高级英语If Picasso Were a Programmerppt课件

Unit8IfPicassoWereaProgrammer 新世纪高等院校英语专业本科生系列教材 修订版 高级英语1电子教案 1 DetailedReading Contents WarmUp GlobalReading ConsolidationActivities TextAppreciation FurtherEnhancement 2 Section1 WarmUp Workingroupsoffouranddiscussthefollowingquestions Lead in BackgroundInformation Howiscomputerartdifferentfromtraditionalart Whattoolsdotraditionalartistsuse Whatarethetypicalfeaturesoftraditionalart Whattoolsdocomputerartistsuse Whatarethetypicalfeaturesofcomputerart 3 Section1 WarmUp Lead in BackgroundInformation 4 Section1 WarmUp Lead in BackgroundInformation 5 Section1 WarmUp Lead in BackgroundInformation ArtusingcomputersandtheInternetisanaturalevolutionoftraditionalartforms Moreover thesenewcomputerartformsreflectrecenttrendsandareanintegralpartofmodernsociety technologyandculture Technologicalinnovationenablesartiststoenjoythebenefitsofinteractivity multimedia widespreaddistribution lowcost equalcreativeopportunity accessibilityandsimplicity Thus computerarthelpsovercometechnical financial politicalandenvironmentalissuesthathavetraditionallylimitedartisticcreation 6 Today manyinstitutionsandfunctionsarebeingshiftedtovirtualspace andthefieldofartisnoexception Computerartenablesindividualstoexpressthemselveswithoutcensorshipandtocircumventthetraditionalartestablishmentthatuntilnowhasdominatedthefield Theartworldisonthevergeofarevolutionthatwillcompletelyoverturnartisticconventionsand infact ourentireperceptionofart Computerartisaccessible multisensual andinteractive itvariesovertimeandisconsciousoftheartconsumer Thesesalientfeaturesofcomputerartcallforareassessmentofourentireconceptionofart Section1 WarmUp Lead in BackgroundInformation 7 Section1 WarmUp AbouttheAuthorSusanDelsoniseditor in chiefofMuseumsMagazines agroupofcityandregionalpublicationsforactivemuseum goers SheisaformerfilmandvideoprogrammerfortheMetropolitanMuseumofArt whereshealsoservedasaseniorstaffmemberoftheProgramforArtonFilm ajointventurebetweentheMetandtheJ PaulGettyTrust IfPicassoWereaProgrammer wasoriginallypublishedinForbes BestoftheWeb BackgroundInformation Lead in 8 Section1 WarmUp BackgroundInformation Lead in 9 Section2 GlobalReading Whatisthetextmainlyabout StructuralAnalysis MainIdea Thisarticleushersusintoanewfieldofart onlineartwork introducesusintothecolorfulandmagnificentworldofthisspecificartisticform andcausesustothinkaboutthequestionofwhatattitudeweshouldtaketowardsnewthings 10 Section2 GlobalReading Pleasedividethetextinto3partsandsummarizethemainideaofeachpart StructuralAnalysis MainIdea PartI Paragraphs1 3 Introduction Thefirstthreeparagraphsserveastheintroduction Aspecificpieceofonlineartworkismentioned whichbringsintooursightthegrowingtrendofonlineart 11 StructuralAnalysis MainIdea Section2 GlobalReading PartII Paragraph4 Transitionalparagraph Paragraph4isaveryimportanttransitionalparagraphwhichraisesthequestionopenlyanddirectlywhetherornotonlineartshouldbedeemedasart Inthisparagraph atentativedefinitionofartisprovidedandthetwoelementsofitproposed beingbeautifulandchangingthewaypeopleseetheworld whichareusedinthefollowingparagraphstofurtherthediscussiononthistopic 12 StructuralAnalysis MainIdea PartIII Paragraphs5 19 ProvidinganswerstothequestioninParagraph4 Paragraphs5 19answerthequestioninParagraph4andraiseseveralotherquestionsconcerningsuchissuesasthedifferentroleoftheviewer