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Unit 5 Rhythm高考试卷分块专练第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)AHeres a look at Bob Dylans life through his legendary music.Song to Woody (1962)It was released on his debut album Bob Dylan in 1962. Dylan expressed his respect for the legendary folk singer Woody Guthrie in this early classic.The Times They Are AChangin(1963)It was released as the title track of his third album of the same name, which launched him as a major voice in the new folk scene and marked the beginning of the Civil Rights movement of the 1960s. Critic Michael Gray called it “the archetypical protest song”Ballad in Plain D (1964)Dylan details his fractious relationship with Suze Rotolo in this long track from his fourth album, Another Side of Bob Dylan. Dylan scholar Clinton Heylin called it “an exercise of painful autobiography”Like a Rolling Stone (1965)Chosen by Rolling Stone as number one on its list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time, it was from the Highway 61 Revisited album and transformed Dylans image from a folk singer to a rock star. He wrote it after returning from an exhausting tour of England. He was thinking about quitting the music business, but he worked out his frustrations about the publics demanding expectations of him through this song.All Along the Watchtower (1968)After a nearfatal motorcycle accident in 1966, Dylan went into seclusion for almost a year. He emerged with one of his greatest artistic achievements with this track from the John Wesley Harding album. Many critics have seen this song as a summingup of Dylans life and career.Gotta Serve Somebody (1979)In the late 1970s, Dylan underwent a conversion to bornagain Christianity, taking five months off touring to attend Bible school. This yearning plea for meaning expressed his new religion. It was part of his Slow Train ing rockgospel album.Things Have Changed (2000)Written for the film Wonder Boys, this strange portrait of an aging star shuffling through show business won Dylan a Golden Globe and an Oscar.21Which of the following reflects a more politicized Dylan?ABallad in Plain D.BThings Have Changed.CAll Along the Watchtower.DThe Times They Are AChangin.解析：选D推理判断题。根据The Times They Are AChangin (1963)部分中的“marked the beginning of the Civil Rights movement of the 1960s. Critic Michael Gray called it the archetypical protest song”可知选D项。22Which includes a song that shows Dylans relationship with Suze Rotolo?ABob Dylan.BSlow Train ing.CJohn Wesley Harding.DAnother Side of Bob Dylan.解析：选D细节理解题。根据Ballad in Plain D (1964)部分中的“Dylan details his fractious relationship with Suze Rotolo in this long track from his fourth album, Another Side of Bob Dylan”可知选D项。23When did Dylan release a song that expresses his new religion?AIn 1965.BIn 1968.CIn 1979. DIn 2000.解析：选C细节理解题。根据Gotta Serve Somebody (1979)部分中的“This yearning plea for meaning expressed his new religion”可知选C项。B(2018湖北省鄂西北联考)Robotic surgery is one thing, but sending a robot inside the body to carry out an operation is quite another, which has long been a goal of some researchers to produce tiny robotic devices being capable of traveling through the body to deliver drugs or to make repairs without the need for a single cut, the possibility of which has just got a bit closer.However, unlike the plot of one filmwhich featured a microscopic crew and submarine traveling through a scientists bloodstream this device could not be inserted into blood vessels (管) because it is too big. While other types of miniature swallowable robots have been developed in the past, their role has mostly been limited to capturing images inside the body. In a presentation this week to the International Conference, Daniela Rus and Shuhei Miyashita of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology described a robot they have developed that can be swallowed and used to