中考英语一轮复习 H开头词汇讲义.doc

中考一轮复习 H 开头词汇（讲义）以字母 H 开头的单词habit /hbt/n. 习性；习惯develop / form the habit of doing sth.be in / fall into / get into the habit of doing sth.He is not in the habit of drinking a lot.Ive got into the habit of turning on the TV as soon as I get home.hair /h/n. 头发hair band 发带 hair clip 发卡haircut /hkt/n. 理发；发型Thats a nice haircut.You should have a haircut.half /h:f/adj. 一半的；不完全的；半途的n. (pl. halves) 一半；半个I divided the apples into halves. 我把苹果分成两瓣。half past one, half past two 一点半、两点半one and a half hoursone hour and a half 一个半小时two and a half hourstwo hours and a half 两个半小时hall /h:l/n. 门厅；会堂；礼堂；走廊，过道in the hall 在大厅hallway /hlwe/n. 走廊；过道Halloween /,hlui:n/n. 万圣节前夕（10 月 31 日）ham /hm/n. 火腿a slice of hama ham sandwich hamburger /hmb:/n. 汉堡包 hand /hnd/n. 手；指针give sb. a hand帮助；协助at hand 手边；接近Help was at hand. 援助近在咫尺。on one hand, on the other hand a second-hand car 二手车second/minute/hour hand 秒针/分针/时针Many hands make light work. 人多好办事/众人拾柴火焰高。v. 交给hand in 交上来The teacher asked the students to hand in their papers. hand out 分发；发放 = give outThey are handing out emergency things.handbag /hndb/n. 手包handsome /hnsm/adj. 英俊的 handwriting /hnd,raiti/n. 书法 hang /h/v. (hung, hung) 使悬挂；使吊起(hanged, hanged)上吊；绞死；处以绞刑hang on 别挂电话，等一下 = hold on hang out/around 闲逛；闲荡happen /hpn/v. (偶然)发生 If anything happens to him, let me know.She happened to be out when he called.（碰巧做某事）词义辨析：happen / take placehappen 指偶然的或未经筹划的发生。take place 表示必然性的“发生”或者是计划安排好的“举行”。The accident happened at about 9:30.Great changes have taken place in my home town recently.happening / hp()n /n. 事件；发生的事情（常指不寻常的）strange happenings in my town 发生在我镇上的奇事happy /hpi/adj. 快乐的；幸福的；高兴的happilyhappinessunhappyhard /h:d/adj. 硬的；困难的；艰难的be hard on sb. 对某人严厉 ；对某人苛刻 = be strict with sb. in sth. hard-workingadj. 努力工作的adv. 努力地；使劲；猛烈地hardly /h:dli/adv. 几乎不hardly ever 几乎从不hard / hardlyadv.hard 努力地、严重地、猛烈地hardly 几乎不、简直不(否定副词)We should work hard to pass the exam.They could hardly believe the news, could they?harmful /h:mful/adj. 有害的反义词：harmlessbe harmful todo harm to 对有害hat /ht/n. 帽子(一般指有边的)；礼帽hate /heit/n. 憎恨；憎恶v. 恨；讨厌hate to do sth. 讨厌（某一次具体的情况）I hate to go out tonight.hate doing sth. 讨厌（表示习惯性动作）I hate walking in the rain.have /hv/v. ( had, had)有；吃；喝；进行；从事have a bath 洗个澡have classes 上课have a try 试一下have a word with 与谈几句话have words with 和吵架have sth. done 表示动作由别人来做I have my hair cut. 我让人把我头发剪了。have / make sb. do 使某人做某事They have me wash my clothes. 他们让我洗我的衣服。have a swim / walk / ridehave a look, have a rest, have a talk have breakfast / lunch / dinnerHave a good day! / Have a good time!have a coldhave a feverhave a stomachache have a pointhave no ideahave something / nothing to do withhavein monauxiliary verb.had better (do) 最好（做）You had better get up early. Youd better not smoke here.have a good/great/hard time in doing sth.时态：have / has done（完成时） 语态：have / has been donehave to / have got to 不得不，必须（客观必须） （must 主观必须）否定形式 dont have toDo you have to look after your sister? Yes, I do. / No, I dont.there be “某处存有”There is a map on the wall.have “所有，拥有”I have a brother and a sister.Hawaii /hwaii:/n. （美国州名）夏威夷he /hi:/pron. 他head /hed/n. 头；头脑My head aches.headache /hedek/n. 头疼have a headache 头疼headmaster /hedm:st/n. (中小学的)校长headphone /hedfun/n. 耳机 a pair of headphones 一副耳机head teachern. 班主任health /hel/n. 健康；卫生be in good health= be healthy 身体健康He is healthy. / He is in good health. 他很健康。