thewaypeopleappreciateandcollectthisnewformofartandtheadvantageofNetart allcontributingtoabetterunderstandingofthisnewformofartandadeeperthinkingontheattitudeweadoptindealingwithnewthings Section2 GlobalReading 13 Forgetpaintbrushesandchisels Today shottestnewarttoolsareXMLandJava 1TypeaWebsiteURL anyURL into FEED anonlineartworkbyMarkNapier www potatoland org Immediatelythescreen sninewindowsjumpintoaction Textzoomsbyatunreadablespeed Colorscareenthroughagridoftinysquares Ahorizontalgraphwhipsupthree colorspikeslikeademonicEKG Abruptly theactionceasesforamoment thescreenradiatesanalmostmeditativecalm Andthenitallstartsagain untiltheentireWebsitehasbeenprocessed Strippingaway Section3 DetailedReading IfPicassoWereaProgrammer 14 whatNapiercallsthe distractingveneerofcontent Feed turnsWebdataintoadizzyingdisplayofgraphicalactivity partmathematicalalgorithm partJacksonPollock 2 1 Thisisnotyourmother sover the couchart Napier s antibrowser isjustoneexampleofanewtypeofvisualexpression digital dynamicandmadespecificallyfortheInternet Someworks like Feed reshapelivedatafromtheWeb Othersusetelerobotics FlashanimationandWebbrowsersthewayLeonardodaVinciusedpaintandcharcoal Asvariedasthetechnologiesthatproduceit onlineartis Section3 DetailedReading 15 flourishing Thisyearithitthemuseumscene big time andnowgalleriesaretryingtofigureouthowtosellit 3ThisspringsawtherolloutofmajorNetartexhibitionsonbothcoasts fromtheSanFranciscoMuseumofModernArt s010101 ArtinTechnologicalTimestotheWhitneyMuseumofAmericanArt srecentDataDynamics NewYork sMuseumofModernArt London slateBritainandeventhestaidSmithsonianaregettingintotheact Meanwhile long runningdigitalculturesiteslikeRhizome organdTurbulence orgactasincubatorsforthishigh techart Section3 DetailedReading 16 4So online art soutthere But isitart Forthepeoplewhomakeit theanswerisindisputablyyes Mycriteriaforartisthatit sbeautifulandthatitchangesthewayyouseetheworld saysMartinWattenberg whoseworksarefeaturedonseveralmuseumsites Tomymind thisartisboth 5Butthoseofuswhodon tprogramsoftwaremightnotbesosure 2 Netartislessthanadecadeold andevenitsmostardentchampionswouldn tdescribeitasamaturemedium Photographytookmorethanhalfacenturytobetaken Section3 DetailedReading 17 seriouslyasafineartform Videospentyearsonthecounterculturalfringesbeforereachingthemuseumgallery Bycomparison onlineartisstillinitsformativestage ObservesWattenberg whohasworkedvisualizingfinancialdataforSmartMsince1996 3 IfNetartwereacompany rightnowwouldbeacoupleofmonthsbeforetheIPO 6Fortheartiststhat spartoftheappeal 4 Butitalsomeansthattheideabehindaworkcansometimesbemorecompellingthanwhatactuallyappearsonthescreen And Section3 DetailedReading QUESTION 18 forviewerswithoutathoroughgroundingintechnology oradvancedmath themostinnovativevisualprogramscanseemlikelittlemorethanhigh endscreensavers 7ButWebartismuchmorethanthat Itsmoststrikingdifferencefromtraditionalartisthemoreactiveroleoftheviewer orshouldwesay user whoseinputisoftenessentialtocompletingthework Take Apartment aworkbyWattenbergandMarekWalczak Asuserstypetheirthoughtsintothecomputer theprogramtranslatestheirwordsintoblueprintsforindividualapartments themoretalkaboutdreamsandsex forinstance thebiggerthe Section3 DetailedReading 19 bedroom 5 Thebasicset upcouldn tbesimpler nouser noart 8 6 Youmightgetusedtointeractingwithyouraxe