collect dangerous objects accidentally taken in. To test their latest version, Dr Rus and Dr Miyashita designed a robot as a battery hunter, which might seem to be an odd task, but more than 3,500 people in America alone, most of them children, swallow the tiny button cells used in small electronic devices by accident every year. To start with, the researchers created an artificial esophagus (食道) and stomach made out of silicone (硅胶). It was closely modeled on that found in a pig and filled with medical liquid; the robot itself is made from several layers of different materials, including pig intestine (肠), and contains a little magnet. This is folded up and encased in a 10mm27mm capsule of ice. Once this reaches the stomach the ice melts and the robot unfolds which is moved and guided with the use of a magnetic field outside the body. In their tests, the robot was able to touch a button battery and draw it with its own magnet, and during dragging it along, the robot could then be directed towards the intestines where it would eventually be gotten rid of through the anus (肛门). After it, the researchers sent in another robot loaded with medication to deliver it to the site of the battery burn to speed up healing.The artificial stomach being transparent on one side, the researchers were able to see the batteries and visually control the robots. If not, that will require help with the help from imaging system, which will be a bit more of a challenge, but Dr Rus and Dr Miyashita are determined to succeed.语篇解读：长期以来，研究人员都在尝试创造一种微型机器设备，能够游走于人体内，在不切割身体表面的情况下传送药物或者修补伤口。现在这种可能性已变得更为接近现实。麻省理工学院的丹妮拉鲁斯和宫下修平研制的机器人可以被人吞咽，并可收集人们不慎摄入的有害异物。24According to the passage, the robot operation will probably be able to _.Atravel through a scientists bloodstreamBphotograph the body to convey to the doctorCenter the body to deliver drugs or make repairsDoperate on a person outside the body pletely解析：选C细节理解题。根据第一段可知，未来机器人手术可能能够将机器人植入体内传送药物或者修补伤口。故选项C符合题意。25We learn from Paragraph 3 that _.Athe researchers did the experiment on a chosen animalBthe robot took necessary drugs besides a little magnetCdigesting the swallowed batteries is difficult for childrenDthe actual size of the robot may be larger than the capsule of ice解析：选D推理判断题。根据第三段第四、五句可知，机器人被折叠起来包裹进10毫米宽、27毫米长的冰胶囊内。一旦进入胃部，冰层便会融化，机器人也会打开。显然，机器人真实的尺寸要比冰胶囊大。故选项D正确。26What may the experiment mean to the medical world?AThe surgeries will cost patients much money.BPatients will suffer less because of some surgeries.CFewer children will swallow the button cells.DA robot will be invented travelling blood vessels.解析：选B推理判断题。根据第一段和第三段第六、七句可知，将机器人植入体内实施手术是为了在不切割身体表面的情况下传送药物或者修补伤口，这样能够加速治愈过程。显然，这种实验对于医学界的意义在于病人将少遭受手术痛苦。故选项B符合题意。27Which can be the most suitable title for the passage?AAn Experiment on RobotBTiny Robot, Significant RoleCThe Fantastic Robotic VoyageDThe Exploration of Robot Technology解析：选C标题归纳题。根据第二段最后一句可知，麻省理工学院的丹妮拉鲁斯和宫下修平研制的机器人可以被人吞咽，并可取出人们不慎摄入的有害物体。这对于被送入体内捕获异物的微型机器人来说无异于是一次在人体内的神奇之旅。故选项C符合题意。CIn 1957, Max Vernon Mathews wrote the first puter program called Music, which enabled a puter to create sound and play it back. He was then working as an engineer at Bell Laboratories in New Jersey. It enabled a large IBM puter to play a seventeensecond piece of music he had written.The puter was so slow that it took an hour to play the seventeensecond piece of music. So Mathews moved the work to a tape player to play the music at a normal speed. He later said that the sound quality of the musical notes was not great, but the technical importance of the music was huge.The sciencefiction writer Arthur C. Clarke visited Bell Laboratories in the 1960s. He heard a puter “sing” the song Daisy Bell on devices (设备) and learned about the programs developed by Mathews and other engineers. Clarke noted this technology in his book 2001: A Space Odyssey, which was later made into a movie.Mathews continued creating other versions