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Unit 11 The Media一、阅读理解AIn bringing up children, every parent watches eagerly the childs acquisition of each new skill-the first spoken words, the first independent steps, or the beginning of reading and writing. It is often tempting to hurry the child beyond his natural learning rate, but this can set up dangerous feelings of failure and states of worry in the child: This might happen at any stage. A baby might be forced to use a toilet too early, a young child might be encouraged to learn to read before he knows the meaning of the words he reads. On the other hand, though, if a child is left alone too much, or without any learning opportunities, he loses his natural enthusiasm for life and his desire to find out new things for himself.Patents vary greatly in their degree of strictness towards their children. Some may be especially strict in money matters. Others are severe over times of ing home at night or punctuality for meals. In general, the controls imposed represent the needs of the parents and the values of the munity as much as the childs own happiness.As regards the development of moral standards in the growing child, consistency is very important in parental teaching. To forbid a thing one day and excuse it the next is no foundation for morality. Also, parents should realize that “example is better than precept”. If they are not sincere and do not practice what they teach, their children may grow confused, and emotionally insecure when they grow old enough to think for themselves, and realize they have been to some extent fooled.A sudden awareness of a marked difference between their parents principles and their morals can be a dangerous disappointment.1.Eagerly watching the childs acquisition of new skills _.A. should be avoidedB.is universal among parentsC. sets up dangerous states of worry in the childD. will make him lose interest in learning new things2.In the process of childrens learning new skills, parents _.A. should encourage them to read before they know the meaning of the words they readB. should not expect too much of themC. should achieve a balance between pushing them too hard and leaving them on their ownD. should create as many learning opportunities as possible3.The second paragraph mainly tells us that _.A. parents should be strict with their childrenB. parental controls reflect only the needs of the parents and the values of the munityC. parental restrictions vary, and are not always intended for the benefit of the children aloneD. parents vary in their strictness towards their children according to the situation4.In moral matters, parents should _.A. observe the rules themselvesB.be aware of the marked difference between adults and childrenC. forbid things which have no foundation in moralityD. consistently ensure the security of their children 【文章大意】在孩子的成长过程中，父母的教育与期望值要有一个“度”，不能揠苗助长；同时，父母也要以身作则，为孩子树立一个榜样。1.B 【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第一段开头的“In bringing up children，every parent watches eagerly the childs acquisition of each new skill”可知，既然是每位父母都会这样做，那么这种做法在父母中就是普遍的，故选B。3.C 【解析】主旨大意题。文章第二段的大意是“父母对孩子的严格程度有很大的不同”。故选C。4.A 【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第三段第四句“If they are not sincere and do not practice”及文章最后一段可以得出结论，关于道德教育问题，父母应该以身作则，做孩子的好榜样，故选A。B(2017山西重点中学适应性考试)English ConversationLeader: Mandi Ashmoreenglishiwclausanne.orgWe meet on Mondays at 14：30 at the IWC clubhouse.We chat for about an hour and discuss everything.Mandi asks “students” to contact her on Monday to confirm the class as sometimes she needs to cancel for various reasons or occasionally she may choose to hold the class at a different venue(举办地点) or at an earlier time for us to be able to have lunch together.French Conversation, Advanced BeginnerLeader: Marielle Sulmonifrenchconvoiwclausanne.orgIm French(born in Bordeaux) and Swiss by marriage.I hold an advanced beginners French conversation class on Tuesday afternoons from 14：3016：00.We meet weekly at the clubhouse in a friendly atmosphere.I hope to help you use your knowledge of French, allowing you to speak with no fear of making mistakes, which in time will bee fewer and fewer.French Language Lab, BeginnerLeader: Maija Remlingerfrenchlabiwclausanne.orgThe group meets on Thursday afternoons from 15：0016：30 at the clubhouse.The first half of the class is devoted to reading out loud from the book Easy French Reader, working on proper pronunciation and phrasing.During the second half, we listen to audio recordings from “New French with Ease” and work on oral prehension.French Conversation, AdvancedLeader: Juliette Brullfrenchiwclausanne.orgWe meet every Tuesday at the IWC clubhouse from 9：3011：00.Most of our time is devoted to very lively discussions about current events and various topics.We also read a book written by a French author and sometimes we see a French movie.