Butwillyouwanttocollectthisstuff ArtdealerscallNetartatoughsell Peopleloveobjects explainsgalleryownerSandraGering whofirstworkedwithonlineartbackinthemid 1990s ThisartisonlyaccessibletothosewithacomputerandaWebconnection 9 7 Forthetimebeingatleast worksthatembedNetartinphysicalinstallationsfareconsiderablybetterinthe Section3 DetailedReading QUESTION 20 marketplace WhilecomputercodeisthecoreofJohnFSimon sart Geringsellshisworkassculpturalobjects software computerandscreeninacompletepackage Andinaconceptborrowedfromprintmaking andvideoart sheissuestheminlimitededitionsofadozenorless allofwhichhavesoldout atpricesrangingfrom 20 000to 50 000 Ifthesoftwarecrashes thecollectorsimplyshipsthepiecebacktothegalleryforaquickfixbySimon 10Onecollector NewJerseyphysicianJohnBurger who sboughtallfiveeditionstodate nevereverownedapersonal Section3 DetailedReading 21 computer Forhim Simon sworksareabstractart sointelligent socreative sounlikeanythingI deverseen 8 andthedigitalaspectisalmostbesidethepoint 11 9 OtherdealersbearoutGering sassessment youneedanobject atangiblething tosell JuliaFriedman srecentlyopenedChicagogalleryhandlessculpturalpieceswithWebelements likeEduardoKac s Genesis aworkthatincorporateslive eerilybeautifulWebcamimagesofmutatingbacteria Section3 DetailedReading QUESTION 22 12Butothersalesmodelsareemerging Simonsellsanunlimitededitionof EveryIcon aworkfeaturedinlastyear sWhitneyBiennial ontheWebfor 20 inado it yourselfdownload Sofar he smovedabout90ofthem andsaleshavepickedupsinceoperationsmovedtoanAZShop 13Netomat anonlineapplicationofferingan alternativebrowsingexperience hasbeenavailableforfreedownloadatNsinceJune1999 Sofartherehavebeen750 000downloads Nowitsdeveloper MaciejWisniewski hasquit Section3 DetailedReading 23 hispostasanXMLdeveloperatIBM comtoconverthisartprojectintoaninteractivee mailclient 14MicheleThursz directorofNewYork sMovingImageGallery isworkingwithartiststosellsharesinlimited accesscollectingcommunities Thecollectorswillshareintheongoingcreativeworkofartist designedWebsites andinthesaleofanydigitalprintsorotherobjectsthatresult Etoy aNetartgrouprepresentedbyNewYork sPostmastersGalleryhasalreadyissued640 000sharesinitsdigitalcollective 15 ofwhichareownedbycollectors Buyersevengetsigned Section3 DetailedReading 24 collectiblestockcertificatesemblazonedwiththeartwork EvenifEtoyartneverappreciates thecertificatesonyourlivingroomwallmaystillbrightenyourday 15 10 Surprisingly corporationsandgovernmentagenciesarebuyingintothisuntestedartform JohnKlima sNet basedwork ecosystem wascommissionedbyZurichCapitalMarketsfortheemployees loungeofitsNewYorkoffice 11 Convertingindividualworldcurrenciesintocompetingflocksofbirds ecosystem trackscurrencyfluctuations whichdirectlyaffectthewell beingofeach Section3 DetailedReading 25 flock andglobalweather bothinrealtime Cost 14 000andcounting Andthatdoesn tincludetheextra 14 000thatZurichspentfora50 inchgasplasmamonitortodisplayitallon 16AnotherKlimawork Earth hasbeenleasedfor 1 000ayearbytheNationalLibraryofMedicineforitsBethesda Md building YoulicenseitlikeWindows98 theartistnotes Attheendof18months they llstillownthesoftware buttherearenomoreupdatesortechsupport 17ArtistWattenbergisalsolookingtodesigncustom Section3 DetailedReading 26 interfaceartforcorporateWebsites Icanseeacorporationcommissioningmetodesignabeautifulfrontend