人教版2020年备战中考初中英语专项训练—阅读理解（科普环保类）A卷.doc

人教版2020年备战中考初中英语专项训练阅读理解（科普环保类）A卷姓名:_ 班级:_ 成绩:_一、 阅读理解 (共5题；共52分)1. （10分）阅读理解Stop reading for a minute and think about what you see when you look up at the sky on a clear night. You probably see many stars(星星). Long long ago, farmers watch some stars to know when to plant their crops. Travellers did so to find their way in the dark. Today stars are still important to some people.Scientists find that most stars are very big. In fact some stars are so far away that it would take millions of years to get to them even by spaceship.Another thing we know today about stars is that some are made up of(由组成) hot gases. The gases are so hot that they send out light. If you watch a star carefully, you may notice that it twinkles(闪烁) sometimes. As you may understand, light from a star must shine through the air before you can see the star. Air is always moving, it makes light from the star move back and forth. When the light moves, it makes the star twinkle. Stars also have different colours. The colours of a star depend on how hot it is. To our surprise, the cool stars are red and the hottest stars are white.（1）Long long ago, travellers to find their way in the dark A . made a fireB . used a lampC . watched starsD . used sticks(棍)（2）Why does a star sometimes twinkle? A . Because its light travels through the moving air.B . Because its light is too bright.C . Because it is made up of hot gases.D . Because it is too dark.（3）Red stars are . A . hotB . coldC . warmD . cool（4）Which is the TURE according to the passage? A . Today stars are not important to people at all.B . It took us a short time to get to the stars by spaceship.C . You can see the star before it shines through the air.D . Farmers knew when to plant their crops by watching some stars.（5）The gases can send out light because . A . they are very far awayB . they are very hotC . they have different coloursD . they can move2. （12分）阅读短文，根据短文内容判断所给句子正误。（共1小题，每小题10分） When you look up into the night sky, you can see the moon. But do you know that youre only seeing one side of the moon? The other side, also known as the far side of the moon, has long been a secret to us. But now, we have a chance to see whats on the far side. On January 3rd, Chinas Change 4 probe(探测器) landed on the far side of the moon. It is the first probe in history to land there. Change 4 probe has already done a lot of things on the moon. One of its jobs is to grow plants. Change 4 probe took six living things to the moon. Such as cotton, potatoes and fruit flies(果蝇). The cotton has already started growing. This is the first time humans have grown plants on the moon. Change 4 probe also took a lot of pictures of the moons far side. With these pictures, scientists will learn more about the moon. （1）According to the passage, we can see both sides of the moon. （2）Growing plants on the moon is Change 4 probes only task. （3）Change 4 probe is the first probe to land on the far side of the moon. （4）Seven living things were brought to the moon by Change 4 probe. （5）The cotton has already begun growing on the moon. 3. （10分）阅读下面短文，从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。BYou probably know many of the things that you can do with the hundreds of different muscles（肌肉） in your body. But have you ever thought about how the muscles in an animals body are different from yours? An animals muscles are made to do the things that are the most important for its life.Lions are hunters. They depend on their ability to catch other animals. Lions must be fast in order to catch their prey(猎物). The powerful muscles in their back legs allow them to run at speeds of more than 30 miles per hour. They can also jump a distance of more than 35 feet. The strong muscles in their front legs help them catch their prey.Snakes also use their muscles for hunting prey and for movement, but their muscles work in very different ways than lions do. Because snakes do not have any legs, they use their muscles to push against the ground or other objects to move themselves forward. Their muscles also allow them to eat things that seem much too large. For example, a snake may eat an egg that is larger than the width of its body. How does this happen? The snakes strong neck muscles work together to push the egg down the mouth.The elephants long nose has a lot of muscles. Scientist believe that the nose alone has more than 100, 000 muscles! This is because the elephant uses its nose much in the same way that people use their hands and fingers. Even though the nose is large, it can perform surprisingly tasks. For example, an elephant can pick up a tree by its roots or even to lift a baby elephant.The great muscles of these animals seem pretty unbelievable. But the muscles in your body work exactly the way you need them to. After all, it might be fun to be able to jump a distance of 30 feet, but as a human being, there is just not much need for it.（1）The underlined word hunters in Paragraph 2 means persons or animals that _. A . keep animals for funB . raise animals for meatC . catch animals for foodD . run after animals for exercise（2）According to the passage, what makes the muscles in your body different from an animals? A . The exercise.B . Your power.C . The environment.D . Your needs.