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Module 6 War and Peace 一积词汇见多识广课内单词回扣(一)阅读词汇写其义1heroism n英雄主义，英雄气概2.confidential adj. 机密的，秘密的3constitution n. 宪法 4.sacrifice n. 牺牲5condemn v. 责难；谴责 6.drown v. 淹死，使溺死(二)表达词汇写其形1eventually adv.最后，最终2.overlook v俯视，往下看3rescue v. 营救，拯救 4.drop v. 扔下，投下5._view n. 观点 6.afterwards adv. 后来7despite prep. 不管，不顾 8.worthwhile adj. 值得做的，有价值的(三)拓展词汇灵活用1liberation n解放liberate vt.解放*2.abandon v放弃，抛弃abandoned adj.被放弃的，被遗弃的*3.survivor n幸存者survive v幸存下来survival n幸存4invade v入侵，侵略invasion n入侵，侵略invader n侵略军，侵略者*5.occupy v占领，占据，占用occupation n占领；占用；职业occupied adj.被占领的；忙于*6.shocked adj.(感到)震惊的，惊骇的shocking adj.令人震惊的shock vt.使震惊 n震惊，吃惊7wound v使受伤wounded adj.受伤的*8.courage n勇气，胆量encourage vt.鼓舞，鼓励encouragement n鼓舞，鼓励encouraging adj.令人振奋的encouraged adj.受鼓励的*9.nationality n国籍national adj.国家的nation n国家10unload v卸下(反义词)load v装载用上面标注*的单词的正确形式填空1He is a teacher by occupation,_and his time is fully occupied with his students.He always thinks about his work, and how to teach the students well occupies his mind. (occupy)2In the match, all my classmates encouraged me to try hard, and their encouragement gave me more confidence and courage.At last, I got an encouraging result. (courage)3It is necessary that we master some basic skills, which will greatly increase our chances of survival. Luckily, I survived the terrible car crash last week and I was the only survivor of the accident. (survive)4One winter morning we came across an abandoned puppy on the street. I wondered who it was that abandoned such a cute puppy. (abandon)5We were shocked at the shocking news that he died yesterday. (shock)6Britain is a developed nation and its national flower is rose. Many people dream of having British nationality.(nation)话题单词积累1dynasty/dInstI/ n朝代2emperor/emp()r /n. 皇帝 3queen/kwin/ n. 女王，王后4slavery/sleIv()rI/ n. 奴隶制度5battle/bt()l/ n. 战斗；战役6conflict/knflIkt/ n. 冲突7origin/rIdIn/ n. 起源；由来8weapon/wep()n/ n. 武器9aggression/re()n/ n. 侵略10revolution/revlu()n/ n. 革命11uprising/praIzI/ n. 起义12incident/InsId()nt/ n. 事变13disaster/dIzst/ n. 灾难14poverty/pvtI/ n. 贫穷15violence/vaIl()ns/ n. 暴力16sorrow/sr/ n. 痛苦17ignore/In/ v. 忽视，不顾18unite/junaIt/ v. 联合，团结19launch/lnt/ v. 发动；发射20betray/bItreI/ vt. 出卖，泄露(机密)21escape/IskeIp/ vi. 逃跑；逃走22historic/hIstrIk/ adj. 历史上著名的23historical/hIstrIk()l/ adj. 与历史有关的24empire/empaI/ n. 帝国25kingdom/kIdm/ n. 王国26president/prezId()nt/ n. 总统27religion/rIlId()n/ n. 宗教28religious/rIlIds/ adj. 宗教的29peaceloving/pislvi/ adj. 爱好和平的30racial/reI()l/ adj. 种族的31attack/tk/ vt.& n. 进攻，攻击32explode/Ikspld/ vi. 爆炸33abolish/blI/ vt. 废除；取消34immigrant/ImIr()nt/ n. 移民35independence/IndIpend()ns/ n独立二积短语顿挫抑扬课内短语回扣(一)根据汉语写出下列短语*1.be_involved_in卷入，陷入；涉及*2.to_ones_astonishment 令某人惊讶的是3drink_to 为干杯*4.declare_war_on 向宣战*5.make_a_breakthrough 取得重大突破(进展)*6.pick_up 停下来让某人搭车(船等)；(偶然)学会7draw_attention_to 引起注意*8.refer_to 提及；参考；查阅；指的是(二)用上面标注*的短语完成下列句子1Although he didnt mention any name, everyone knew who he was referring_to.2She picked_up a lot of French when she was in France.3After the Japanese bombed Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941, the US.declared_war_on Japan and Germany.4As we all know, Chinese scientists have made_a_breakthrough in the aerospace.5To_my_astonishment,_they arrived on time despite the fact that they started off two days late.6If you are_involved_in an accident, you are required to remain at the scene until the officer lets you go.