hesays likethebig impressivesculptureinthefrontlobby WithRhizome orgastheproducer WattenbergiscurrentlydevelopinganinterfaceforNASA sartcollectionontheWeb expectedtolaunchbyearly2002 18It snotsurprisingthatWeb basedartdealers likeE aregettingintothismarket TheU K basedcompany whichbegansellingdigitalphotographyonlineinDecember1999 nowhasadozendigitalartprojects Section3 DetailedReading QUESTION 27 inthepipeline halfofwhichshouldlaunchthisfall Likeotherdealers Eyestormislookingatawiderangeofsalesstrategies fromcorporatecommissionstolimited editionCD ROMsandDVDstomicropaymentsonapay per viewbasis 19 12 Lestyouthinkthemediumispausingtocatchitsbreath restassured theenvelopeisstillbeingpushed Currentlyintheworks atleastoneshowofartcreatedforpagers cellphonesandPDAs Whichbegsthequestion howdoyoupreventillegalcopyingwhenartisbeingbeamedfromcellphonetocellphone Section3 DetailedReading QUESTION ACTIVITY 28 Section3 DetailedReading Howdoartistsperceiveartandespeciallyonlineart Paragraphs4and5 Themeasurementofartisthatitisbeautifulandchangesthewaywelookattheworld Netartthatflourishesnowfulfillsthistask soitisart 29 Section3 DetailedReading WhatistheroleassignedtoviewersofNetart Paragraph7 Viewershaveamoreactiveroletoplay Indeedtheyareusersbecausetheirinputisessentialtocompletingthework Inotherwords therewouldbenoNetartwithoutusers However thereisatougherrequirementforviewersofNetart Theymustbetechnology savvyandhaveaWebconnection 30 Section3 DetailedReading WhydidSandraGeringsaythat youneedanobject atangiblething tosell Paragraphs8 11 AsNetartisonlyaccessibletothosewhohaveacomputerandInternetconnection itisatoughsellinthemarket Onthecontrary worksthatembedNetartinphysicalinstallationsfareconsiderablybetterinthemarketplace Thereasonispossiblythatpeopleloveobjects 31 Section3 DetailedReading WhyisitsurprisingthatgovernmentagenciesandcorporationsbuyintoNetartwhileitisnotsurprisingthatWeb basedartdealersgetintothismarket Paragraphs15 18 ItissurprisingthatgovernmentagenciesandcorporationsbuyNetartbecauseNetartisnotmatureenough oruntested Itisstillinitsformativestage ItisnormallybelievedthatNetartcollectorsmustbeavant gardeindividuals ratherthangovernmentagenciesorcorporationsthatareusuallyregardedasconventional Itisnotsurprising however thatWeb basedartdealersgetintothemarket sincethereisabrightprospectandagreatopportunity 32 Section3 DetailedReading WhatcanbesaidofthefutureofNetart Paragraph19 ThedevelopmentofNetartisinfullswing anditsapplicationisextendingrapidlytoothermedia suchasmobilephonesandPDAs ButthereisaproblemwithNetart piracy orillegalcopying 33 ClassDiscussionsWhatmakessomepeopledoubtthatonlineartisart WhatisthemoststrikingdifferencebetweenNetartandtraditionalart Section3 DetailedReading 34 First itdoesnottakethetraditionalandwidelyacceptedformsofart Someoftheonlineartworksare inessence computerprogramsandtherefore donothavestableforms Theseworks unabletobeappreciateduntiltheprogramsbeingrun areactuallysomeever changingprocesses Second theproducersoftheseworksaresomuchdifferentfromthetraditionalartists Toproducesuchapieceofwork oneshouldacquireathoroughknowledgeofcomputerscience Thishasgreatlyblurredtheformerlydistinctivedividinglinebetweenartandscienceandmakesthenewformofarthardtodefine Section3 DetailedReading 35 Third thisformofartissucharecentdevelopmentthatpeoplehavehardlyhadsufficienttimetoformasoundjudgmentofitsvalue