资源描述
Unit 3 Life in the future 高考试卷分块专练.阅读理解AIf I had to choose what language to learn next, its a tough decision but itd probably be German because many people that know several languages tell me that German is their favourite language in terms of expressing themselves. And I think it might have something to do with the vast amount of vocabulary the German language has. So I think itd be really difficult but a fun challenge.Elena (Canada, teacher)I think Id like to learn French next because its a very romantic (浪漫的) language and it could be very useful in different job situations. Besides, I think it could help me understand English a bit more as well, since it was previously the language of diplomacy (外交)Bryan (USA, writer)Id love to learn Italian next. I visited Milan last year and I think it would be great to be able to speak to some of the locals. Also, its quite similar to Spanish, so I dont think it would be too confusing.Georgina (England, Olympic swimmer)Id really like to learn French. I actually learned it some years ago, but I havent used it in a long time and Ive forgotten it but its a language that I really enjoy speaking, and I think France is a wonderful country.James (New Zealand, travel writer)语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文中四人分别表述了自己最想学习的下一种语言并给出了理由。1One of the reasons why Bryan wants to learn French is that _.Ait is easy to learnBit is used frequentlyCit sounds more beautiful than EnglishDit allows him to express himself more clearly解析：选B推理判断题。根据第二段中的“it could be very useful in different job situations”可知，在不同的工作场景中法语都非常有用。由此可推测，正是因为法语的使用频率很高，所以Bryan想学法语。2We can infer that Georgina _.Awill live in MilanBcan speak SpanishCfeels puzzled about her careerDwants to make some Italian friends解析：选B推理判断题。根据第三段中的“its quite similar to Spanish, so I dont think it would be too confusing”可推测，因为Georgina会西班牙语，所以她认为和西班牙语很像的意大利语应该不会很难学。3Who is the most fearless learner?AElena.BBryan.CGeorgina. DJames.解析：选A推理判断题。根据第一段中的“. the vast amount of vocabulary the German language has. So I think itd be really difficult but a fun challenge”可知，Elena明明知道德语的词汇量很大，学起来会很困难，但仍然想去尝试学德语，并认为这是项很有趣的挑战。由此不难看出，Elena是个不畏困难的学习者。BWhat will man be like in the future in 5,000 or even 50,000 years from now? We can only make guesses, of course, but we can be sure that he will be different from what he is today, for man is slowly changing all the time. Let us take an obvious example. Man, even five hundred years ago, was shorter than he is today. Now, on average, men are about three inches taller. Five hundred years is relatively a short period of time, so we may assume that man will continue to grow taller. Again, in the modern world we use our brains a great deal. Even so, we still make use of only about 20% of the brains capacity. As time goes on, however, we shall have to use our brains more and more, and eventually we shall need larger ones! This is likely to bring about a physical change to the head, in particular, the forehead will grow larger. Nowadays our eyes are in constant use. In fact, we use them so much that very often they bee weaker and we have to wear glasses. But over a very long period of time it is likely that mans eyes will grow stronger.On the other hand, we tend to make less use of our arms and legs. These, as a result, are likely to grow weaker. At the same time, however, our fingers will grow more sensitive because they are used a great deal in modern life.But what about hair? This will probably disappear from the body altogether in course of time because it does not serve a useful purpose any longer. In the future, then, both sexes are likely to be bald (光秃的)Perhaps all these give the impression that in the future man will not be a very attractive creature to look at! This may well be true. All the same, in spite of all these changes, future man will still have a lot in mon with us. He will still be a human being，with thoughts and emotions similar to our own.语篇解读：本文对未来人会变成什么样子进行了分析和想象。4The passage mainly tells us that _.Amans life will be different in the futureBfuture man will look quite different from usCman is growing taller and uglier as time passesDmans organs functions will be on the wane (衰退)解析：选B主旨大意题。由第一段可知本文主要介绍未来人类的外貌可能会出现的变化。C项只是其中的一个方面。5The change in mans size of forehead is probably because _.Ahe/she makes use only 20% of the brains capacityBhis/her brain has grown larger over the past centuriesCthe other 80% of his/her brain will grow in due timeDhe/she will use his brain more and more as time goes on解析：选D细节理解题。由第二段最后两句说人类将更多地使用大脑，最终大脑变大，前额变大可知答案。