【解题导语】本文为应用文，主要介绍了四个语言学习俱乐部，内容包括俱乐部的负责人、联系方式以及俱乐部的活动。1Why are you advised to contact Mandi?ATo check the arrangement.BTo exchange ideas.CTo decide the topics.DTo ask for leave.A解析：细节理解题。根据English Conversation中的“contact her on Monday to confirm the class.”可知，与Mandi联系是为了确认俱乐部的课程安排。2Which of the clubs focuses mainly on the basic knowledge of language?AEnglish Conversation.BFrench Conversation, Advanced.CFrench Language Lab, Beginner.DFrench Conversation, Advanced Beginner.C解析：细节理解题。根据French Language Lab, Beginner中的“working on proper pronunciation and phrasing”和“work on oral prehension”可知，该俱乐部更注重基础语言知识的学习。3Who will you get in touch with if you like watching French films?AMandi Ashmore.BMarielle Sulmoni.CMaija Remlinger.DJuliette Brull.D解析：细节理解题。根据French Conversation, Advanced中的“sometimes we see a French movie”以及“Leader: Juliette Brull”可知，该俱乐部有时会观看法国电影，其负责人为Juliette Brull。CIts generally believed that people act the way they do because of their personalities and attitudes. They recycle their garbage because they care about the environment. They pay $5 for a caramel brule latte because they like expensive coffee drinks.Its undeniable that behavior es from our inner dispositions(性情),but in many instances we also draw inferences about who we are, as suggested by the social psychologist Daryl Bem, by observing our own behavior. We can be strangers to ourselves. If we knew our own minds, why would we need to guess what our preferences are from our behavior? If our minds were an open book, we would know exactly how much we care about the environment or like lattes. Actually, we often need to look to our behavior to figure out who we are.Moreover, we dont just use our behavior to learn about our particular types of character we infer characters that werent there before. Our behavior is often shaped by little pressures around us, which we fail to recognize.Maybe we recycle because our wives and neighbors would disapprove if we didnt.Maybe we buy lattes in order to impress the people around us. We should not mistakenly believe that we always behave as a result of some inner disposition.Whatever pressures there can be or inferences one can make, people bee what they do, though it may not be in pliance(符合) with their true desires. Therefore, we should all bear in mind Kurt Vonneguts advice: We are what we pretend to be, so we must be careful about what we pretend to be.1.According to the passage, personalities and attitudes are monly believed to.A. determine ones behaviorB. reflect ones tasteC. influence ones surroundingsD. result from ones habits2.Which of the following would Daryl Bem most probably agree with?A. The return of a wallet can indicate ones honesty.B.A kind person will offer his seat to the old.C. One recycles plastics to protect the environment.D. One buys latte out of true love of coffee.3.What can be inferred from the underlined sentence in the passage?A. We fail to realize our inner dispositions.B. We can be influenced by outside pressures.C. Our behavior is the result of our true desires.D. Our characters can shape our social relationships.4.What does the author mainly discuss in the passage?A. Personalities and attitudes.B. Preferences and habits.C. Behavior and personalities.D. Attitudes and preferences.【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文。观其行知其人，那么行为又是由什么来决定的呢?1.A 【解析】考查细节理解。根据文章第一段的第一句话可知答案。人们通常认为性格和态度决定一个人的行为。故选A。3.B 【解析】考查推理判断。画线部分实际上是一个例子，例子前面往往是观点,因此根据画线部分前一句可知答案。我们有时候会受到外界压力的影响。故选B。4.C 【解析】考查主旨大意。全文主要阐述的是人的行为和性格的关系，所以选择C项。D(2017山西太原高三模拟) At 39 weeks pregnant most women would only be thinking of racing to hospital.But not Amber Miller, who set off to run the Chicago Marathon while expecting her second child any day.As she neared the final stage of the race, she began to feel pain in the stomach.But the determined athlete managed to cross the finish line in 6 hours and 25 minutes.Unbelievably the Chicago race was not even baby Junes first marathonMiller ran the Wisconsin Marathon earlier this year, four months pregnant.She also ran another marathon when she was about four months pregnant with her son, Caleb.Although there was extra weight, the seasoned runners time was just 3 hours off her personal best.Miller began to feel pain near the end of the race, but she was not sure if it was labor(分娩), because she typically feels some pain when she runs while pregnant.After her race her husband drove her to Central DuPage Hospital in Winfield where she gave birth to the healthy 7 pounds, 13 ounce baby.Miller decided to run because she and her husband had already signed up for the race.The athletic mother said she experienced an enthusiastic wele from crowds as she ran along.But the devoted runner, who had pleted eight marathons, admitted that she did get a few strange looks along the course.