Netartisonlylessthanadecadeold whichmakesevenitsmostardentchampionsunabletoacknowledgeitasamaturemedium Section3 DetailedReading 36 Section3 DetailedReading ThemoststrikingdifferencebetweenNetartandtraditionalartliesintheroleoftheviewer Insomeoftheworks peopleareinvitedtoparticipateinthecreationofthework whoseeffortsmakethefinalresulthighlyindividual Tosomeextent theroleofapassiveappreciatorintraditionalarthasbeenreplacedbythemoreactiveroleofauserinNetartwhoseinputisoftenessentialtocompletingthework Thegapofstatusbetweenthesuperiorartistandtheinferioraudiencehasbeensomewhatbridged Whatisreflectedinthischangeisthespiritofdemocracy whichistheoverwhelmingcharacterofourmoderntimesandacelebrationofindividualitysopopularamongmodernpeople 37 XMLisametalanguagewritteninSGMLthatallowsonetodesignamarkuplanguage usedtoallowfortheeasyinterchangeofdocumentsontheWorldWideWeb Javaisanobject orientedprogramminglanguagethatisplatformindependent thesameJavaprogramrunsonallhardwareplatformswithoutmodification DevelopedbySun JavaiswidelyusedontheWebforbothclientandserverprocessing Section3 DetailedReading 38 UniformResourceLocator theaddressthatdefinestheroutetoafileonanInternetserver Webserver FTPserver mailserver etc URLsaretypedintoaWebbrowsertoaccessWebpagesandfiles andURLsareembeddedwithinthepagesthemselvesashypertextlinks TheURLcontainstheprotocolprefix portnumber domainname subdirectorynamesandfilename Ifaportnumberisnotstatedintheaddress port80isusedasthedefaultforHTTPtraffic Section3 DetailedReading 39 Section3 DetailedReading zoom v tomoveveryquickly ifpricesorsaleszoom theyincreasesuddenlyandquickly e g Theygotintothecarandzoomedoff Inthelastfewmetresoftherace shesuddenlyzoomedahead Housepricessuddenlyzoomedlastyear 40 EKGorECGistheabbreviationofelectrocardiographorelectrocardiogram agraphicalrecordingofthecardiaccycleproducedbyanelectrocardiograph Section3 DetailedReading 41 Section3 DetailedReading radiate v tospreadoutinalldirectionsfromacentralpoint e g Flowsoflavaradiatedoutfromthevolcano scrater Justbeforethebreedingseason thesebirdsradiateoutwardstowarmerclimates 42 Section3 DetailedReading Practice TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese 1 IwastoldbyservantswhosawthemtogetherthataroundEare Eleanorwouldradiatehappinessandcarryherselflikeabeautifulwoman 见过他们在一起的仆人们告诉我 埃莉诺只要有厄尔在身边 就显得特别高兴 举动就像是一个美人 2 Fiveroadsradiatefromthisroundabout 有五条道路以这个环状交叉路为中心向各方伸展开 43 Section3 DetailedReading veneer n sth thathidessth unpleasantorunwanted e g Shemanagedtohidehercorruptdealingsunderaveneerofrespectability Practice TranslatethefollowingsentenceintoChinese Theislandsconsistofoysterreefscoveredwithathinveneerofblackmud 由牡蛎礁构成的小岛上覆盖着一层薄薄的黑色软泥 44 Section3 DetailedReading algorithm n asetofmathematicalinstructionsthatmustbefollowedinafixedorder andthat especiallyifgiventoacomputer willhelptocalculateananswertoamathematicalproblem 算法 计算程序 45 Section3 DetailedReading JacksonPollock a20th centuryAmericanpainter famousforcreatingabstractpaintingsbydrippingorpouringpaintonacanvasincomplexswirlsandspatters 46 Section3 DetailedReading LeonardodaVinciwasanItalianRenaissancepolymath painter sculptor architect musician scientist mathematician zoologist engineer inventor anatomist geologist cartographer botanist andwriterwhosegenius