of the Music program. He became interested in how puters could help musicians outside recording studios. The Groove program he developed was the first puter program made for live performances.He also developed an electronic device he called the Radio Baton, which looks like two drum sticks. It enables the user to control the speed and sound levels of orchestral music (管弦乐) played on a puter by moving the two sticks on a special electronic surface.Mathews said he believed modern musicians were not making full use of the power of puter music. He said a violin always sounds like a violin. But with his Music, the way a violin sounds is unlimited. He did not want puter sounds to replace live music, but he hoped puters would one day be considered serious instruments.语篇解读：本文是记叙文。Max Vernon Mathews把音乐与计算机结合起来，创造了魅力无穷的计算机音乐。28Why did Clarke visit Bell Laboratories?ATo make his book into a movie.BTo help Mathews develop Music.CTo satisfy his own curiosity about music.DTo gather materials for his literary creation.解析：选D推理判断题。根据第三段可知，Clarke在他的一本书里涉及了Mathews的电子音乐技术。由此可推知，Clarke主要是为文学创作获取素材才去Bell Laboratories的。29What electronic music tools did Mathews create?ASomething used to record live music.BSomething used to create special sound.CSomething used to improve puter music.DSomething used to create puter music.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第五段可知，制作计算机音乐时，Radio Baton可以用来控制管弦乐的速度、声级等，能改进音乐。30What does Mathews think of his Music?AIt is more pleasant to the ear.BIt can help make more sounds.CIt will finally replace the violin.DIt is more popular than live music.解析：选B细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，一般小提琴发出的声音就是那一种，用Mathews的Music可以让它的声音有无数种，即他的Music能帮助发出更多声音。31What can we learn about Mathews?AHe is the father of puter music.BHis creation succeeded on the first try.CHe wrote Music to replace instruments.DHe changed the functions of puters.解析：选A推理判断题。根据全文可知，是Mathews首先创造了计算机音乐，并进而发展出一系列与音乐相关的电子产品，在音乐界掀起了一场革命，故他是计算机音乐之父。D(2018河北省内丘中学模拟)The late, great producer Phil Ramone worked with many famous popular singers. However, one of his albums is a little different. Its classical music, made for children.“He actually started as a child violinist，” said Marc Neikrug, a famous classical poser who worked together with Ramone on the album, “Sunken Cathedrals，” after being introduced by Rock Positano, a doctor with a special interest in musics value to medicine. “The three of us all want to promote classical music to children.”In the digital age when children develop surrounded by constant distractions (使人分心的事物), however, Neikrug sees a very particular value in classical music. “Im concerned about a world in which there is an almost aggressive move to lower peoples attention spans (持续时间)，” he said. “Thats terrifying. How do you even absorb and learn things? How do you expect kids to do well in school？”“I think its really important to let kids build some kind of ability to focus，” Neikrug said. “Great music can do that, because youre drawn into what youre listening to. A two or threeminute music may not seem so long to concentrate on, but its a good attention span for kids，” he said. “We picked the pieces very deliberately to be not too long.”All of the pieces on the twopart album are unadapted, plete works of classical music. “Phil, Dr. Rock and I were all pletely convinced that we need little, short, beautiful pieces for kids. They happen to be really good for adults too，” he pointed out, though the words “Classics for Kids” on the cover might scare some grown people off.This doesnt mean you should toss all of your popular music albums away or trash all the screen devices (设备) in your home. “Im not an advocate for disregarding the reality of living in this world，” Neikrug said. “I would say someone who grows up able to focus for an hour and equally able to use the smartphone with one hand, is fine.”语篇解读：本文是议论文。