healthy /heli/adj. (-ier,-iest; more healthy, most healthy) 健康的a healthy child 健康的孩子unhealthyhear /hi/v. (heard, heard) 听见；听说；得知She heard a noise outside. hear about/ of 听说Ive ever heard of someone doing that. hear from 接到来信I often hear from my old friends.近义词辨析：listen / hear / soundlisten 强调动作，意思 是“听”，不侧重于结果。They are listening to the radio.hear 强调结果，意思是“听见”。I listened carefully but heard nothing.sound 是连系动词(+adj.)，意思是“听起来”。The news sounds great.heart /h:t/n. 心；心脏The heart is beating.heat /hi:t/n. 热，高温，热度v. 把加热heaven /hevn/n. 天；天空hell 地狱 (go to hell 见鬼去吧！完蛋！滚开！)heavy /hevi/adj.（-ier, -iest）重的；很多的，大量的；严重的 There will be a heavy rain. 将会有场大雨。heavilyadv. 很多地，大量地；很大程度上，非常Its raining heavily.high /hai/adj. 高的；高度的high school 中学high 高的（山，物品等）tall 高的（人，动物等）two meters high / tallheight /hait/n. 高度；身高be of medium height 中等个子Hes two meters in height.Whats the height of the mountain?height 高度weight 重量length 长度hello /helu/ (hi)interj. 喂；你好(表示打招呼，问候或唤起注意)help /help/n. 帮助，帮忙I read English magazines with the help of a dictionary.v. 帮助，帮忙；（使）好转，（使）缓解；助长；构成的因素help sb. with sth./ (to) do sth.帮助某人做某事My sister helps me with my English/(to) study English. help sb. out 帮助某人解决困难help sb. out of a fire help sb. out of troublecant help doing sth.They cant help laughing. help oneself to 请随便吃点Help yourself to some fish.helpful /helpful/adj. 有用的；有益的a helpful person 有用的人helpless 无助的，无用的be helpful to sb.Its helpful for sb. to do sth.hen /hen/n. 母鸡her /h:/pron. 她(宾格)；她的hershere /hi/adv. 这里；在这里；向这里here and there 在各地；各处everywherehero /hiru/n. (pl. heroes) 英雄；勇士；男主角heroicherself /h:self/pron. 她自已hide /haid/v. (hid, hidden)把藏起来；隐藏 The sun was hidden by the clouds.hill /hil/n. 小山；丘陵；土堆；斜坡him /him/pron. 他(宾格)himself /himself/pron. 他自已his /hiz/pron. 他的history /histri/n. 历史学；历史historian /hstrn/n. 历史学家；史学工作者historical /histrikl/adj. 历史上的; 历史题材的historichistorical researchan historic town nestling in a bend of the river一个坐落在河曲处的历史名镇hit /hit/v. (hit, hit) 打；撞；击中She hit him on his head with a book. I was hit by a falling stone.与 beat 的区别n. 成功而轰动一时的事物（如歌曲等）hit song 流行歌曲hit records 畅销的唱碟His new film The Mermaid is quite a hit.hoax /huks/n. 骗局；恶作剧；戏弄；玩笑The bomb threat turned out to be a hoax.Hed made a hoax call claiming to be the president.hobby /hbi/n. 业余爱好；嗜好hold /huld/v. (held, held)拿；抱；握住；举行；进行 hold on 等一下；坚持Hold on a minute while I get my breath back. They tried to hold on until help arrived.Hold on to your dream.hole /hul/n. 洞；穴holiday /hldi/n. 假日；节日on holiday 在休假have a holidayhome /hum/n. 家；住宅adv.回家；在家get / arrive / reach home Make yourself at home!homeless /humlis/adj. 无家的；无家可归的He gave all his money to the homeless.homeland /humlnd/n. 祖国； 故乡home-made /hummeid/adj. 自制的； 家里做的Home-made jam is usually better than the kinds you buy in the shops.homesick /humsik/adj. 想家的；思念家乡的; He was homesick for France.hometown /hmtan/n. 家乡；故乡homework /humw:k/n. 家庭作业；准备工作 You could tell that shed really done her homework. 看得出，她的确做了很充分的准备。honest /nist/adj. 正直的；诚实的an honest businessman to be honest 说实话To be honest, I dont think we have a chance of winning.反义词 dishonesthoney /hni/n. 蜂蜜honour /n/ ( 美 honor)n. 荣誉；光荣It is a great honour to be invited. 承蒙邀请，十分荣幸。v. 尊敬；给予荣誉I feel deeply honoured to be invited.hoop /hu:p/n. (木头，金属等做的) 箍，圈，环hope /hup/n. & v. 希望；期望近义词辨析：hope 和 wishhope to do / wish (sb.) to doShe hopes to have a job overseas. She wishes her mother to e here.hope (that) 指与过去，现在或未来有关的希望I hope you are ready. 