人教高中英语必修1-Unit 4课时练习及解析

人教版高中英语 必修一 Unit 4 课时练习.单项填空1Unfortunately，at least 20 miners were killed,22 _ and 13 _ in the coal mine gas explosion.Ainjuring；trappingBinjured；trappedCinjured；trapping Dinjuring；trapped解析：句意：不幸的是，由于这个煤矿的瓦斯爆炸，至少20名矿工丧生，22名矿工受伤，13名矿工被困井下。由于22和injure之间为被动关系，13和trap之间也是被动关系，故都用过去分词。答案：B2Joining the firm as a clerk，he got rapid promotion，and _ as a manager.Aended up Bdropped outCcame back Dstarted off解析：句意：作为职员加入到公司后，他迅速升职，最后当上了经理。end up“最终”；drop out“辍学，退出”；come back“回来”；start off“开始”。故A项正确。答案：A3The performance _ nearly three hours，but few people left the theatre early.Acovered BreachedCplayed Dlasted解析：考查动词词义辨析。cover“覆盖，包含，涉及，采访”；reach“到达，影响”；play“玩，打，担任(角色)”；last“持续，延续，经受住”。答案：D4You must have had a good time at the party last night，didnt you?_.Actually，it was a bit boring.AOh，great BI suppose soCNot really DThats OK解析：句意：昨天晚上的聚会你一定玩得很开心，是吧？也不是非常开心，实际上，昨天的晚会有点乏味。Not really“不全是，不一定，不见得”，从后面的boring可知C项正确。答案：C5Having introduced the new equipment，the company turned out _ in 2009 as the year before.Aas three times carsBthree times as many carsCas many cars as three timesDthree times more cars than解析：倍数的表达有如下几种形式：A is倍数(形容词或副词)比较级thanBA is倍数as(形容词或副词)原级asBA is倍数the名词(size，length，height等)ofBA is倍数thatofBA is倍数what引导的名词性从句。此题考查的是第二种形式的变形，作宾语的名词要放在as.as中间，故选B项。答案：B6It is not rare in _ that people in _ fifties are going to university for further education.A90s；the Bthe 90s；/C90s；their Dthe 90s；their解析：表示“在几十年代”用“inthe逢十的数词复数”；表示“在某人几十岁”时，用“inones整十位数的复数形式”。in the 90s意为“在90年代”；in ones fifties意为“在某人五十多岁时”。答案：D7_ seems as if there will be an examination this week.AWhat BThatCThis DIt解析：句意：好像这周有次考试。It seems as if.“好像是，似乎是”。答案：D8We must _ to all kinds of lies.Lets calm down and settle the problem.Acome to an end Bkeep ones end upCput an end Dbring it to an end解析：依据题意，空格处应表示“结束，使终止”，to后为终止的对象。答案：C9I am very _ with my living room.It really has a _ atmosphere here.Apleased；pleased Bpleased；pleasantCpleasant；pleased Dpleasant；pleasant解析：考查形容词辨析。pleased“感到高兴的，感到满意的”，常用于形容人，多作表语，用在be pleased with结构中；pleasant“令人愉快的”，常用于修饰物，多作定语。答案：B10The number of endangered plants and animals _ increasing，because a large number of their natural habitats _ being destroyed.Aare；are Bare；isCis；are Dis；is解析：句意：濒临灭绝的动植物的数量在增加，因为它们大量的天然栖息地正遭到破坏。“the number of名词”作主语，谓语动词用单数；“a number of名词”作主语，谓语动词用复数。答案：C11Italys captain Fabio Cannavaro was officially named European Footballer of the Year，though _ of the fans seemed to agree.Aeach Bno oneCevery Dnot all解析：考查不定代词及部分否定的用法。no one表示完全否定，not all表示部分否定，根据题意应选D项。答案：D12(2012年安徽联考)There are dozens of Chinese restaurants in Chicago，but only a few _ from the others.Astand out Btry outCwork out Dbreak out解析：句意：在芝加哥有许多中国餐馆，但只有几家比其他的突出。stand out“突出，显眼”；try out“试验”；work out“算出”；break out“爆发”。答案：A13I _ myself in my studies.In return，I gained great success.Aplaced BhadClaid Dburied解析：bury oneself in sth.相当于be devoted to sth.意思是“全心致力于”。答案：D14Have you heard of the nuclear test of the Democratic Peoples Republic of Korea?Yes，_ news came as _ shock to me.Athe；a Bthe；theCa；a Da；the解析：从第一句可知这个消息是特指，故第一个空用the；a shock“一件令人震惊的事”。答案：A15Fortunately somebody who happened to be passing by called the fire department _ the fire broke out.Ahurriedly BquicklyCinstantly Dshortly解析：四个选项中，只有instantly可用作连词，意为“一就”。答案：C.阅读理解(2012年山东卷)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项。