6Which of the following is TRUE about a human being in the future?AHe is hairless because hair is no longer useful.BHe has smaller eyes and wears better glasses.CHis fingers grow weaker because he doesnt have to make use of them.DHe thinks and feels in different ways.解析：选A正误判断题。第五段指出人类的头发可能会消失，因为“. it does not serve a useful purpose any longer”，即头发失去作用。7It is implied that _.Ahuman beings will bee less attractive in the futureBless use of a bodily organ may lead to its degenerationChuman beings hope for a change in the future lifeDfuture life is always predictable解析：选B推理判断题。从人类身体变化可以看出，经常使用的，如大脑、手指将变得发达，而不常用的如头发、四肢会退化。CThe Internet of Things (IoT) aims to get everything and everyone talking. Attaching sensors (传感器) to “things”， such as cows, cars and refrigerators, and then giving them unique IP addresses allow them to “talk” to the Internet. Networking pany Cisco says that 50 billion Internetconnected devices and objects will be sending data by 2020.But getting back to those cows, cars and refrigerators, what types of data might they actually send? Cows might send their locations or physical conditions. Cars might municate low oil levels and automatically schedule their own maintenance (维修). And refrigerators might send owners text messages reminding them its time to buy milk and eggs.The IoT will allow people to track things and processes like never before. Airplane manufacturers will be able to continuously track the condition of airplane parts, allowing them to do preventive (预防性的) maintenance and avoid costly downtime. Consumers could place smart devices in their homes to monitor energy usage and observe energy price changes in real time. That would allow people to change their habits and use electrical appliances during lowerpriced hours.Some critics fear that the IoT could end up being a fad (流行) that people lose interest in over time. Other critics are doubtful that panies making Internetconnected appliances will provide longterm software updates. If that happens, a refrigerator or washing machine that should last 10 years or more could last two or three due to software thats outdated.Early this year, owners of the Tesla Model S electric car received a recall notice reminding them of a charger plug needing to be fixed. Amazingly, owners of the Model S sat back while the pany performed an “over the air”wireless update. Customers confirmed the update by tapping on the cars touch screen to see that the Model S was running the latest software version. No trip to the dealer was required!Perhaps Teslas remote fix is a sign of things to e. Someday soon, peoples lives might bee a lot more efficient and convenient thanks to the IoT.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了什么是物联网物联网指把各种物体与信息传感设备相结合形成一个巨大网络，其目的是方便用户识别和管理。8What can we learn from Paragraphs 2 & 3?AHow the IoT works.BWhy the IoT is so popular.CWho will benefit from the IoT.DWhat problems the IoT is facing.解析：选A段落大意题。第二段是对“what types of data might they actually send？”的解释，而第三段进一步解释了物联网的功能，这些都是对物联网如何运转的介绍。9The example of the Tesla Model S electric car is used to show _.Athe plexity of the IoTBthe convenience of the IoTCthe value of the Tesla electric carDthe popularity of the Tesla electric car解析：选B推理判断题。由倒数第二段的“owners of the Model S sat back while the pany performed an over the air wireless update”可知，汽车车主只需要坐着等待就可以享受维修升级服务，故该事例说明了物联网的便捷性。10Whats the authors attitude towards the future of the IoT?AHopeful. BWorried.CDoubtful. DDisappointed.解析：选A作者态度题。由最后一段的“Someday soon, peoples lives might bee a lot more efficient and convenient thanks to the IoT.”可知，作者对物联网的未来充满了希望。11What would be the best title for the text?AFad is disappearing! BIts time to change!CInternet is ing! DIts all connected!解析：选D标题归纳题。本文是对物联网的介绍物联网指把各种物体与信息传感设备相结合形成一个巨大网络，其目的是方便用户识别和管理。D项中的connected一词正好说明了物联网把各种物品和网络连接起来的这一特性。DI have lived in Americas countryside for nine years, first in Michigan, where I was getting my university degree; then in central Illinois; and now in Indiana, where I am a university teacher. There were a few things I enjoyed plaining (抱怨) about in my living area. Im a vegetarian (素食者), so theres nowhere to go out for a nice dinner without taking a 50mile drive. Im black, so theres nowhere to get my hair done without another 50mile drive.I repeated these plaints to my parents and my friends. Sometimes it seemed like plaints were the mon language in my circle. We all were dissatisfied with something. Back in Illinois, my friends plained about the train to Chicago and how its never on time; my friends in bigger cities plained about the expensive rent and strange smells on the subway.plaining allows us to accept the imperfect without having to take action. We all have great ideas about what life