话题短语积累1in peace和平2at war 交战3turn against 背叛4serve in the army 服役5defend .against . 防御6devote .to . 把奉献给7the First World War 第一次世界大战8break out 爆发9in memory of . 为了纪念10have a history of . 有的历史11vote for/against 投票支持/反对12on behalf of 代表13e to power 上台执政14in the long run 从长远来看15for the benefit of 为了的利益16lose ones life 丧生三积句式写作扮靓课内句式仿写1before引导时间状语从句，表示“还没来得及就”例句The operation was extremely dangerous and many soldiers were killed before they even got off the boats. 仿写我还没来得及告诉他火车什么时候到，他就匆忙离开奔向火车站了。Before_I_could_tell_him_when_the_train_arrived,_he had rushed off towards the station.2形容词(短语)作伴随状语例句The survivors lay on the beach, exhausted and shocked.仿写他第一个到达泰山山顶，累得气喘吁吁。He was the first to reach the top of Mount Tai, tired_and_breathless.3be supposed to“被期望做，应该”例句If I remember rightly, we werent supposed to do that.仿写我们不应该仅仅通过他所说的来评判一个人。We are_not_supposed_to_assess/judge_a_person only depending on what he has said. 话题佳句背诵1In Chinese history, there was a time when China was the strongest and richest country in the world.在中国历史上，曾经有过一段时期中国是世界上最强大和最富裕的国家。2Social and political problems led to the outbreak of war.社会和政治问题导致了战争的爆发。3The countries have been at peace for more than a century.这些国家和平共处已有一个多世纪。4Only when the system has been abolished will it be possible to abolish poverty, unemployment and war.只有废除了这种制度才有可能消除贫困、失业和战争。四背语段语感流畅In spite of the fact that people all over the world love peace, conflicts and wars still exist in many parts of the world. Some strong and rich countries invade other countries for the benefit of their own, ignoring the sorrow and danger of the local people. It is known that not only soldiers but also ordinary people lost their lives in wars, so all peaceloving people should unite to defend peace and condemn those who launch wars. Whats more, we should do all we can to provide help for those who are involved in wars.Now that violence and wars can only bring people hunger, death and poverty, we should devote ourselves to defending peace.尽管全世界的人都热爱和平，但是冲突和战争仍然在世界的许多地方存在。一些强大和富裕的国家为了自己的利益入侵其他国家，不顾当地人民的悲伤和危险。众所周知，在战争中不仅士兵而且普通百姓也失去了生命，所以所有爱好和平的人们应该团结起来保卫和平，谴责那些发动战争的人。更重要的是，我们应该尽我们所能给那些卷入战争的人提供帮助。因为暴力和战争只能给人们带来饥饿、死亡和贫困，所以我们应该致力于捍卫和平。第一板块重点词汇突破师生共研词汇1occupy v占领；占据(时间、空间等)；担任教材原句During the war, Germany occupied many countries, including France.在战争中，德国占领了包括法国在内的许多国家。(1)occupy oneself in doing sth./with sth.忙着做某事/专心做某事(2)occupied adj. 被占用的，在使用的，忙于be occupied (in) doing sth./with sth. 忙着做某事/专心做某事(3)occupation n. 职业；占用；占领He would have attended your birthday party but he occupied himself with a very important experiment.他本来想参加你的生日聚会，但是他忙于一个非常重要的实验。I was so occupied in going over my lessons for my final exam.我忙于为期末考试复习功课。Choosing an occupation (occupy) takes time, and there are a lot of things you have to think about.