英语专业四级完形填空专项.ppt

完形填空专项 一 大纲解读 测试要求 A 能在全面理解所给短文内容的基础上 选择一个最佳答案使短文意思和结构完整 B 考试时间为10分钟 测试形式 本部分采用选择题 在一篇约250个单词 题材熟悉 难度中等的短文中留出10个空格 每个空格为一题 要求学生从所给的词库中选择最佳答案 测试目的 测试学生的综合语言知识和技能 文章选材特点 专业四级请按行天空选用的文章一般来自英美主流报纸杂志 语言地道 逻辑条理清晰 文体以记叙文 说明文及议论文为主 二 完形填空5大答题步骤 1 通览全文 把握要旨记叙文 时间 地点 人物就是关键词 注意抓住故事的线索 议论文 作者的观点或者立场是关键 要特别注意文章首尾及各段主题句 说明文 所介绍的事物的特征是关键 2 按词性对词库中的备选项进行分类3 通过语法分析确定空格所填词词性4 综合考虑 选出答案5 对照全文 检查答案 三 利用语法知识确定词性和词形 一 如何确定空白处为动词1 n pron vt n pron todo ing2 n pron vi 空格后无宾语 3 n pron vi adv prep 与副词 介词搭配 4 n pron linkv beadj 5 tov ing例 Werarely 34 toconsiderwhyorhowtheyrun untilsomethinggoeswrong 应填入一个动词原形 三 利用语法知识确定词性和词形 二 如何确定空白处为分词1 has have had p p 2 bep p 被动语态 3 p p n 或n p p 作形容词修饰限定名词 4 bev ing 进行时态 5 v ingn 或n v ing 作形容词修饰限定名词 例 Trainsrefusedtomoveandthepeopleinthemsatinthedark powerlesstodoanything liftsstoppedworking sothatevenifyouwereluckyenoughnottobe 36 betweentwofloors 根据结构可填入adj v ing p p 再根据语义作判断应填入p p trapped 三 利用语法知识确定词性和词形 三 如何确定空白处为名词1 a an the adj vt n 2 n v 主语 3 prep n 介词宾语 此处也可以是动名词 例 Foragreatmanyhours lifecamealmosttoa 35 应填入可数名词单数 三 利用语法知识确定词性和词形 四 如何确定空白处为形容词1 adj n 或n adj 2 adv adj 此处也可是分词 3 be linkv adj 4 adj adj n 两个形容词共同修饰名词 例 Inthehome many 32 devicesarepoweredbyelectricity 可填入形容词做前置定语 三 利用语法知识确定词性和词形 五 如何确定空白处为副词1 adv v 或v adv 2 adv adj 3 adv 句子例 Evenwhenweturnoffthebedsidelampandare 33 asleep electricityisworkingforus drivingourrefrigerators heatingourwater orkeepingourroomsair conditioned 应填入副词修饰asleep 四 完形填空解题技巧 一 确定积极还是消极意义 缩小选择范围例 Peoplewereafraidtoleavetheirhouses foralthoughthepolicehadbeenorderedto standby incaseofemergency theywerejustasconfusedand 40 asanybodyelse 根据confused作判断 应为消极意义 需选择与confused并列的形容词 四 完形填空解题技巧 二 利用词库中同词性的形近词例 Neonlightingusedinadvertisinghasbecomepartofthecharacterofeverymoderncity Inthehome many 32 devicesarepoweredbyelectricity labor saving money saving 根据语义判断形近词money saving为干扰项 应选labor saving 四 完形填空解题技巧 三 利用词库中的近义词或反义词例 Inthesummerof1959 somethingdidgowrongwiththepower plantthatprovidedNewYorkwithelectricity Foragreatmanyhours lifecamealmosttoa 35 pause standstill 根据a判断应填入名词 从foragreatmanyhours推敲应该是停滞不前而不是暂停 故选standstill 四 完形填空解题技巧 四 利用词汇复现原词同义词近义词上义词下义词 A lookingB focusonC variousD extensiveE regionF differences G famousH enormousI entireJ overallK neitherL exactlyM need N eitherO geography Geographyisthestudyoftherelationshipbetweenpeopleandtheland Geographerscompareandcontrast 1 placesontheearth Buttheyalsogobeyondtheindividualplacesandconsidertheearthasawhole ThewordgeographycomesfromtwoGreekwords ge theGreekwordfor earth andgraphein whichmeans towrite TheEnglishwordgeographymeans todescribetheearth Somegeographybooks 2 asmallarealikeatownorcity Othersdealwitha 3 astate anation oran 4 continent Manygeographybooksdealwiththewholeearth Anotherwaytodividethestudyof 5 istodistinguishbetweenphysicalgeographyandculturalgeography Theformerfocusesonthenaturalworld thelatterstartswithhumanbeingsandstudieshowhumanbeingsandtheirenvironmentactuponeachother Butwhengeographyisconsideredasasinglesubject 6 branchcanneglecttheother Ageographermightbedescribedasonewhoobserves records andexplainsthe 7 betweenplaces Ifallplaceswerealike therewouldbelittle 8 forgeographers Weknow however thatnotwoplacesare 9 thesame Geography then isapointofview aspecialwayof 10 atplaces A lookingB