Neikrug与Ramone合作制作了一张儿童古典音乐专辑，他认为古典音乐能帮助孩子们培养专注力。32What did Marc Neikrug and Rock Positano have in mon?AThey had the same career.BThey had the same interest.CThey had the same circle of friends.DThey had the same number of children.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Marc Neikrug, a famous classical poser”和“Rock Positano, a doctor with a special interest in musics value to medicine. The three of us all want to promote classical music to children.”可知，Marc Neikrug和Rock Positano都对音乐感兴趣，致力于让孩子从小就听古典音乐。33What was Neikrug worried about?APeoples decreasing attention spans.BPeople being too aggressive.CPeoples low learning ability.DPeople losing faith in school.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Im concerned about a world in which there is an almost aggressive move to lower peoples attention spans (持续时间)”可知，当今世界让人们的持续关注时间不断减少，Neikrug对此表示担忧。34Why did Ramone and Neikrug select short pieces for the album?ATo attract distracted adults.BBecause of their own preference.CTo include more pieces in the album.DBecause of kids mental characteristics.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第四段中的“. A twoor threeminute music may not seem so long to concentrate on, but its a good attention span for kids， he said. We picked the pieces very deliberately to be not too long.”可知，由于孩子的持续关注时间很短，所以Ramone和Neikrug专门选短小的曲子迎合孩子们的心智特征。35What does the text want to tell us?APopular music producers turned to classical music.BClassical music can coexist with digital devices.CIts never too late to listen to classical music.DKids can benefit from classical music.解析：选D主旨大意题。根据第四段中的“I think its really important to let kids build some kind of ability to focus， Neikrug said. Great music can do that, because youre drawn into what youre listening to .”可以看出，Neikrug认为古典音乐能帮助孩子们培养专注力，这也是他与Ramone合作制作儿童古典音乐专辑的原因。 第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)We usually dont mind when people call us by positive nicknames (绰号). _36_ But when people call us by cruel nicknames, it can be difficult to get them to stop. So what should you do?Ask your friends to give it a rest. Maybe you tripped (绊倒) over your feet a few times, and your friends started calling you klutz, thinking that you dont really mind. _37_Leave a nickname behind. Sometimes, life gives us a chance to start fresh. _38_ If youre moving from elementary school to middle school, let your friends know that you dont want to go by your old nickname.Ignore those who call you by a nickname. If the kids calling you by a bad nickname arent your friends, you should do your best to ignore them. _39_ It may be hard to pretend that it doesnt hurt, but if you get angry or obviously upset, it will just encourage them to use the nickname all the time._40_ Remember that if you have a bad nickname now, you probably wont always be stuck with it. Just look at Elvis Presley! When he first started singing onstage, he wiggled (摆动) his hips so much that cruel critics and the audience nicknamed him Elvis The Pelvis. He never stopped wiggling. People soon found it impossible to ignore his talent and began to call him The King of Rock & Roll.AIf it does bother you, tell them.BBelieve that things will change.CIf the kids refuse to stop, talk to your teacher.DIt feels good when these nicknames get repeated.EAlthough words can be hurtful, they cant change who you really are.FThe chance can be a good time to get rid of a nickname that you dont like.GIf you act like they arent hurting you, theyll eventually get bored and stop.36解析：选D根据该空前的“positive nicknames”及该空后的But可知，此空内容与好听的绰号有关，故“当这些绰号被重复时会感觉很好”正确。37解析：选A结合“Ask your friends to give it a rest”可知，举这个例子是为了说明如果绰号让你感到恼怒的话，要告诉你的朋友。38解析：选F结合该空前的“Sometimes, life gives us a chance to start fresh”及该空后的“从小学到中学”可知，这个机会是你摆脱你不喜欢的绰号的好时机。39解析：选G根据该空后的内容可知，该空内容与“绰号与伤害”有关，故G项“如果你表现得好像他们不会伤害到你的话，他们最终会感到无聊并不再叫你的绰号”正确。40解析：选B从该空后的内容可知，举Elvis Presley的例子是为了说明要相信事情将会改变。