2019年英语六年级第一单元知识点及习题 (I).doc

2019年英语六年级第一单元知识点及习题 (I)一、单词释义：1. hobby：a hobby is an activity that you enjoy doing in your spare time2. free：someone or something that is free is controlled, or limited, for example by rules, customs, or other people.3. sure:know for certain that it is true, of course, certainly4. interested:giving a lot of attention to something because you want to find out more about it or because you5. collect:get from a number of persons or places ; bring or gather together6. join:bee a member of, take part in, participate; e into the pany of;7. member:person belonging to a group, society, etc8. dictionary:a book that gives a list of words in alphabetical order, with their meanings in the same or another language and usually their pronunciations二、单词用法1.hobbyn.爱好，嗜好（pl.）hobbiese.g.1.I have many hobbies.我有许多的爱好。2. My hobby is playing the piano./ Playing the piano is my hobby. 我的爱好是弹钢琴。3. My hobbies are singing and dancing, tennis and letter writing.短语：do sth. for hobby.do sth. as a hobby2.growvt.种植, 栽培, 培育 e.g. grow flowers/ trees/ plantsvi.生长, 成长, e.g. Plants cant grow without air. 短语： grow up 长大成人3. free1）adj. 空闲的；自由的；免费的（比较级freer 最高级freest）e.g. Im free this afternoon. 我今天下午有空。 The food and drinks are free. 这儿的食物和饮料是免费的。短语; in ones free/ leisure/spare time 在的空闲时间 for free 免费的4. sure用于口语中Sure! = Certainly! = Of course! 当然！形容词 adj. （比较级surer 最高级surest）1).确信的,有把握的 be sure about / of be sure thate.g. Im not sure whether our team will win. 我不能肯定我队是否能赢。 We are sure of his innocence. 我们确信他是无辜的。 2).一定的,必定的be sure to do e.g. She is sure to write to you. 她一定会给你写信的。 3).确实的;可靠的e.g. One thing is sure, he wont let you down. 有一点是确定的,那就是他不会让你失望。 Exercise is a sure way of losing weight. 运动是减肥的可靠办法。 5. shall 助词 v.aux. 1).(用于第一人称,表示将来)将,会I shall be thirty next year. 明年我就三十岁了。 2).(用在问句中表示征求对方意见,主要用于第一、第三人称).好吗?要不要.?Shall we begin now? 我们现在开始好吗? Shall I wait outside? 我在外面等好吗? Shall I turn on the lights? 我开灯好吗? 3).(用于陈述句中的第二、第三人称,表示说话人的意图、允诺、警告、命令、决心等)必须,应,可You shall have it back next week. 下星期一定还你。 He shall stay in bed. 他必须躺在床上。 He says he wont go, but I say he shall. 他说他不去,但我说他必须去。 6. interested / interesting / interest1) interest. n. “兴趣；趣味”v. “使（人）产生兴趣”What you said interests me. 你的话引起了我的兴趣。He shows an interest in music.他对音乐感兴趣。2)interesting. adj. “有趣的；引起兴趣的”可作表语或定语，指物或人本身能引起兴趣。如：The film is very interesting. 电影非常有趣。He is an interesting man. 他是一个有趣的人。3)interested是动词interest 加ed 构成的形容词，意为“感兴趣的”，其主语一般指人。常构成短语：be interested in sth. / doing sth.eg： When he was only a child, he got interested in science. 当他仅是一个孩子时，他就对科学产生了兴趣。Tom is interested in this film. (我对这部电影感兴趣）Tom is interested in playing soccer. 汤姆对打篮球感兴趣。7.look up仰望；查阅；尊敬；拜访Eg. look up the new words in a dictionary/ on the Internet在字典里 / 在网络上查这些生词 He looked up and saw a big bird in the sky. 他抬头看见在空中有一只大鸟。8. join 指加入某党派、某组织或某社会团体，成为其中的一个成员。如：入党、参军，入团等，例句： I will never forget the day when I joined the Party.我永远也忘不了入党的那一天。 Will you join us for dinner?请你和我们一起吃饭好吗？ He joined the English club last term. 他上学期参加了英语俱乐部。如果说与某人一起做某事、和在一起则用join sb. in sth./doing sth.。例句： Would you join me in a walk?和我一起去散步好吗？ Will you join us in a game of cards?你愿意和我们一起玩牌吗？ join in 与take part intake part in指参加群众性活动、会议等,往往指参加者持有积极的态度，起一份作用join in通常指参加某种活动，尤其指和其他人一起参加某项活动这两者一般可以互换例句：Will you take part in the English evening?同我们一起参加英语晚会好吗？ We should take an active part in school activities.我们应该积极参加学校的活动。 May I join in the game?我可以参加这个比赛吗？ I hope youll all join in the discussion.我希望你们大家都参加讨论。三、短语归纳1.爬山climb mountains2.读杂志 read magazines3.种植物 grow plants4.在公共汽车上见面 meet on the bus5.在.的空闲时间 in ones free/ spare/ leisure time6.游泳池 swimming pool7.计划做 plan to do8.半小时后 half an hour later9.在公共汽车站 at the bus stop10.查找 look up11.