被动语态讲解课件.ppt

Passivevoice 各种时态的被动语态结构 1 一般现在时态的被动语态结构 am is are vt过去分词 2 一般过去时态的被动语态结构 was were vt过去分词 3 含有情态动词的被动语态结构 情态动词 be vt过去分词 4 一般将来时的被动语态结构 will shall be vt过去分词 5 现在进行时态的被动语态结构 am is are being vt过去分词 6 过去进行时态的被动语态结构 was were being vt过去分词 7 现在完成时态的被动语态结构 have hasbeen vt过去分词 Theboybroketheglass Theglasswasbrokenbytheboy 如何从主动语态变为被动语态 1 主语介词by宾语2 谓语加be 并变为过去分词3 宾语主语 主动语态和被动语态对照表 1 Theymakeshoesinthatfactory 主语 及物动词 宾语 Shoesaremade bythem inthatfactory 一般现在时 am is are 过去分词 各种时态变为被动语态 2 Theyboughttencomputerslastterm Tencomputerswerebought bythem lastterm 一般过去时 was were 过去分词 Tomwillcleantheroomtomorrow 主 谓 宾 Theroom willbecleaned by Tom tomorrow 一般将来时 willbe 过去分词 3 AmycantakegoodcareofGina GinacanbetakengoodcareofbyAmy 情态动词 can may must should be 过去分词 5 Someworkersarepaintingtheroomsnow Theroomsarebeingpaintedbysomeworkersnow 现在进行时 am is are being 过去分词 7 Iwasdoingmyhomeworkat8 00lastnight Myhomeworkwasbeingdone byme at8 00lastnight 过去进行时 was were being 过去分词 6 Wehavemadetwentymorekeys Twentymorekeyshavebeenmadebyus 现在完成时 have has been 过去分词 请将下列主动语态变成被动语态1 Lucyboughtsomefruit Somefruit Lucy 2 UncleWangwaterstheflowerseveryday Theflowers UncleWangeveryday 3 Didtheybuildthebridgein1998 thebridge in1998 4 WhendidLuXunwritethesebooks When thesebooks LuXun 5 Thefarmersdon tgrowapplesonthefarm Apples onthefarm 6 Theydidn tcleantheclassroomyesterday Theclassroom yesterday wasboughtby arewateredby Was built were writtenby aren tgrown wasn tcleaned 带情态动词的被动语态1 Youcandotheworkallbyyourself Thework allbyyourself 2 Wemustplantmoretrees Moretrees 3 Weshoulddigalargehole Alargehole 4 Canweputourbikeshere ourbikes here 5 Youmustn tthrowrubbishhere Rubbish here 6 Wecan tseemanystars Manystars canbedone mustbeplanted shouldbedug Can beput mustn tbethrown can tbeseen 在被动语态中要注意的问题 一 使役动词 let have make等 或感官动词 see hear watch 等 在主动语态中后面接的动词不定式省略to 改为被动语态时一定要补上to 如 Thebossmakestheworkersworkallday Theworkersaremadetoworkalldaybytheboss Isawhimenterthehouse Hewasseentoenterthehousebyme C Wehearhersingintheroomeveryday Sheisheardtosingintheroomeveryday 注意 当使用see hear watchsbdoingsth时 变为被动语态时 doing不变 如 Isawhimgoingintotheshop 主动 Hewasseengoingintotheshop 被动 go 1 Tom sfatherboughthimabook He abookbyhisfather Abook himbyhisfather 二 带双宾语的动词有两种改法 1 把指人的宾语作为被动句的主语 2 当把直接宾语物作为主语时 要加介词to for wasbought 在被动语态中要注意的问题 wasbought for pass show send 此类动词有 buy beboughtfor 如 give begivento 此类动词还有 draw make cook mend Hegavemeabeautifulpresent Iwasgivenabeautifulpresentbyhim Abeautifulpresentwasgiventome 感官动词 hear see watch feel notice等 和使役动词 let makehave等 在主动语态中后接不带to的动词不定式 但是改为被动语态时 把to加在动词原形之前 Theymadetheboyswork12hoursaday Theboysweremadetowork12hoursaday Weoftenseehimgoforawalkbytheriver Heisoftenseentogoforawalkbytheriver 1 Theteachersoftenmakeusreadbooksinthemorning Weareoftenmadetoreadbooksinthemorningbytheteachers 2 Wenoticedhimtalkwithmybrotherjustnow Hewasnoticedtotalkwithmybrotherjustnow 3 WesawherhelpTomwhenweentertheroom ShewasseentohelpTomwhenweentertheroom 4 Imadehimstopwhilehewasdoingthework Hewasmadetostopwhilehewasdoingthework 3主动句中含有宾语补足语句子的被动语态 把人变为主语Mothertoldmenottobelate Iwastoldnottobelatebymother Isawmotherplantingflowersinthegarden Motherwasseenplantingflowersinthegarden 必背 动词短语变被动语态 后面的介词不能丢 takecareof betakencareof cutdown becutdown laughat belaughedat lookafter belookedafter Speaktobespokento Handinbehandedin 4短语动词的被动语态Icantakegoodcareofthebaby Thebabycanbetakengoodcareof Weshouldspeaktotheoldpolitely Theoldshouldbespokentopolitely Therainstopped Thesouptastesdelicious stop taste在句中是不及物动词 