选择职业需要花费时间，有很多事情你不得不考虑。熟词生义写出加黑单词在语境中的含义He occupies an important position in the Ministry of Education.担任联想发散表示“忙着做某事”的其他短语：be engaged inbe busy in doing sth./with sth.be buried in (doing) sth.2rescue v营救，拯救，救援n.救援，营救高考佳句Now, electric shock training and medical treatment are helping to rescue these big birds.(2016北京高考)现在，电击训练和药物治疗正在帮助拯救这些大鸟。(1)rescue sb./sth. from .从中拯救某人/某物(2)e to ones rescue e to the rescue of sb. 救援/帮助某人 make a rescue 实施救援All their attempts to rescue the child from the burning building were in vain.所有要把这个孩子从燃烧的大楼中营救出来的尝试都是徒劳的。It was you that made_a_rescue in time, which gave us a second life.是你及时实施救援给了我们第二次生命。3despite prep.不管，不顾；尽管经典例句She went to Spain despite the fact that her doctor had told her to rest.尽管医生告诉她应该休息，但她还是去了西班牙。(1)despite in spite of 尽管despite/in spite of the fact that . 尽管事实如此(2)regardless of 不顾，不理会Despite/In_spite_of the previous rounds of talks, no agreement has been reached so far by the two sides.尽管以前进行了多轮的会谈，但到目前为止双方尚未达成任何协议。Mary abandoned him, despite/in_spite_of_the_fact_that he had made many sacrifices for her.尽管他为玛丽牺牲了很多，玛丽还是离开了他。名师指津despite与in spite of分别为介词和介词短语，其后接名词、代词或动名词作让步状语，不接从句(what 从句除外)；though与although或 as 是从属连词，引导让步状语从句。词汇过关练.单句语法填空1The two young men, who bought and sold drugs, would be condemned to death.2(2017全国卷)However, these plans were_abandoned (abandon) because of financial problems.3Dont mention that at the beginning of the story, or it may give away the shocking (shock) ending. 4It is worthwhile visiting/to_visit (visit) the ancient temple at the top of the mountain.5She made many sacrifices (sacrifice) to get Anna a good education.6(2017全国卷)Founded in Moscow after the 1905 revolution, the pany eventually (eventual) settled in Tel Aviv in the late 1920s.7The mother, along with her two daughters, has_been_rescued (rescue) from the sinking aircraft by a passing ship up to now.8This memorial was built in memory of those heroes who laid down their lives for the liberation (liberate) of the black.9I have been so occupied with work that I havent had time for social activities.10Despite all our efforts to save the school, the authorities decided to close it.单句改错1To his mothers disappointment, the boy abandoned him to playing puter games.himhimself2She knew that society would condemn her of leaving her children.offor3Occupying with my assignments, I couldnt go shopping with my mother this morning.OccupyingOccupied或Occupying后加myself4My parents can understand my stressful condition and often talk to me by encouraged words. encouragedencouraging5Fortunately, the little girl was survived the aircrash, but unluckily, the others on the flight were killed.去掉was.单句写作(补全句子/句式升级/一句多译)1一位中年游泳者救了这个孩子，使他没有溺水身亡。(rescue sb. from)A middleaged swimmer rescued_the_child_from_drowning.2她整天忙于在家照顾三个孩子。(be occupied in )She is_occupied_in_looking_after three children at home all day.3她再也无暇去俱乐部享受各种活动。(no longer have time to do sth. )She no_longer_has_time_to_enjoy the various activities in the club.4用过去分词短语作状语合并句2和句3Occupied_in_looking_after_three_children_at_home_all_day,_she_no_longer_has_time_to_enjoy_the_various_activities_in_the_club.5尽管天气很差，但是这架航班还是起飞了。