would be like if only we had this, or did that, or lived there. Perhaps plaining helps bridge the large space between these perfect selves and reality.Theres also this: I really didnt want to change most of the things I plained about. plaining was helpful on those days when happiness required too much energy. But it also made me lose sight of something. I was born and grew up in Nebraska and have lived most of my life in one of the plains states. When I went to the coasts, I was surprised by how unattractive bigcity living can be.plaining may offer relief, but so does acceptance. There is no perfect place. There is no perfect life. There will always be something to plain about. By focusing on (关注) my plaints, I risked missing out on important moments of happiness. Now, I look up into the night sky and see all the stars. And I know that I have nothing to plain about.语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。作者曾是一个爱抱怨的人，然而她最终意识到抱怨不会带来任何改变还会使她错过许多美好的时刻。12What do we know about the author?AShe likes driving in the countryside.BShe is very picky about her hair.CShe is a well educated woman.DShe often goes out for dinner.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第一段中的“I was getting my university degree”和“I am a university teacher”可知，作者是一个受过良好教育的人。13After plaining, the author probably_.Ahad a deeper understanding of realityBtried to make herself more perfectCgot sadder about her situationDremained unchanged解析：选D推理判断题。根据第三段中的“plaining allows us to accept the imperfect without having to take action.”和第四段中的“I really didnt want to change most of the things I plained about”可推测，作者抱怨过后基本不作出任何改变。14What does the underlined word “something” in Paragraph 4 refer to?AThe fact that the author liked the countryside.BThe difference between small and big cities.CThe difficulty in finding happiness.DThe purpose of the authors life.解析：选A代词指代题。画线词something指的是后面的两句“I was born and grew up in Nebraska and have lived most of my life in one of the plains states. When I went to the coasts, I was surprised by how unattractive bigcity living can be.”由此可知，作者想表达她所忽略的事情是：她生养于有着大片平原的内布拉斯加，并且一点儿都不羡慕大城市的生活，即：她曾经非常喜爱乡村生活的事实。15The author writes the text mainly to _.Amake her plaintsBtell us to stop plainingCpare different lifestylesDtell us life is the same anywhere解析：选B写作目的题。根据最后一段特别是最后一句“And I know that I have nothing to plain about.”可知，作者写作此文旨在告诉我们应该停止抱怨生活，并且希望我们可以更多地关注生活中的美好。.阅读七选五SQ3R stands for Survey, Question, Read, Recite, Review. It is a proven technique to sharpen textbook reading skills. Heres how this strategy works：SurveyGet an idea of what the chapter is about by reviewing the highlights (最突出的部分)：_1_Take note of words that are italicized (斜体) or bold (黑体)Look at charts, graphs, pictures, maps and other visual material.Read the very beginning and end of the chapter.QuestionAs you survey the text, ask a question for each section. _2_ You can create questions by：Turning the title or subtitles into questions；Rewriting the questions at the end of the chapter in your own words.Questions help you pay attention, understand the text better, and recall the information more easily later on.ReadRead one section of a chapter at a time, actively looking for an answer to your question for that section. Pay attention to bold and italicized text that authors use to make important points. Be sure to review everything in the section, including tables, graphs, and charts. _3_ReciteAt the end of each section, find an answer to your question for that section. _4_ Be sure to provide examples that support it. Now repeat Question, Read and Recite steps for each section of the chapter or assigned reading.ReviewAfter reading, review your notes. Identify the main points of the reading by looking for the most important idea in each section. _5_Review your study notes and the summary every week to help you remember the information. When its time to study for your tests, youll find youve created an invaluable guide.ARead the titles and subtitles.BThen write down your answer.CFirst ask a question for the next section.DWrite a brief summary of the chapter or assignment.EThe written questions and answers will help you study in the future.FAsk what, why, how, when, who and where as they relate to the content.GThese features can municate an idea more powerfully than written text.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了五步读书法，即：浏览、提问、阅读、复述、复习。1选A根据本空前的内容可知，浏览的时候要特别注意文章中的突出部分。根据常识我们知道，“标题和副标题”在字体及字号等方面往往不同于正文，比较显眼。2选FF项中的Ask符合五步读书法中的“提问”。3选G本空前提示读者在阅读时要注意图表信息，因为“这些吸引人眼球的内容比文字更能有力地传达信息”。4选B根据“复习”部分提到的notes可知，在复述时，不仅要解答之前提问的问题，还要“把答案写下来”，并要提供支持该答案的例证。5选D根据常识及下段中的summary可知，在复习的时候要“写一个简单的总结”。
展开阅读全文