白鲸MobyDick作品分析.ppt

MobyDick 1851 HermanMelville HermanMelville 1819 1891 wasanAmericannovelist shortstorywriter essayist andpoet AlthoughMelvillehasbeenregardedthroughoutmostofthetwentiethcenturyasoneofAmerica smostpowerfulliteraryartists particularlyforhismasterpieceMoby Dick hewaslargelyunrecognizedinhislifetime AboutTheAuthor MobyDickTypeofwork symbolicworkFirstpublication 1851Setting Mostofthebooktakesplaceonvariousoceans suchastheAtlantic theIndian andthePacific intheearlytomid1800 s However agooddealofthefirstpartofthenoveltakesplaceinNewEnglandinsideandaroundNantucket MainCharactersIshmael 以实玛利 thenarrator alsoamemberofthecrewoftheWhalerPequod Ahab 亚哈伯 theegomaniacal 自大疯狂的 captainoftheWhalerPequod MobyDick thegreatwhitewhale Starbuck thefirstmate 大副 ofthePequod Queequeg 标枪手魁魁格 Starbuck sskilledharpoonerandIshmael sbestfriend Pequodwhaleship MobyDick Ishmael thenarrator havinglittlemoneyandfindinglifeonshoregrim decidestogotosea HesignsaboardthewhalingshipnamedPequod It scaptain Ahab isatall broadmanseeminglymadeofbronze Hehasawhiteleg madefromthejawofaspermwhale becausehisownlegistornawaybyMobyDick ahugewhitewhale PlotSummary AfterloosinghislegheisdeterminedtopursueMobyDickandkillit Hehangsadoubloononthemastasarewardforanyonewhosightsthewhitewhalefirst Eventuallythewhitewhaleappears andthePequodbeginsitsdoomedfightagainstit Onthefirstdaythewhalesmashesawhaleboat Thesecondday anotherboatisswamped thecaptain sivorylegissnappedoff Whenthethirddaycomes Ahabandhiscrewmanagetoharpoonthewhale butitcarriesthePequodalongwithittoitsdoom AllonboardgetdownedexpectIshmael whoisrescuedbyanotherwhalerandsurvivestotellthestory Plot IshmaelyearnsforawhalingadventureMeetsQueequegSignwiththewhaleshipPequodCaptainAhabappearsOnlypurposeofAhabiskillingMobyDickStarbuckargueswithAhabSeveralsinisteromensappearFindMobyDickTwofightsbetweenMobyDick thecrewFirstone MobyDickescapesSecondone AllthecrewdieexceptIshmael MeaningsofMobyDicktotheCharactersFirst astoCaptainAhab MobyDickisevil istheonehewantstotakerevengeon anditishisswornenemy AhabvowedtoavengeandkillMobyDickforrippinghisleg soheconsideredMobyDickashisaimofconquest HeheatMobyDick thinkofitnothingbuttheembodimentofevil itmakeshimfurious painful andmessedupallhislife InordertochaseandhuntdownMobyDick Ahababandonedhisfamily evensacrificedallsailors life ToAhab MobyDickistheevilhemustdefeatanddestroy Second astothefirstmateStarbuck MobyDickisthesymbolofthepowerofjuggernaut HeisclearthatMobyDickisnotanormalwhaleasthosetheyhadmet itcandestroytheshipandkillallpeopleontheship HetriedtopersuadeCaptainAhabtogiveupchasingMobyDick buthefailed Thoughhepredictedtheirtragicfate hecandonothingtostopit Therefore inStarbuck seyes MobyDickisahorribleguillotine Third astothesecondmateStubb MobyDickisagoodchanceforhimtomakeprofit Inthattime blubber spermacetiandwhaleboneplayaveryimportantroleinpeople sdailylife sowhalingwaslucrativeandbecametheeconomicpillarindustries SoastoStubb MobyDickishistooltomakemoney Lastly astoIshmael MobyDickisthesymbolofnature Inthe42chapter IshmaelthinksthatthewhitenessofMobyDickisthepresentfromnature InIshmael seyes MobyDickisbothgorgeousandevil Itcanbepeaceful kindandbeautiful however italsocanbebrutal cruelandcrazy Likehiswhiteness it snotonlythesymbolofpurityandinnocencebutalsothesymbolofdeathandevil MeaningsofMobyDicktoReadersAstoMelville MobyDickisthesymbolofnature oneofthemostcommoninterpretationsofthewhaleisinitscomparisonstonature Melvilledepictsthewhaleasbeinggracefulandpeacefulinitsnaturalhabitat muchlikenatureingeneral Heshowsthatwhenanoutsideforceinterruptsthetruecourseofnature itcanresultinviolenceandunexpectedactionsofeitherofthetwo Thewhaleisalsosimilartonatureinthatitisboundbynaturallaws butthatwithintheselawstheyarecapableofbeingpowerfulandimmortal atthesametimebeingtemperateandpeaceful Symbolism ThelandTheseaThePequodThevoyageAhabAhab sPipeStarbuckTheDoubloonQueequeg sCoffinMobyDick Land asymbolfsafetySea asymbolofadventureanddangerThePequod asymbolofthehumanworldThevoyage tendstoimplythevogageofmindsearchingfortruthandknowledgeoftheforcesworkingintheuniversethatcontrolmenandtheirdestiny Starbuck asymbolofgoodandnoble theDoubloon asymbolofthelureofevilandtheenticementstogreedAhab asymbolofsolipsism revengeandthenevilAhab sPipe ThepipethatCaptainAhabsmokesthroughoutthevoyagerepresentshappinessinAhab slife OncehetossesitovertheedgeoftheshipinhispursuittofindMobyDick allhishappinessislost Queequeg sCoffinQueequeg scoffinalternatelysymbolizeslifeanddeath Queequeghasitbuiltwhenheisseriouslyill butwhenherecovers itbecomesachesttoholdhisbelongingsandanemblemofhiswilltolive Heperpetuatestheknowledgetattooedonhisbodybycarvingitontothecoffin slid Thecoffinfurthercomestosymbolizelife inamorbidway whenitreplacesthePequod slifebuoy WhenthePequodsinks thecoffinbecomesIshmael sbuoy savingnotonlyhislifebutthelifeofthenarrativethathewillpasson MobyDick ametaphorforthehumangralationshipwiththeChristainGod Godisunknownandcannotbepinneddown MobyDickpossessesvarioussymbolicmeaningsforvariousindividuals 1 Symbolofnatureforhumanbeings becauseitismysterious powerful unknown 2 SymbolofevilfortheCaptainAhab 3 Symbolofgoodandpuritybecauseofitswhiteness MobyDick THEMES Searchfortruth Thestorydealswiththehumanpursuitoftruthandthemeaningofexistence ConflictbetweenGoodandEvil ConflictbetweenManandNature Isolationbetweenmanandman manandnature manandsociety Solipsism 唯我论 WritingStyle 1 Hisworksaresymbolicandmetaphorical voyage searchanddiscovery thesearchfortheultimatetruthofexperience thePequod theshipoftheAmericansoul MobyDick asymbolof evil goodness both itswhiteness paradoxicalcolor deathandcorruption purity innocence andyouth 2 Hemanagestoachievetheeffectofambiguitythroughemployingthetechniqueofmultipleviewofhisnarratives MobyDickisportrayedforthereaderfromdifferentangles Theauthorisunwillingnesstocommithimself andthereaderisthrownuponhimselfforjudgement 3 Hetendstowriteperiodicchapters 掉尾章的手法 thelastparagraphofchapteronepullingallthingintoonesentenceisagoodillustrationinpoint