加入球迷俱乐部 join a soccer fan club12.下个月 next month13.他们中的绝大多数 moist of them14.一个很受欢迎的爱好 a very popular hobby15.超过一半的 more than half of the 16.其他植物 other plants17.流行歌曲 popular songs18. 中的一员 a member of .19.看望他的祖父母 visit his grandparents20.回家 be/e back home四、知识点、语法归纳.1）so do I的用法：so do I这类结构主要用来表示前面叙述的肯定情况同样也适用于后面的人或事物,其意为“也一样”。其中的do根据前面句子的谓语动词性质不同,也可换成连系动词be或情态动词,其中的主语I也可换成其他人称。如:He likes sports, and so do I.他喜欢运动,我也是。-Ilikeplayingfootball.-SodoI./Sodoesmybrother./Sodoes myfather.-Imustgo -SomustI.-JohncanspeakFrench -SocanI.-Sheisclever. -Soishe.2）Neither/Nordo主语结构但是如果前面所述情况为否定式，则用neither, nor引出倒装句(此时不能用so)。例如，甲方说Icantswim，乙方如果想表示我也不会游泳，英语可以说NeithercanI./NorcanI（Icanteither）。如：-HedoesntspeakFrench. -Neither/NordoI. （Neither/Nordoesmybrother）.-Jack isnt in the classroom. -Neither/Noris Lucy.注：关于以上两种结构，能用动词缩略形式。例如：ImgoingtoLondon.-SosJohn。(is)JimandMaryarentactinginthecollegeplay.-NeithersPeter.(is)3So主语do结构若后一句子只是重复前句的意思，起加强语气的作用，且主语与上文主语相同时，so后面不用倒装句式，可用此结构，注意，这里不用倒装同序；so的意义相当于indeed,certainly，即不错、对了。例如：A：Johnsmokesalot.B:Sohedoes(=Hesmokesalotindeed.)这类简短反应往往带有说话人的惊奇口吻。例如：A：Look，itsraining!B:Soitis.在这里，Soitis的含义是Youareright!Itisraining；andthissurprisesme.不定代词all, most, some, few, none的用法All意思是“全部,所有”,用于表示三者或三者以上的人或物,既可以指代可数名词,也可以指代不可数名词。如:I must eatall ofthe food before I get to school.我必须在到校前就把所有食物吃完。most意思是“多数”，既可以指代可数名词,也可以指代不可数名词。如:I drinkmost ofthe juice in the glass.杯子里的大部分果汁都是我喝的。some意思是“一些,一部分”，既可以指代可数名词,也可以指代不可数名词。如:I usually buysomecoffee in the morning.我经常在早上买一些咖啡。a few意思是“几个,很少”,只能指代可数名词。如：A fewstudents can climb the rope.只有几个学生能攀绳。none意思是“一个也没有”。常用短语none of ,意为“中一个也没有”,修饰可数名词时,谓语动词用单复数都可以。none也可以修饰不可数名词。如:I can donone ofthe work here.这里的工作我一个也干不了。.be going to将来时结构用法精讲一、be going to 的用法点拨 ：be going to 是一种固定结构，它后面要接动词原形。含有be going to 结构的句子中往往有表示将来的时间状语，如：tomorrow, next week等。1、用来表示按计划或安排要发生的动作，有“准备；打算”的意思。这种主观意图，一般已做过事先安排，故其实现的可能性较大，其主语常是人。We are going to have a class meeting this afternoon.今天下午我们打算开班会。（安排）2、表示根据现有情况、某种迹象，判断将要或即将发生的动作。此时不含有主观意图，只是表示说话人对客观事态发展的判断或推测，此时主语可以是人，也可以是物。例如：Look at the black clouds. Its going to rain.看那些乌云，快要下雨了。（推测）Im not feeling well, Im going to be ill. 我感觉不是很好，可能要生病了。（表示说话人的感觉而已）二、be going to 在肯定句中的形式be going to 结构中的助动词be很少用原形，be随主语人称和数的变化而变化，它一般有三种形式，am , is , are 。而going to 固定不变。即：当主语是 I 时用am ；当主语是第三人称单数时用is；当主语是其他人称时用are。I am going to buy something tomorrow morning.明天早上我要去买些东西。She is going to see Mr. Wang this afternoon.她打算今天下午去看望王先生。三、含be going to 的句子变否定句和一般疑问句的变法由于句子中有助动词be，因此be going to 的否定句和一般疑问句的构成很容易，即在be (am, is, are) 的后面加上not 就构成了否定句；把be (am, is, are) 放到句首，在句末加问号就构成了一般疑问句，其答语为：Yes, 主语+ am/is/are. / No, 主语+ isnt/arent. / No, Im not.不过 I am. 在改为一般疑问句时常常改为“Are you .?”。例如：They are going to see the car factory next week. (肯定句)They are not going to see the car factory next week. (否定句)Are they going to see the car factory next week?Yes, they are. (No, they arent.) (一般疑问句及其回答)四、使用be going to 应注意的两点1There be 句型的be going to 结构为：There is / are going to be. (注意句型中going to 后面的be不能改为have。) 常用来表示将有某事发生。例如：There is going to be a football match next Saturday in our school.下周六我们学校将有一场足球比赛。2e, go, leave, arrive等表示位置移动的动词常用现在进行时表示将要发生的动作，它们很少与be going to 结构连用。例如：Miss Sun is ing tonight.今晚孙小姐要来。They are going to the park next Friday. 下星期五他们打算去公园时态定义结构标志词疑问形式否定式提问谓语一般现在时1、目前存在的状态2、经常性、习惯性的动作主语（we、you、I、they）+动词原形主语（he、she/it/Sandy/the desk)频度副词：例：always, usually, often,sometimes, every day(week.)1 1.be放主语前2.主语前加do或does (动词还原)1、be + not2、动词前加dont或doesnt (动词还原)What do /does +主语+ do?如：Shereads Englishevery day.What does she do every day?现在进行时表示目前正在发生的动作或存在的状态Be doing1、提示语：look! Listen!2、At +时间点3、前有祈使句be放主语前be + notWhat is / are +主语+ doing？如：Were listening now.What are you doing now?