The plane took off in_spite_of/despite the bad weather.Although the weather was bad, the plane took off.The plane took off in_spite_of_the_fact_that the weather was bad.第二板块短语、句式突破1to ones astonishment令某人惊讶的是经典例句To my astonishment, she remembered my name.令我惊讶的是，她竟然记得我的名字。(1)in astonishment吃惊地；惊讶地(2)astonished adj. 感到惊讶的，吃惊的be astonished to do sth. 对做某事感到惊讶be astonished at/by sth. 对某事感到惊讶(3)astonishing adj. 令人惊讶的We were astonished at/by the news that he got the first prize in the National English petition for Middle School Students.我们对他在全国中学生英语大赛中获得第一名的消息感到很吃惊。“It is you that broke the window？” the teacher asked and looked at the boy in_astonishment.“是你打坏的窗户？”老师吃惊地看着小男孩问道。2The operation was extremely dangerous and many soldiers were killed before they even got off the boats.这次登陆行动异常危险，很多士兵还没来得及下船就牺牲了。在本句中before引导时间状语从句，表示“还没来得及就”。He rang off before I could explain.我还没来得及解释，他就挂断了电话。(1)在“Itbe时间段before 从句”中，意为“之后才”。(2)在“Itbe否定形式longbefore从句”中，意为“不久就”。(3)在特定的情景中，意为“趁着”。It_will_be_two_hours_before I can afford time to pick up my son.要过两个小时之后，我才能抽出时间接我儿子。It wont be long before_we_meet_again.过不了多久我们就会再见面的。I must write it down before_I_forget_it.趁着还没忘，我必须把它记下来。As far as I know, it is five years since he joined_the_army. 据我所知，他参军五年了。名师指津“It is/has been一段时间since 引导的状语从句”表示“自从(到现在)有多长时间了”。since从句常用一般过去时，而主句常用一般现在时或现在完成时。短语、句式过关练.单句语法填空1All raise your glasses and drink to Katie and Tom.2Involved (involve) in the bank robbery, Tom got arrested by the local police early in the morning.3The American bug could also be a person, referring (refer) to someone who was crazy about a particular activity.4I glanced around me quickly. There was no one in sight.5Looking through the evening paper last night, I picked up a wonderful poem.6What they said drew our attention to the poor boy, so we were determined to help him.7To my astonishment, they published my book and only sent me two dollars.8Do you know when Britain declared war on Germany during the Second World War?9Someone called me up in the middle of the night, but he hung up before I could answer the phone.10Thirsty and tired (tire), he went into a teahouse and seated himself at a little table by the window.astonish专练1用astonish的正确形式填空(2017江苏高考)Human beings will continue to adapt to the changing climate in both ordinary and astonishing ways.What he said at the meeting astonished everyone present.To our great astonishment,_the beautiful girl is a thief.2补全句子使我们吃惊的是，老板对于我们队比赛失败的令人震惊的消息并不感到惊奇。我们都吃惊地看着他。To_our_astonishment,_the boss wasnt_astonished_at the astonishing news that our team lost the match. And we all looked at him in_astonishment.pick短语填空1Once, our country was so poor, but the reform and open policy spring breeze makes the Chinese pick_off the poor cap in a short period of several decades.2She bent down to pick_up the wallet quickly and put it in her pocket.3She picked_out one skirt that she particularly liked.补全句子(before从句)1我还没来得及说一句话他就冲出了房间。He rushed out of the room before_I_could_say_a_word.2半年后我才能回来。It_will_be_half_a_year_before I e back.3希望我们不久再相见。