AThe Pacific island nation of Nauru used to be a beautiful place.Now it is an ecological disaster area.Naurus heartbreaking story could have one good consequenceother countries might learn from its mistakes.For thousands of years，Polynesian people lived on the remote island of Nauru，far from western civilization.The first European to arrive was John Fearn in 1798.He was the British captain of the Hunter，a whaling ship.He called the island Pleasant Island.However，because it was very remote，Nauru had little communication with Europeans at first.Then whaling ships and other traders began to visit，bringing guns and alcohol.These elements destroyed the social balance of the twelve family groups on the island.A tenyear civil war started，which reduced the population from 1,400 to 900.Naurus real troubles began in 1899 when a British mining company discovered phosphate(磷酸盐) on the island.In fact，it found that the island of Nauru was nearly all phosphate，which is a very important fertilizer for farming.The company began mining the phosphate.A phosphate mine is not a hole in the ground；it is a strip mine.When a company stripmines，it removes the top layer of soil.Then it takes away the material it wants.Stripmining totally destroys the land.Gradually，the lovely island of Nauru started to look like the moon.In 1968，Nauru became one of the richest countries in the world.Every year the government received millions and millions of dollars for its phosphate.Unfortunately，the leaders invested the money unwisely and lost millions of dollars.In addition，they used millions more dollars for personal expenses.Soon people realized that they had a terrible problemtheir phosphate was running out.Ninety percent of their island was destroyed and they had nothing.By 2000，Nauru was almost financially ruined.Experts say that it would take approximately $433,600,000 and more than 20 years to repair the island.This will probably never happen.16What might be the authors purpose in writing the text?ATo seek help for Naurus problems.BTo give a warning to other countries.CTo show the importance of money.DTo tell a heartbreaking story of a war.解析：作者意图题。根据第一段第三句“Naurus heartbreaking story.other countries might learn from the mistakes.”可以判断作者的写作意图：告诫其它国家，勿重蹈覆辙。答案：B17What was Nauru like before the Europeans came?ARich and powerful.BModern and open.CPeaceful and attractive.DGreedy and aggressive.解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的叙述可知在欧洲人到来之前瑙鲁地处偏僻，远离西方文明。因此可以根据这一信息用排除法逐一排除A、B、D三项中的错误信息，最后确定正确答案为peaceful and attractive。答案：C18The ecological disaster in Nauru resulted from _.Asoil pollution Bphosphate overminingCfarming activity Dwhale hunting解析：推理判断题。根据文章第四段和第五段的内容可知：磷酸盐的过度开发导致了该国的生态灾难。答案：B19Which of the following was a cause of Naurus financial problem?AIts leaders misused the money.BIt spent too much repairing the island.CIts phosphate mining cost much money.DIt lost millions of dollars in the civil war.解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“Unfortunately，the leaders invested the money unwisely and lost millions of dollars.”可以确定A项为正确答案。答案：A20What can we learn about Nauru from the last paragraph?AThe ecological damage is difficult to repair.BThe leaders will take the experts words seriously.CThe island was abandoned by the Nauruans.DThe phosphate mines were destroyed.解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句内容“Experts say that it would take.This will probably never happen.”可以断定生态灾难难以修复。D项内容不符合该段内容，应以百分之九十的岛屿遭到破坏。