perhapsmorethanthatofanyotherfigure epitomizedtheRenaissancehumanistideal Leonardowasandisrenownedprimarilyasapainter Amonghisworks theMonaLisaisisthemostfamousandmostparodiedportraitandTheLastSupperthemostreproducedreligiouspaintingofalltime 47 Section3 DetailedReading 48 Section3 DetailedReading 49 Section3 DetailedReading 50 Section3 DetailedReading figureout Ifyoufigureoutasolutiontoaproblemorthereasonforsomething yousucceedinsolvingitorunderstandingit e g Ittookthemaboutonemonthtofigureouthowtostarttheequipment They retryingtofigureoutthepoliticsofthiswholesituation Idon thavetobeadetectivetofigurethatout 51 Section3 DetailedReading Practice TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese 1 Onlybyfindingouttheirownweaknessandsolvingtherealproblemscanenterprisesfigureoutapracticalandeffectivecostcontrolsystem 企业只有找出自身的弱点 对症下药 才能真正制定出一套贴切有效的成本控制体系 2 Consequently researchersaredeterminedtofigureouthowtomakecomplexmicroprocessorsoutofothermaterials 因此 科学家决心研究出如何用其他材料制造复杂的微处理器 52 Section3 DetailedReading see v tobethetimeorplacewhensth happens e g Thissummerhasseentheendofwaterrestrictionsintheareathankstoanewreservoir YesterdaysawtheresignationoftheactingInteriorMinister 53 Section3 DetailedReading rollout n theinaugurationorinitialpublicexhibitionofanewproduct service orpolicy e g ThefilmisscheduledforrolloutinFebruary2002andwillfeaturecomputeranimationandstunningphoto realenvironments 54 Section3 DetailedReading 010101 ArtinTechnologicalTimeswasashowfilledwithanimated paintings virtualrealityart cybersculpturesandothertechnologicalcreations andashowabouttechnologyanditstremendousimpactonourdailylives ItwassponsoredbyIntel Thenumber 010101 referstodigitalcodeaswellasthedate Jan 1 2001 whentheInternetartcomponentoftheshowopenedonthemuseum sWebsite 55 Section3 DetailedReading TheWhitneyMuseumofAmericanArt whichwasfoundedin1930byGertrudeVanderbiltWhitneyinNewYorkCity wasanoutgrowthoftheWhitneyStudio 1914 1918 theWhitneyStudioClub 1918 1928 andtheWhitneyStudioGalleries 1928 1930 Openedtothepublicin1931 themuseumactivelysupportsAmericanartthroughthepurchaseandexhibitionoftheworksoflivingartists Itsextensivepermanentcollectioncontainssculpture paintings drawings andprints whichareexhibitedregularly Biennialshowsofworksinvariousmediaprovidecomprehensivereviewsofeachyear sAmericanart ThespaciousMadisonAvenuebuildingdesignedbyMarcelBreuertohousethecollectionwasopenedin1966 56 Section3 DetailedReading 57 DataDynamicsisanexhibitionofInternetartthatfocusesonaprominentissueinthisnewmedium thesearchforvisualmodelsthatrepresentacontinuouslychangingflowofdataandinformation Thesemodelsoffernavigationalpossibilitiesforexperiencingvisualandtextualinformation TheInternetartprojectsincludedinitareexhibitedbothasinstallationsintheMuseumandintheWhitney sonlinegallery Eachoftheworksfocusesondifferentdynamicsofdata whetherinthecontextofmappinglanguage stories memories ortrafficinphysicalandvirtualspaces DataDynamicsincludesfiveNetartprojectsbyMarekWalczakandMartinWattenberg MarkNapier MaciejWisniewski BethStrykerandSawadBrooks andAdrianneWortzel ItissponsoredbyFranceTelecomNorthAmerica Section3 DetailedReading 58 Section3 DetailedReading BritainreferstotheBritishMuseum Foundedin1753 theBritishMuseumisoneoftheworld spremierculturalhistorymuseums housingmorethan7millionobjectsinitscollectionofartifacts Morethan4 5m