focusonC variousD extensiveE regionF differences G famousH enormousI entireJ overallK neitherL exactlyM need N eitherO geography Geographyisthestudyoftherelationshipbetweenpeopleandtheland Geographerscompareandcontrast 1 placesontheearth Buttheyalsogobeyondtheindividualplacesandconsidertheearthasawhole ThewordgeographycomesfromtwoGreekwords ge theGreekwordfor earth andgraphein whichmeans towrite TheEnglishwordgeographymeans todescribetheearth Somegeographybooks 2 asmallarealikeatownorcity Othersdealwitha 3 astate anation oran 4 continent Manygeographybooksdealwiththewholeearth Anotherwaytodividethestudyof 5 istodistinguishbetweenphysicalgeographyandculturalgeography Theformerfocusesonthenaturalworld thelatterstartswithhumanbeingsandstudieshowhumanbeingsandtheirenvironmentactuponeachother Butwhengeographyisconsideredasasinglesubject 6 branchcanneglecttheother Ageographermightbedescribedasonewhoobserves records andexplainsthe 7 betweenplaces Ifallplaceswerealike therewouldbelittle 8 forgeographers Weknow however thatnotwoplacesare 9 thesame Geography then isapointofview aspecialwayof 10 atplaces v ing v p adj adj n n pl adj adj adj n adj adv pron adj adv v n pron adj n C B E I O K F M L A WhatdowemeanbyaperfectEnglishpronunciation Inone 1 thereareasmanydifferentkindsofEnglishastherearespeakersofit Notwospeakersspeakin 2 thesameway wecanalwaysheardifferencesbetweenthem andthepronunciationofEnglish 3 agreatdealindifferent 4 areas HowdowedecidewhatsortofEnglishtouseasa 5 ThisisnotaquestionthatcanbeansweredinthesamewayforallforeignlearnersofEnglish Ifyouliveinapartoftheworld likeIndiaorWestAfrica wherethereisalongtraditionofspeakingEnglishfor 6 communicationpurposes youshouldtendto 7 agoodvarietyofthepronunciationofthisarea Itwouldbea 8 inthesecircumstancestouseasamodelBBCEnglishorthingsofthesort Ontheotherhand ifyouliveinacountrywherethereisnotraditionaluseofEnglish youmusttakeasyourmodelsomeformofnativeEnglishpronunciation Itdoesnot 9 verymuchwhichformyourchoose Themost 10 wayistotakeasyourmodelthesortofEnglishyoucanhearmostoften A variesB generalC meaningD situationE possibilityF modelG acquireH senseI nonsenseJ effectiveK exactlyL geographicalM sensitiveN affectO matter WhatdowemeanbyaperfectEnglishpronunciation Inone 1 thereareasmanydifferentkindsofEnglishastherearespeakersofit Notwospeakersspeakin 2 thesameway wecanalwaysheardifferencesbetweenthem andthepronunciationofEnglish 3 agreatdealindifferent 4 areas HowdowedecidewhatsortofEnglishtouseasa 5 ThisisnotaquestionthatcanbeansweredinthesamewayforallforeignlearnersofEnglish Ifyouliveinapartoftheworld likeIndiaorWestAfrica wherethereisalongtraditionofspeakingEnglishfor 6 communicationpurposes youshouldtendto 7 agoodvarietyofthepronunciationofthisarea Itwouldbea 8 inthesecircumstancestouseasamodelBBCEnglishorthingsofthesort Ontheotherhand ifyouliveinacountrywherethereisnotraditionaluseofEnglish youmusttakeasyourmodelsomeformofnativeEnglishpronunciation Itdoesnot 9 verymuchwhichformyourchoose Themost 10 wayistotakeasyourmodelthesortofEnglishyoucanhearmostoften A variesB generalC meaningD situationE possibilityF modelG acquireH senseI nonsenseJ effectiveK exactlyL geographicalM sensitiveN affectO matter v adj adj adj adj v ing n adj n n vt vt n n n vt n vt n adv H K A L F B G I O J