“I know what I can handle.This is something Ive been doing for a long time，” the experienced marathon runner said.June was born at 10：29 pm.on Sunday night after seven hours labor.“Shes absolutely perfect，” Miller said.“We are extremely happy, but very tired.”After her surprising double achievement, Miller says she is planning to take some time off to concentrate on being a fulltime mom.【解题导语】本文讲述了在芝加哥马拉松赛上，Amber Miller已怀孕39周，但她坚持用6个小时25分钟完成了马拉松赛并在当晚产下了小女儿June。1What can we learn from the passage?AMiller failed to finish the race due to her labor.BMillers husband was against her running the race.CMiller knew she was going to give birth at the end of the race.DIt wasnt Millers first time to run a marathon while pregnant.D解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的内容可知，这并非Miller第一次以孕妇之身参加马拉松比赛。年初，已经怀孕4个月的她参加了威斯康星州马拉松比赛。此外，在怀着第一个孩子Caleb的时候，她也参加过马拉松比赛。故选D。2What is the name of Millers kid born right after the Chicago Marathon?ACaleb. BJune.CAmber. DWisconsin.B解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的第一句及倒数第二段中的“June was born at 10：29 pm.on Sunday night after seven hours labor.”可知，芝加哥马拉松比赛结束后，Miller的小女儿June诞生了。故选B。3What can be inferred from the passage?APeople have different attitudes to Millers action.BMiller will soon return for her favorite marathons.CThe baby was in danger at birth because of the race.DMillers personal best in marathons was over 6 hours.A解析：解析：推理判断题。根据第六段中的“The athletic mother said she experienced an enthusiastic wele from crowds as she ran along.But the devoted runner, who had pleted eight marathons, admitted that she did get a few strange looks along the course.”可知，人们对Miller怀孕仍坚持跑马拉松比赛有着不同的态度。故选A。4What is the best title of the passage?AA Young American Couple Loving MarathonsBHow to Finish the Latest Chicago MarathonCHow to Train a Pregnant Woman for MarathonsDA Pregnant Woman Giving Birth After a MarathonD解析：解析：标题归纳题。本文讲述了在芝加哥马拉松赛上，Amber Miller已怀孕39周，但她坚持用6个小时25分钟完成了马拉松赛并在当晚产下了小女儿。故选D。二、七选五Your phone is running low on power while you are waiting to fly out of an airport.Then you discover a public USB charging area close by. _1_ Then you take a deep breath and sit back, happy to get the power for free.What could go wrong? Plenty.In addition to providing an electrical current, phone charging cords can send and receive data. That free USB charging hub at an airport, hotel or any other public place may not only charge your phone. _2_ The USB charging hub could be connecting to your phone and copying your contact list, email and text messages, voice mail, photographs and videos. It can also copy passwords, banking information and any other information stored on your phone.If you want to charge your phone while traveling, you have other choices that do not increase your risks.Connect your phone only to electrical outlets so data transfer is not possible. _3_ It is better to use a distant wall outlet than a nearby USB charging hub.Carry an extra, fullycharged battery. Having one means you can charge your phone without having to worry about carrying a special cord or finding a power outlet. _4_If you must use a public USB charging center, be sure to turn off your phone pletely._5_ But it will reduce the chances of it happening, depending on what phone you have.ARemember to fully charge your phone before you leave home or work.BIt also could be transferring information to and from the device.CThe public USB charging hub may even download programs to your phone.DThis may or may not prevent data transfer.EYou can charge your phone with the extra battery wherever you are.FAn available outlet may not be as near as a USB charging hub, but the few extra steps may keep your information safe.GYou quickly reach for a charge cord and connect your phone to the charging hub.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了在飞机场候机时，给处于低电状态的手机安全充电的方法。1G上文说你会发现附近有一个公共的USB充电区域，空处下文提到你深吸一口气，舒服地坐好，为免费充电而高兴。所以空处应表示你把手机连接到充电口进行充电，故选G项“你很快拿到一根充电线，并把你的手机连接到充电中心”。2B上文说机场、酒店或其他公共场所的免费USB充电中心，不仅可以给你的手机充电，再结合空后一句可知，空处应表示USB充电中心的其他作用。B项提到它还可以把信息传入或输出设备，前后语义衔接，故选B。且B项中的also与空前一句中的not only相呼应。3F根据空处所在段的内容可知，本段推荐使用距离稍远的墙上的电源插座，而不用邻近的USB充电中心，这样可以保证手机信息的安全。F项说一个可用的墙上的电源插座可能不像USB充电中心那么近，但是多走几步可以保证你的信息安全，前后逻辑关系紧密，故选F。4E本段的主旨是携带一个额外的，充满电的电池，而E项说无论你在哪里，你都可以用这个额外的电池给手机充电，为具体描述，故选E。5D上文提到如果必须使用USB充电中心充电，确保将手机彻底关机。下文说但这将减少发生这种情况的机会。故D项“这可能会阻止数据传输，也可能不会”符合语境。D项中的This指代关机这个行为，故选D。
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