一般讲来时1、表示打算做某事2、将要发生的动作或存在的状态Be going to do1、tomorrow, the next day, this afternoon, this evening2、next week (month, year)3、in the year xxbe或will放主语前be或will后加notwill not = wont1、What is/ are +going to do?2、What will +主语+do?如：He will play basketball next week.What will he do next week?五、各课时作业：Lesson One：1.背单词、短语2.背诵并仿写对话（听力材料）。Lesson Two:1. 背诵单词、单词用法2. 背诵短语3. 熟读课文4. 根据思维导图复述课文（ 仿写课文）Lesson Three:1. 背诵单词、单词用法2. 背诵短语 3. 完成本单元语法相关的练习小卷Lesson Four：1. 背诵单词及单词用法2. 背诵短语 3. 作文： My HobbyUnit 1 Our Hobbies第一单元单元测试题一、单项选择（15分）（ ）1.-Whats your younger brothers hobby?-Her hobby is _ the piano.A. play B. playing C. plays( )2. What do the boys in your class do ?-Most of them play soccer _ hobby. A. for B. to C. with （ ）3. This book is very_. I am _ in it.A. interested; interesting B. interested; interested C. interesting; interested( ) 4. -_ stamps is Toms hobby. He has many different kinds of stamps. - Yes, he is a good collector. A. Collect B. Collecting C. Collects( ) 5. Do you have any plans _ the ing new term? - I plan _study harder than before. A. to, for B. for, to C. for, for( ) 6. Boys and girls, you can _ the new words in the dictionary if you dont know the meaning of them. A. look up B. look down C. look after( ) 7. We are going to play games on the playground. Will you _ us? - Really？Id like to _ the game. A. join, join B. join in, join C. join. Join in( ) 8. - _ go to the movies this weekend? - _ good. What time shall we meet? A. Lets , Sound B. How about, sounds C. Shall we, Sounds( ) 9. I am in the newspaper club. So I like to read _ news very much. A. sports B. sport C. sporting( ) 10. There are fifty students in my class. Only a few of the students e from the country, and _ are from the city. A. some of them B. all of them C. most of them( ) 11. How do you usually go to school? - My house isnt far from my school, so I usually _ a bike to school. A. by B. on C. ride( )12. -Do you finish your work? - No, only half of the work _ over. A. is B. are C. be( )13. -Do you know there _ a soccer game on our playground? - Really? How about going together? A. will have B. is going to be C. is going to have（ ）14.-Jack is in the swimming club, he swims well. - _. She is good at swimming, too.A. So does Lucy B. So Lucy does C. Lucy is so( )15. Which stress of the following words is different? A. interested B. collect C. dictionary二、完型填空（10分）根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。One day, a Chinese student goes to study English in England. His family name is Sun. It is the1as the word “sun”. England is a country with2. It is often cloudy or misty(多雾的), and it3again, so the days there4get much sunshine(阳光) all the year. When the Chinese student gets to London, a tall5policeman with a long face6his passport(护照) to check(检查) it. The policeman finds the Chinese name “sun” in the passport. He7it is pronounced(发音) just like the8word “sun”. So he says to the Chinese student, “I see your name is Sun, youre wanted here. You bring sunshine9England, so we dont want you to10.” They smile.( ) 1. A. same B. different C. like ( ) 2. A. good weatherB. bad peopleC. bad weather( ) 3. A. rains B. raining C. is rains( ) 4. A. dont B. doesnt C. also( ) 5. A. Chinese B. ChinaC. English ( ) 6. A. is open B. opens C. opening( ) 7. A. think B. thinking C. thinks( ) 8. A. English B. Chinese C. Japan ( ) 9. A. at B. of C. to( )10. A. go away B. goes awayC. going away三、阅读理解。（15分）A先阅读短文，然后根据短文内容选择正确的答案。