资源描述
The design of automatic flipping-body nursing bed Author(s)Fengfa Lang ; Yinjie Cao ; Hui Huang ; Yan Wang ; Pengpeng Yu ; Xinghai Xie Abstract: Through connected the pieces of bed boards with the hinges, it can make the bed board up and down independently, so the functions that turning the body to left or right and raising the legs can be realized. One of the functions does not affect others. Taking the single chip microcomputer as control system core and collecting data about up and down, turn the body to left or right and the angle of raising legs, then it can manually control these functions by using electric driver pusher as the motive power. Combining with clock timing and states switching, we can customize the parameters of the flipping body, so the automatic control problem in the nursing bed is solved.Published in: 2011 2nd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Management Science and Electronic Commerce (AIMSEC) Date of Conference: 8-10 Aug. 2011 Date Added to IEEE Xplore: 06 September 2011 ISBN Information: INSPEC Accession Number: 12259492 DOI: 10.1109/AIMSEC.2011.6010593 Publisher: IEEE Conference Location: Dengleng, China AdvertisementContents SECTION I.IntroductionAccoring to Chinese official data, the number of the retirees in our country from 48.2 million in 2004 rises to 70 million in 2010. In our country the number of the old who are more than 60 years old is 143 million, it accounts for 1/5 of the population of global old people. We must pay close attention to the nursing problem about the old and the people can not live by themselves. In this condition, people at home and abroad developed many special bed for patients to get up and flip their bodies. These special bed can meet some need of nursing, but they have the complex structure, the trouble operation, the imperfect functions and the expensive price. That is difficult to meet the needs of the general hospital and the family. So we develop new nursing bed that has simple structure, convenient use and low costing. It is more applicable to the hospital and the family. The patient can get up, flip the body or raise the legs themselves by the remote control or the keyboard. Or we set the pattern as the flipping-body, then it could flip the body without nursing personnel. According to the demand of the patients, in our manual pattern the bed can make the body get up and raise the legs at the same time. The bed satisfies the needs of most patients, greatly reduces the work strength of the nursing staff and improve the patients ability to take care of themselves, that avoids the occurrence of bedsore of the long-term bedridden patients. 1SECTION II.The design of bed bodyTo realize the function that getting up, turning body to left or right and raising legs, the bed is consisted by 12 pieces of bed boards. The structure diagram of the bed boards is shown in Figure 1. Figure 1. The structure diagram of the automatic flipping-body nursing bedBed board 1, 2, 3 used for the function of getting up, bed board 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11 used for the function of turning the body to left, bed board 2, 3, 5, 6, 8, 9, 11, 12 used for the function of turning the body to right, bed board 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 used for the function of raising legs. Because the angles of getting up and flipping body are big, we set an inhibiting device in case the bed boards are overturned when the patients get up or flip body. There are two angle transducers used for flipping body under board 2, the two transducers are installed at the perpendicular direction, they are also vertical to the long side of the bed. Three dip angle transducers are installed parallel to the long side of bed, they are used for collecting the angle of getting up, flipping body and raising legs. The functions that getting up, turning the body to left, turning the body to right and raising legs are drived by four independent electric drive pushers. According to the different angles of each part, we choose different electric drive pushers. The electric drive pushers and each part of bed boards are catenated by L revolvingshaft. 2SECTION III.The design of control systemA. Hardware systemHardware system based on the slip chip microcomputer, its input terminal has 8 road 4 4 keyboard, 3 road AID, the clock and remote control receiving input, and its output terminal has 4 road photoelectric isolation relay, 2 road positive pole and negative pole of the power switch and liquid crystal display etc. The structure diagram of system is shown in Figure 2. Figure 2. Hardware structure diagram of the nursing bedWe use STC5628AD slip chip microcomputer which has 8 road A/D switch and 28KB FLASHROM. FLASHROM can be used for application program, it also can be treated as EEPROM which is used for storing the system setting parameters. Three roads of A/D are used to input the analog signal of angle relay. The dip angles signal 0V5V corresponds to the 90 degrees +90 degrees. The other roads of A/D are used as the ordinary input/output ports. The identification of keyboard uses the row scanning method. The remote controller receives 4 bits coding, that corresponds to 16 buttons of the remote controller. The clock calendar chip adopts DS 1320 to realize the clock calendar and provide timing for automatic mode. Using 12864 LCD screen with work stock to show the current state of operation. It is convenient to control flipping-body and set system. Four electric driver pushers are controlled by the output of the 4 road photoelectric isolation relay. In hardware we use photoelectric isolation and filter to eliminate the interference of control circuit produced by the electric driver pushers perceptual load. The level calibration of angle sensor is completed by system. 3B. Software system1) The operation process of systemSoftware system mainly completes the functions that system initialization, manual mode control, automatic mode control and system settings etc. System initialization includes that reading of system parameters, clock initialization, display initialization and port initialization etc. Enter the cycle of the system control, then detect if there is a key pressed. If there is a key value input, system will operate the setting mode and control the state. If there is no key pressed, system will operate as the last setting mode. System initialization sets as manual mode and stop state. The flow diagram of system operation as shown in Figure 3.2) The control process of automatic operation modeAutomatic operation mode is divided into eight steps. We can set the number n of automatic operation mode in safe range, they are corresponded to the limit angle of flipping-body, the time side lay and the time lie down. In automatic operation mode according to the parameters of automatic mode, slip chip microcomputer reads the current clock and automatically switches the operation in the eight steps. The figure of mode control process and state transition as shown in Figure 4. Figure 3. The flow chart of system operationView AllFigure 4. Steps decomposition of automatic control modeView AllThe number 18 represent the switching point of the eight state, the alphabet charm A - H represent the eight state in automatic mode. The eight states are lying delay, turn left, left side delay, turn left and put down, lying delay, turn right, right side delay and turn right and put down. The start time, sideways time and lying time can set arbitrarily in automatic mode.3) Set the system parameterThe setting of system parameter includes the limited angle setting in manual mode and the holding time and the limited angle setting in automatic mode. In addition, we can calibrate the bed board to ensure the precision control of angle. System set the password to protect the system parameters not to be changed illegally. Only the authorized personnel can start the control system. Also system has the level calibration function to ensure the bed body be installed in a certain angle above ground.We use Keil Cx51 to write the program which compiles at uVision 4.0. Then it can be downloaded to single chip microcomputer to operate reliably4.SECTION IV.System functionsA. Manual modeWe can realize the functions that getting up, turning the body to left, turning the body to right, raising legs, or getting up with raising legs by the remote controller or keyboard in the manual mode.B. Automatic modeAutomatic mode has many flipping-body modes such as mode 1, mode 2 etc. In each kind of mode, the start time of flipping body, the angle of flipping body, the sideways time and the lying time can set arbitrarily. System has a memory function that can store the model parameters in system, these parameters will not lose when power down. System operation parameters such as the angle of flipping-body, the mode of operation, the time of operation etc are shown in LCD display screen. It is easy to understand the current state of the nursing bed.SECTION V.ConclusionThe automatic flipping-body nursing bed can be widely used in hospitals, rehabilitation centers and families etc. It reduces the work strength of the nursing staff and improve the patients ability to take care of themselves that avoids the occurrence of bedsore of the long-term bedridden patients. The nursing bed is not only applicable to the patients who can not take care of themselves, but also applicable to the healthy people. Setting the mode as the automatic mode, system can flip body automatically according to the relevant parameters. This eases the users fatigue and has a certain health care function. After the long time testing, the each function can be reliably realized and can satisfy the practical application requirements.
展开阅读全文