley was made a member of the Royal Society in recognition of his scientific work.Although he continued to publish papers about plankton, his interest was turning towards vertebrate (有脊椎的) animals.For some time Thomas Henry Huxley and his workmates had been discussing the possibility that animal species had evolved (进化), one from another.No satisfactory theories had been put forward, but in 1859 Darwins Origin of Species appeared.Thomas Henry Huxley at once realized its importance and how the theory of natural selection provided “the working hypothesis (假说) we sought”For the rest of his life Thomas Henry Huxley struggled to ensure the full recognition of Darwins work.In 1863 Thomas Henry Huxley published Mans place in Nature in which he pared man and great apes (猿)He clearly showed similarities.Despite his many achievements, he was given no award by the British state until late in his life.From about 1870, Thomas Henry Huxley was too involved in other things to continue actual research.He had always been interested in education.He pioneered the teaching of biology and his method of selecting “type animals” is still followed today.He spent the last ten years of his life writing essays mainly on biology.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英国生物学家、教育家赫胥黎的生平以及他的主要科学研究。8Why did Huxley go on the voyage?ATo explore the deep sea.BTo do research on sea animals.CTo work as a doctor on the ship.DTo gather information for his paper.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第一段的“In 1846 Thomas Henry Huxley was appointed assistant doctor aboard HM.S.Rattlesnake.”可知，赫胥黎进行这次航行的最初目的是在船上担任助理医生。9How did Huxley react to the theory of natural selection?AHe had doubt about it.BHe thought highly of it.CHe couldnt understand it.DHe thought he developed it first.解析：选B推理判断题。根据第二段的“Thomas Henry Huxley at once realized its importance and how the theory of natural selection provided the working hypothesis (假说) we sought”可知，赫胥黎很重视达尔文的自然选择学说。10What do we know about Huxleys book Mans Place in Nature?AIt discusses the importance of human beings.BIt focuses on Darwins theory of natural selection.CIt talks about the differences between man and apes.DIt provides evidence about the evolution of man from apes.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第三段的内容可知，赫胥黎在他的著作人类在自然界的位置中比较了人类与猿之间的相似处，说明他们在进化过程中的联系。11What can we learn about Huxley from the last paragraph?AHe continued his research till his death.BHe contributed a lot to biology teaching.CHe never got awards for his achievements.DHe became a good novelist late in his life.解析：选B细节理解题。根据最后一段的“He had always been interested in education.He pioneered the teaching of biology and his method of selecting type animals is still followed today.”可知，赫胥黎在生物教学方面做出了很大的贡献。.阅读七选五In todays fastpaced world, busy lifestyle easily puts stress on relationships.Disappointment is a fact of life.Sometimes other people will unavoidably disappoint you or let you down._1_ But you dont have to let it prevent you living a happy and successful life.The tips below can help you recover from the hurt or anger.Allow your feelings._2_ Dont try to hide them, because its natural to feel disappointed when the people you trust dont e through for you.Putting the feelings into words can help.Figure out why you feel so let down or betrayed._3_ Do you need understanding, support, mitment or consideration? Let yourself feel the disappointment of the unmet need and then accept it or e up with ways you can meet the unmet need for yourself._4_ Think about whether it would be useful to speak up about your feelings of disappointment or betrayal.If you decide to speak up, think about how you could do so mindfully rather than with angry reactions that can make things worse.Set boundaries if you need to.If youve spoken up clearly and the person still doesnt take responsibility or change their behavior, how can you best take care of yourself? _5_ Boundaries can help you feel emotionally safe, and they help restore your selfrespect.ADecide if you need to speak up.BYou cant stop people from letting you down.CLearn to be your own supporter and best friend.DDecide if this is someone you still want in your life.EFeeling refused or betrayed can cause sadness, anxiety or anger.FIf you need practical help, consider turning to your parents or friends.GThink about what needs of yours arent being met by this persons response.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。当别人让你失望的时候，你该怎么办？本文作者提出了几点建议。1选B上文指出，在生活中，有时候别人会让你感到失望，这是无法避免的。由空后的But可知，本空与后面一句为意义上的转折关系。尽管你不能阻止别人让你失望，但你可以不让这样的失望阻碍你过快乐、成功的生活。2选E空后一句中的them即指该选项中提到的sadness, anxiety or anger等情感，故选E项。3选G本段首句提出建议：找出让你感到失望的原因。本空内容承接上句内容：想一想你的哪些需要没有被对方满足。你需要理解、支持、承诺，还是关心？本段最后一句中的the unmet need也是提示。4选A本空为本段的中心句：判断你是否应该大声说出来。本空后的两句都围绕speak up 这一方法展开说明，因此，speak up为关键词。5选D上句指出，即使你清楚地告诉他们你的失望，有的人还是不会负责任，依旧不改变。那你生活中还需要这样的人吗？你最好与他们划清界线，由此逻辑可判断选D项。
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