我希望你已经准备好了。We hope you are happy. 我们希望你幸福。wish (that) 表达的是过去、现在或将来发生的令人遗憾的事所生出的希望。（虚拟语气）I wish I could speak Chinese.horse /h:s/n. 马hospital /hspitl/n. 医院（英）go to hospital 去医院（美）go to the hospital in hospital 有病住院in the hospitalin the hospital 在医院host /hust/n. 主人；主持人；主办人员v. 主办；主持Which country is hosting the Games this year?hot /ht/adj. (-tter, -ttest) 热的hotdog /ht,dg/n. 热狗hotel /hutel/n. 旅馆；旅店；宾馆staying at/ in a hotelhour /au/n. 小时；时间an hourhalf an hourone and a half hours/one hour and a half 一个半小时two and a half hours/two hours and a half 两个半小时house /haus/n. 住房；住宅housework /hausw:k/n. 家务活do housework=do chores 做家务how /hau/adv. 怎样；如何；多少；多么how many/much/old/far/often/soon/long/many times how about / what about (doing) sth. 怎么样how 与 what 引导的感叹句的用法How clever the girl is! =What a clever girl she is!however /hauev/conj. 不管怎样You can do it however you like.你可以按照自己的意思去做。adv. 然而，不过，但是however & but 的用法区别She fell ill. However, she still went to work. She fell ill. But she still went to work.huge /hju:d/adj. 庞大的；巨大的Canada is a huge country. 加拿大是个幅员辽阔的国家。human /hju:mn/n.人，人类 Cadj. 人的；人类的human beinghumid /hju:mid/adj. 潮湿的； 湿润的同义词：wethumorous /hju:mrs/adj. 富于幽默的humourn. 幽默hundred /hndrd/num. 一百hundreds of 成百的；许多three hundred 三百hungry /hri/adj. 饥锇的；挨锇的Im hungry. Lets eat soon. hunger n. 饿；饥饿died of（内因）/ from（外因） He died of/from hunger.hurry /hri/v. 匆忙；赶快hurry to do sth. 急忙去做某事hurry up 赶快；急忙(做某事)I wish the train would hurry up and e.n. 匆忙，急忙in a hurry 迅速地；匆忙地She dressed in a hurry.He was in a hurry to leave.hurt /h:t/v. (hurt, hurt) 感到疼痛；弄伤，弄痛；伤害adj. 受伤的；痛苦的n. 伤害；痛苦He hurt his back when he fell. It hurts when I move my leg. Are you badly hurt?husband /hzbnd/n. 丈夫hunt /hnt/v. 打猎They are hunting.halfway /hfwe/adj./adv. 在中途；部分地做(或达到)So youre halfway to solving a problem just by talking to someone about it!housewarming /has,wm/n. 乔迁聚会haunted /hntd/adj. 有鬼魂出没的；闹鬼的haunted househeel /hil/n. 鞋跟；足跟Achilles Heelhug /hg/n.&v. 拥抱；搂抱与字母 H 相关的谚语He eats like a horse.You can take a horse to the water, but you cant make it drink! Hardships never e alone.Health is above wealth.Hedges have eyes, and walls have ears. He laughs best who laughs last.Knowledge is power. Honesty is the best policy.精讲精练一、单项选择()1. He was born in Italy, but he has made China his .A. familyB. addressC. houseD. home()2. The teachers hope all of us can handour homeworktime every time.A. up; inB. out; onC. on; inD. in; on ()3. can you finish this English examination?In about one and a half hours.A. How farB. How oftenC. How soonD. How long()4. Yesterday Tommy walked past my table andmy bowls and dishes.He should be careful next time.A. knocked offB. took offC. showed offD. turned off ()5. He always appears to .Thats because hes really knowledgeable and experienced.A. make an effortB. have a pointC. pull togetherD. take place二、根据提示填空1. “Jackie is of medium h ” means Jackie is neither tall nor short.2. He works very(hard). He(hard) has a rest on Sunday.3. It snowed(heavy) last night and now the streets are covered with snow.4. 一收到妈妈的来信，她就立刻启程回家。She will set off for home at once as soon as sheher mother (hear).5. 它因成功帮助无家可归的人重返正常生活而闻名。It is famousits success in helpingpeople return to a normal life.【参考答案】与字母 H 相关的谚语1. 食大如牛。2. 强扭的瓜不甜。3. 祸不单行。4. 健康重于财富。5. 篱笆有眼，隔墙有耳。6. 笑在最后，笑得最好。7. 知识就是力量。8. 诚实至上。精讲精练一、单项选择15：DDCAB二、根据提示完成句子1. height 2. hard, hardly 3. heavily 4. hears from 5. for, homeless