I hope it will not be long before_we_meet_again.4你最好趁着没忘，把她的手机号码记下来。Youd better write down her phone number before_you_forget_it.提能一用课文词汇写高分作文shocking， operation， mander， station， occupy， rescue， wound， survive， sacrifice， to ones astonishment 1补全要点句(“黑体”部分选用上面方框中的单词或短语)我爷爷在抗日战争中曾经是一位士兵，他经历了很多惊人的军事行动。My grandfather used to be a soldier in the AntiJapanese war and he experienced many shocking operations.指挥官告诉他，他们的一个根据地被日军占领了。The mander told him that one of their stations was occupied_by the Japanese soldiers.他和他的同志们被命令去营救那些伤员。He and his rades were ordered to rescue the wounded_soldiers.令他们吃惊的是，他们一到达，就被敌人发现了。To_their_astonishment,_the moment they arrived, they were found by the enemy. 这导致了一场激烈的战斗。This led_to a fierce fight.经过混战后，大多数人幸存下来。虽然一些人牺牲了，但是剩余的士兵成功地救出了那些伤员。After a lot of confusion, most of them survived. Although some sacrificed,_the rest of them succeeded in rescuing the wounded. 2升级平淡句(1)用定语从句改写句My_grandfather_used_to_be_a_soldier_in_the_AntiJapanese_war,_who_experienced_many_shocking_operations._(2)用介词短语替代句中的从句，然后和句合并To_their_astonishment,_on_their_arrival,_they_were_found_by_the_enemy,_which_led_to_a_fierce_fight._3衔接成语篇(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇： once, however, eventually)My_grandfather_used_to_be_a_soldier_in_the_AntiJapanese_war,_who_experienced_many_shocking_operations._Once, the mander told him that one of their stations was occupied by the Japanese soldiers. He and his rades were ordered to rescue the wounded soldiers. However, to their astonishment, on their arrival, they were found by the enemy, which led to a fierce fight. Eventually, after a lot of confusion, most of them survived. Although some sacrificed, the rest of them succeeded in rescuing the wounded. 提能二用课文句型解构高考长难句本单元突破点主句较短，从句多而长的复杂句经典例句比较分析真题尝试翻译课文长难句When the rest of our pany arrived, they unloaded their baggage and bedding while the villagers brought out some jars of wine, and laid a table in the middle of the street, which they then covered with plates of potatoes and carrots, ham and sausages.该句主句部分为they unloaded their baggage and bedding，前面是一个when引导的时间状语从句，后面是一个长长的while引导的时间状语从句，其中又含有一个which引导的定语从句。尽管眼前的西红柿让我感到高兴，但当我得知布朗格罗夫农场是Jack Dusty的一个供应商时，我的幸福感加深了。Jack Dusty是一家在萨拉索塔丽思卡尔顿新开的餐馆，我很幸运就在那天晚上，我打算在那儿就餐。真题长难句Delighted as I was by the tomatoes in sight, my happiness deepened when I learned that Browns Grove Farm is one of the suppliers for Jack Dusty, a newly opened restaurant at the Sarasota Ritz Carlton, where luckily for me I was planning to have dinner that very night.(2015全国卷阅读理解B)该句主句部分为my happiness deepened，前面是一个as引导的让步状语从句，后面是一个长长的when引导的时间状语从句，其中又含有一个where引导的定语从句。历史的每一页都有血腥的场景，我不知道将来的历史长河会不会殷红一片。和平的白鸽倘若沾上鲜血就再难高飞。让我们记住战争的苦痛，带着和平的心愿放飞手中的洁白，微笑地看着它融入远方的那一片湛蓝！回顾历年高考试题，有关“战争与和平”的话题通常在阅读理解、完形填空等题型中考查。