答案：AB(2012深圳市高三调研)Several hundred strangers received “love letters” from a young man on the street.The letter was written and given out by Yang Yang，a student majoring in human resources at Chongqing University of Science and Technology，who hoped to show his disappointment with job hunting.Yangs story has caught media attention perhaps because it is similar to those of millions of recent graduates seeking jobs and struggling for survival in the countrys wealthiest cities.They have diplomas，rather than professional skills，and come to big cities in hopes of better lives，only to find lowpaying jobs and poor living conditions.They are Chinas “ant tribe(蚁族)”，a term coined by sociologist Lian Si from Peking University in his 2009 book.Ant Tribe.“Theyre so similar to ants.They share small and narrow living areas.Theyre intelligent and hardworking，yet nameless and underpaid.”The term also speaks to their helplessness in a world governed by the law of the jungleonly the strongest survive.A survey in Lians another book published this year，Ant Tribe ，found nearly 30 percent of “ants” are graduates of famous universitiesalmost three times last years percentage.Most had degrees in popular majors.In addition,7.2 percent of “ants” have at least a masters degree compared to 1.6 percent in 2009.An “ants” average monthly salary is 1,904 yuan，with about 64 percent of them earning less than 2,000 yuan a month.Another survey in the 2010 Annual Report on the Development of Chinese Talent found more than 1 million “ants” live in big cities.“Most ants are from rural families or small towns，and their experiences in universities didnt arm them well enough to fight with competitors in big cities employment markets，” Professor Zhang Ming at Renmin University of China said.The “ant tribes” embarrassing living situations have become a serious social problem，and the government should develop smaller cities to attract more graduates from big cities，Zhang believed.However，“ants” expect more study and training opportunities in big cities，which keeps them positive despite their situations.【语篇解读】大学生就业艰难是无可争辩的事实，他们被称为“蚁族”，在大都市中默默地奋斗着，挣扎着，憧憬着21Yangs story is introduced in order to _.Aanalyze graduates difficulties in finding jobsBlead to the topic of the article“ant tribe”Ctell readers a story about those big citiesDshow a clever way of dealing with pressure解析：文章结构题。文章用这个年轻人的故事反映出了就业的艰难，从而为下文导入“蚁族”这个中心话题作铺垫。答案：B22The “ants” fail to find highpaying jobs mainly because _.Athey have no diplomas from good universitiesBtheir majors do not meet the needs of societyCthose from rural areas are not treated equallyDthey do not have necessary professional skills解析：细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句中的内容可知他们拥有文凭，但是没有专业技能，因而难以找到高报酬的工作。答案：D23“Ant tribe” members are similar to ants in the following aspects EXCEPT that _.Athey live in narrow and small places in groupsBthey work hard but earn little for survivalCthey are in a world judged by the jungle lawDthey are pleased with being nameless and underpaid解析：细节理解题。第三段中提到他们像蚂蚁一样住在狭窄的地方，聪明而勤奋，然而却不被人知而且薪水很低，但并不是说他们喜欢不被人知和低工资，故D项内容错误。答案：D24Professor Zhang thought “ants” problems could be solved by _.Acreating more jobs for graduates in big citiesBdeveloping smaller cities to attract graduatesCsending graduates to rural areas and small townsDtraining graduates to improve their ability解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的内容可知张教授认为解决问题的方法是发展比较小的城市来吸引毕业生。答案：B25By writing this article，the author mainly intends to show _.Adespite better education，“ants” are still strugglingBdespite difficulties，“ants” have a promising futureCbetter education，better job opportunitiesDAnt Tribe is a good book to help understand todays China解析：写作意图题。作者写作本文意在告诉我们虽然“蚁族”中有相当一部分人拥有高学历，但是他们仍然在为生存苦苦挣扎。答案：A 8