第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)Access to electricity has always been limited for people living in Nuevo Saposoa, a remote village in Peru. However, things went from bad to worse in March 2015 _41_ a flood damaged the power station in the area. The villagers were _42_ to turn to kerosene (煤油) lamps, which are not only expensive but also _43_ because of the poisonous matter they give off._44_， the researchers and students at the Universidad de Ingenieray Tecnologa (UTEC) in Lima, Peru heard about their _45_ situation and came up with a creative solution. They _46_ a lamp that can be powered by plants and soil, both of which can be found _47_ in the Amazonian rainforests where the village is located. Called Plantalmparas, the _48_ draws energy from a plant growing in a wooden box and uses it to _49_ an LED bulb.While that may sound plicated and even impossible, it is quite _50_. The waste produced by plants undergoes oxidization (氧化作用) in the soil, which produces electrons (电子). The UTEC team placed electrodes (电极) inside the soil to _51_ the energy and store it in the lamps batteries for _52_ use. The researchers say a single charge can light an LED bulb for two hours enough _53_ for people to get their evening chores done. The university _54_ ten such lamps to Nuevo Saposoa in October 2015. So far, they have been a huge _55_！ Elmer Ramirez, UTECs professor, believes the plant powered lamps could also help improve the lives of thousands of other _56_ rainforest munities, 42% of which have no access to _57_.This is not the _58_ time the students and professors of UTEC have e up with a(n) _59_ solution to a problem. In 2014, to deal with Perus severe _60_ pollution they created a large advertising board that could be used as an air purifier (净化器) as well!语篇解读：本文是说明文。秘鲁UTEC大学的师生为了解决偏远乡村用电难的问题发明了一种利用植物和土壤供电的灯。41A.afterBthoughCunless Duntil解析：选A根据本句中的“from bad to worse”可知，在洪水毁了当地的发电站“后(after)”， Nuevo Saposoa村用电难的问题更加严重。42A.advised BtaughtCasked Dforced解析：选D没有电，村民们“被迫(forced)”使用煤油灯。43A.disappointing BinconvenientCstrange Ddangerous解析：选D根据本空后的“the poisonous matter”可知，使用煤油灯很“危险(dangerous)”。44A.Fortunately BSuddenlyCCertainly DUsually解析：选A根据下文内容可知，“幸运的是(Fortunately)”，UTEC大学的师生们想出了一个好主意帮助村民。45A.real BembarrassingCbad Dunstable解析：选C根据上文内容可知，Nuevo Saposoa村的村民无电可用，情况很“糟糕(bad)”。46A.bought BdesignedCdiscovered Drepaired解析：选B根据本空后的“a lamp that can be powered by plants and soil”可知，他们“设计出(designed)”一种利用植物和土壤供电的灯。47A.in detail Bin timeCin harmony Din abundance解析：选D只有制作新型灯的材料容易获得，这项发明才有可能得到广泛使用。故此处in abundance(大量地)符合语境。48A.village BlampCrainforest Dsoil解析：选B根据本空前的Called和本空后的“draws energy”可知，这种“灯(lamp)”名叫Plantalmparas，从植物中获取电能。49A.light up Bmake upCgive up Duse up解析：选A本空前的it指代本句中的energy，表示这种灯利用从植物中获得的电能“点亮(light up)”LED灯泡。50A.widespread BstraightforwardCwellknown Dlaborsaving解析：选B本句开头的While表示对比或相反的情况，因此这里指尽管从植物中获取电能听上去很复杂，甚至不可能，但其实并“不难(straightforward)”。51A.waste BsaveCproduce Ddirect解析：选C根据本空前的“placed electrodes (电极) inside the soil”可知，UTEC大学的团队把电极放进土壤就是为了“发(produce)”电。52A.additional BfreeCregular Dlater解析：选D根据本句中的store可知，把电能存进电池里是为了“以后的(later)”使用。53A.energy BspaceCtime Dbrightness解析：选C根据本空前的“two hours”可知，两个小时的“时间(time)”足够人们完成夜间琐事了。54A.distributed BsoldClent Dreturned解析：选A根据上文内容可知，UTEC大学的师生发明这种新型灯就是为了帮助Nuevo Saposoa村的村民，所以他们完成发明后给该村“分发了(distributed)”十个这种灯。55A.success BchallengeCchange Dsurprise解析：选A根据下句中的“could also help .”可知，这些灯很“成功(success)”，所以UTEC大学的教授认为它们也可以被推广到其他地方。56A.nearby BsmallCremote Dancient解析：选C解析见下题。57A.education BelectricityCtechnology Dentertainment解析：选B根据上文内容可知，UTEC大学的师生为了解决偏远乡村Nuevo Saposoa村用电难的问题才发明了这种灯，因此这里指将这种灯推广到其他用“电(electricity)”难的“偏远的(remote)”乡村。58A.best BfirstCaccurate Dnormal解析：选B解析见下题。59A.clever BsimpleCtemporary Dimmediate解析：选A根据下句内容可知，这不是UTEC大学的师生“第一次(first)”想出这么“聪明的(clever)”点子。60A.noise BwaterCair Dvehicle解析：选C根据本句中的“an air purifier (净化器)”可知，这个也可以充当空气净化器的广告
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