后面不能直接带宾语 因此不能变为被动语态 不及物动词 vi 不能用于被动语态 happen takeplace appear disappear belongto breakout 爆发 e g Atrafficaccident happen justnow happened 2 连系动词 Link v 不用被动语态 如 be look seem feel sound smell taste get turn become e g PekingOpera sound beautiful sounds 3 当此动词表示事物的自然属性的时候 不用被动语态 e g Thepen write veryfast writes Thiskindofsweater sell well sells 三 汉语中含有 据说 据悉 有人说 大家说 等时 例如 Itissaidthatonedayheclimbedtothetopofahouseand ItwasreportedthathermotherdiedofSARS 众所周知 Itiswellknownthat 据推测说 Itissupposedthat Practice 1MustIpayforitatonce it atonce 2Wewillbuildanewlab Anewlab 3Theyaren tstoppingthetrafficnow Thetraffic now 4Howlonghaveyoukeptthebook Howlong thebook Must been paid for will be built isn t been stopping has been kept 5Ifyourhomework do well youmaygotoplay 6Mr Greenwasseen grow trees 7Theblackboardwas look carefullybythestudents 8Theshipmodel be make intwodays isdone togrow lookedat will made 1 DidyougotoJim sbirthdayparty No I 北京2003年中招试题 A amnotinvitedB wasn tinvitedC haven tinvitedD didn tinvited2 Tomakeourcitymorebeautiful rubbish intotheriver A needn tbethrownB mustn tbethrownC can tthrowD maynotthrow 重庆2003年中招试题 中招名题回顾 B B 考点聚焦 1 主动语态为动词原形作宾语补足语 Theworkersweremade12hoursadayntheolddays A workB towork2 主动语态的谓语为短语动词 Theirhomeworkhalfanhourago A washandedinB washanded A B 3 Youmaygofishingifyourwork 河北2003年中招试题 A isdoneB willbedoneC hasdoneD havedone4 Wearetold everywhere It sourdutytokeepourschoolclean 辽宁2003年中招试题 nottomakemuchnoiseB tothrowwastepaperC todrawD nottospit A D 1 Whatdoyouthinkofthefootballmatchyesterday It ssurprising Thestrongestteam A wasbeatenB wonC scoredD wasfailed2 Iwon tcometothepartyunlessSue A willinviteB invitesC invitedD isinvited3 Whatareonshowinthemuseum Somephotos byAfricanchildren A aretakenB havebeentakenC takenD weretaken4 Theboy studyathomebyherlastSunday AmadeBwasmadeCwasmadetoDmadeto 中招模拟 A D C C 4 Thetreesmust threetimesaweek A waterB iswateringC bewateredD waters5 Anothernewbuilding lastmonthnearmyschool A wasbuiltB builtC hasbeenbuiltD isbuilt 6 Anewbridge overtherivernextyear AisbuiltBwillbuildCwillbebuiltDwillbuilt7 TVandradioprogrames theothersideoftheworldwiththehelpofthesatellites AcansendtoBcansendonCcanbesenttoDcanbesenton C A C C 3 Insummermeatandfruit foralongtime Acan tbekeptBdoesn tkeepCisnotkeptDisn tkeeping4 Thesefilms byyoungchildren AshouldnotseenBshouldn tbeseenCshouldbenotseenDshouldsee5 Thepieceofmusic great AsoundsBsoundedCissoundedDissounding 6 It inasmallvillagelastmonth AhappenedBwashappenedChappenDhadhappened A B A A 2 Ourclassroomshould cleanandtidy AwaskeptBbekeptCiskeepDhavekept 3 Noletter sinceyouleftforShanghai AhavereceivedBhavebeenreceivedChadbeenreceivedDhasbeenreceived4 I mafraidyoucan tgoin Theroom AispaintedBhaspaintedCisbeingpaintedDispainting 6 Thegirl singingwhenwepassedby AheardBwasheardCwasheardtoDheardto B D C B 3 Mynewpen well AwritesBiswritingCiswrittenDwaswriting4 Alotofmoney spentonbooks AhasBhaveChasbeenDhavebeen5 Anotherbridge setupovertheriverin6years AisbeingBwillbeenCwillbeDhasbeen6 Mybike for3days AismendedBhasbeenmendedChasn tbemendedDisbeingmended 7 Why youarewetallover I justnowandIrushedallthewayhere AcaughttherainBwascaughtintherainCcaughtarainDwascaughtbyarain 3 Wearetoldthatthesebooks tothelibrary AcanbereturnedBmayreturnCmustbereturnedDmustreturned4 Thiskindofmedicine aftersupper AshouldtakeBshouldbetakenCshouldbeeatenDshouldeat 5 AtalkonChinesehistory intheschoolhallnextweek AisgivenBhasbeengivenCwillgiveDwillbegiven6 He gointotheroomjustnow AsawBwasseenCwasseentoDsawto