话题与语篇考题示例(2017浙江高考)Alia Baker is a librarian in Iraq. Her library used to be a _1_ place for all who loved books and liked to share knowledge. They _2_ various matters all over the world. When the war was near, Alia was _3_ that the fires of war would destroy the books, which are more _4_ to her than mountains of gold. The books are in every language new books, ancient books, _5_ a book on the history of Iraq that is seven hundred years old.She had asked the government for _6_ to move the books to a _7_ place, but they refused. So Alia took matters into her own hands. _8_， she brought books home every night, _9_ her car late after work. Her friends came to _10_ her when the war broke out. Anis who owned a restaurant _11_ to hide some books. All through the _12_， Alia, Anis, his brothers and neighbours took the books from the library, _13_ them over the sevenfoot wall and _14_ them in the restaurant. The books stayed hidden as the war _15_. Then nine days later, a fire burned the _16_ to the ground.One day, the bombing stopped and the _17_ left. But the war was not over yet. Alia knew that if the books were to be safe, they must be _18_ again while the city was _19_. So she hired a truck to bring all the books to the houses of friends in the suburbs (郊区). Now Alia waited for the war to end and _20_ peace and a new library.1A.meetingBworkingCpersonalDreligious2A.raisedBhandledCreportedDdiscussed3A.worriedBangryCdoubtfulDcurious4A.practicalBpreciousCreliableDexpensive5A.thenBstillCevenDrather6A.permissionBconfirmationCexplanationDinformation7A.largeBpublicCdistantDsafe8A.FortunatelyBSurprisinglyCSeriouslyDSecretly9A.startingBparkingCfillingDtesting10A.stopBhelpCwarnDrescue11A.intendedBpretendedChappenedDagreed12A.warBnightCbuildingDway13A.putBopenedCpassedDthrew14A.hidBexchangedCburntDdistributed15A.approachedBeruptedCcontinuedDended16A.restaurantBlibraryCcityDwall17A.neighboursBsoldiersCfriendsDcustomers18A.soldBreadCsavedDmoved19A.occupiedBbombedCquietDbusy20A.dreamed ofBbelieved inCcared aboutDlooked for策略指导(一)这样读文1抓首段，明文体，确保读文方向不跑偏由首段可知，本文是一篇记叙文。读文时应该重点关注与记叙文相关的要素，一般会在首句或者首段交代4个W(where, when, who, what)。2抓关键词(话题词汇和行为动词)，巧串联，明文章大意结合文中“destroy the books, asked the government, refused, into her own hands, broke out, hide some books” 等表述，即可串联出文章大意，结合选项，深层次的理解文章，了解整个故事情节。本文的行文脉络如下：(二)这样做题名师解题语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了伊拉克图书管理员艾丽娅贝克在战争中为了保护图书馆里的珍贵图书所付出的巨大努力。1选A根据下文可知，爱书人士经常到Alia的图书馆看书、分享知识，对于这些人来说，该图书馆是一个聚会处，故选meeting。2选D结合语境可知，他们在这里讨论全世界各种各样的事情，故选discussed，表示“讨论，议论”。3选A根据上文提到的战争即将来临，以及下文提到的Alia和身边的人保护图书馆书籍的内容可知，此处指Alia很担心书籍在战火中被毁掉，故选worried。4选B根据语境及下文的“mountains of gold”可知，Alia认为这些书比金山还要珍贵，故选precious，表示“珍贵的”。5选C空格处上下文在语义上表示递进，指甚至(even)还有700年前的有关伊拉克历史的书籍。6选A根据语境可知，她希望得到政府允许(permission)把书搬到安全的(safe)地方，但他们拒绝了。ask sb.for permission表示“请求某人的许可”，符合语境。7选D参见上题解析。8选D根据语境可知，每晚很晚下班后，Alia偷偷地把书带回家。secretly“秘密地，偷偷地”，符合语境。9选C根据上下文语境及空后的“her car”可知，Alia把书装到她的汽车里运回家。fill表示“装满”。10选B根据下文的内容可知，战争爆发后，她的朋友们也赶来帮助(help)她。11选D根据下文可知，Anis同意把一些书藏在自己的餐馆里，agree to do . 表示“同意做”。12选B根据语境可知，他们整晚都在从图书馆里搬书，这也照应了上文中的“every night”。13选C根据上下文可知，他们要把书递过7英尺的高墙，并把它们藏在餐馆里。pass表示“传递”。14选A参见上题解析。hide表示“隐藏”。下文的hidden亦是提示。15选C根据语境及上文中的“the war broke out”可知，战争还在继续(continued)。16选B根据语境及下文中的“a new library”可知，图书馆被全部焚毁了，故选library。17选B一天，轰炸停止了，士兵们也离开了，所以选soldiers。18选D根据下文可知，Alia知道，尽管城市是安静的，如果想要这些书安全，他们必须把这些书再转移(moved)出
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