（3）Which of the following shows structure(结构) of the passage? (P=Paragraph) A . B . C . D . 4. （10分） Happiness is important for everyone. Most people want to be happy but few know how to find happiness. Money and success dont bring lasting happiness. Happiness depends on ourselves. In other words, we make our own happiness.Some people believe that if they are wealthy, they will be able to do anything they want, which means happiness. On the other hand, some people believe that holding a high position in the government is happiness. In this way, you have not only money, but also many other things which cant be bought by money. However, other people believe that having lots of money is not happiness, nor is holding a high position in the government. These people value(重视) their beliefs, or their intelligence, or their health. They think these can make them happy.Here are a few ways to help you be happier.The first secret of happiness is to enjoy the simple things in life. Too often, we spend so much time thinking about the future, for example, getting into college or getting a good job, that we dont enjoy the present. You should enjoy lifes simple pleasures, such as reading a good book, listening to your favorite music, or spending time with close friends. People who have close friends usually enjoy happier and healthier lives.The second secret of happiness is to be active. Many people go dancing or play sports. People can forget about their problems and only think about the activities.Finally, many people find happiness in helping others. According to studies, people feel good when they volunteer their time to do many meaningful things for other people. If you want to feel happier, do something nice for someone. You can help a friend with his or her studies, go shopping to get food for an old neighbor, or simply help around the house.Now maybe you know how to find happiness!（1）The underlined word “wealthy” means “” in the article.A . pleasedB . healthyC . excitedD . rich（2）Some people who hold a high position in the government think they can _.A . get money and something they cant buy with moneyB . do what they want to do at any timeC . enjoy health which makes them work hardD . take an active part in all kinds of activities every day（3）The writer thinks the secret of happiness is that people _.A . think about getting a good jobB . think of presents they dont likeC . often spend time with close friendsD . often spend time on entering the college（4）Many people find it happy to _.A . remember the old days and troublesB . do some meaningful things for othersC . go shopping to buy some foodD . make much money and little success（5）The passage mainly tells us _.A . how to find happinessB . how to save happinessC . to do something good for othersD . to value our beliefs or health5. （10分） There is a famous English saying You are what you eat, and it means what you put in your mouth will become part of you. Many experts（专家） use it to tell people its important to have a good eating habit. For example, too much sweet food makes a person overweight. To avoid being fat, kids are told to keep off sweet food. However, a team of American scientists have discovered something new about eating sweet food.When we say some people sweet, we mean they are kind and friendly to us. Perhaps this word can help us learn more about peoples feelings and acts. said Brian Meier, a scientist from the study team. Taste is something we experience every day. What we have done is to find whether we can know someones character and behavior depending on their taste.In one of their experiments, college students were asked questions about their character- whether, for example, they were soft-hearted or not. Then they were asked to make a list of their favorite food. According to their answers, the scientists found that the students who liked sweet food were nicer.In their another experiment, the scientists found that people who preferred sweet food such as cookies and chocolate were more willing to help other people in need, and those who ate non-sweet food such as chips werent. For example, people with a sweet tooth were more likely to volunteer to clean up their city, visit sick children in the hospital and so on.The result of the experiments is that peoples helpfulness or being nice has something to do with their taste for sweet food. So eating sweet food is a useful way to make people nice and helpful. Next time, try some ice-cream.（1）The underlined word it in the sentence Many experts use it to tell people its important to have a good eating habit. refers to_.A . the sweet foodB . the English sayingC . the American teamD . the eating habit（2）According to the result of the experiments, sweet food makes people_.A . overweightB . excitedC . relaxedD . friendly（3）The scientists found that the people who preferred_ were less helpful.A . chipsB . chocolateC . ice-creamD . cookies（4）It can be learnt from the passage that_.A . scientists asked college students questions about their futureB . scientists told college students not to eat sweet foodC . people with a sweet tooth are more willing to help othersD . peoples character has nothing to do with their taste第 9 页 共 9 页参考答案一、 阅读理解 (共5题；共52分)1-1、1-2、1-3、1-4、1-5、2-1、2-2、2-3、2-4、2-5、3-1、3-2、3-3、4-1、4-2、4-3、4-4、4-5、5-1、5-2、5-3、5-4、