A long time ago people thought that the sun went round the earth. In some countries people even said that the sun was a god (神). They thought the god drove across the sky each day on a golden horse. Now we know the earth goes round the sun. It takes the earth a year to know how far it is for the earth to go round the sun. They tell us that the earth travels over a thousand miles a minute on its journey round the sun.The sun is much bigger than the earth and it is very hot. Some people have been to the moon but we know that no one can ever go to the sun. It is too hot for people to live anywhere near it. The sun is three hundred thousand times heavier than the earth and more than million times larger.根据短文内容，选出正确答案。( ) 1. A long time ago, people said the sun was _.A. a golden horse of godB. a god on a golden horseC. a god and a golden horse( ) 2. People can never live anywhere near the sun because it is too _.A. dark B. hot C. cold( ) 3. Now we know the _ goes round _.A. earth; the sun B. planet; the moon C. planet; itself( ) 4. The earth travels over _miles an hour.A.6,000 B. 60,000 C. 600,000( )5. One year is _.A. the time for the earth to turn round.B. the time for the earth to travel one thousand miles.C. one circle the earth goes round the sun.BBruce found a note on his desk after he went back to his office.To: Bruce CarterFrom: Your wifeTime: 3:40 p.m. June. 20thMessage:1. Your daughter is much better, but she still has to stay in the hospital.2. Dont forget to prepare dinner for the cat and water the flowers.3. Put Tom to bed at 10:20 p.m.4. Give Jack a call to discuss the summer holiday with him.Call back: ( ) Yes () No Ann根据表格内容选择正确答案：( ) 1. Who wrote the note?A. Bruce B. Bruces wife C. Ann( ) 2. Bruces daughter _ at the moment.A. is at home B. is badly ill C. stays in the hospital( ) 3. Bruce has to _.A. look after his daughter at homeB. give food to his catC. call back his wife( ) 4. Tom _.A. goes to bed at 10:20 p.m.B. waters the flowersC. calls Jack to talk about the summer holiday( ) 5. Which is not true according to the note?A. Bruce has two children.B. Bruce was out when his wife called.C. Jack will call Bruce to talk about the summer holiday.CMr. Brown was the manager (经理) of an office in London. He lived in the country and came up to work by train. He liked walking from the station to his office unless it was raining, because it gave him some exercise.One morning he was walking along the street when a stranger stopped him and said to him. You may not remember me, sir, but seven years ago I came to London without a penny in my pockets. I stopped you in the street and asked you to lend me some money, and you gave me five pounds, because you said that you were willing to take a chance so as to (为了) give a man start on the road to success.Mr. Brown thought for a few minutes and then said, Yes, I remember you. Go on with your story. Well, answered the stranger, are you still willing to take a chance?根据短文内容判断正误，正确的填A，错误的填B。( ) 1. Mr. Brown lived in the city of London.( ) 2. Mr. Brown liked walking because he wanted to be healthy( ) 3. Mr. Brown first met the stranger six years ago.( ) 4. Perhaps the stranger was a clever but lazy man.( )5.The stranger got another five pounds at last.四、任务型阅读（本题共10分， 每小题1分）先阅读（A）（B）两篇短文，然后根据题目要求及过所给语境完成下列四项任务。play classmate go interesting sport(A)Liu Chang is _1_ in soccer. He often looks up famous soccer_2_ on the Internet. He likes to read _3_ magazines. He is _4_ to join a soccer fun club. He wants to know his _5_hobbies.（A）任务一：用方框里所给单词的适当形式填空，使文章通顺，连贯，合理。（每次限用一次）1_ 2_3_4_5_ （B）Soccer is Liu Chang s favorite sport. His friends are interested in soccer, too. Sometimes they play soccer after school. On weekends, Liu Chang usually watches soccer games on TV. He looks up famous soccer players on the Internet. He likes to read sports magazines. He collects pictures of famous soccer players. He is going to join a soccer fun club next month.任务二：根英文释义及首字母提示，拼写单词。1. c_: get from a number of persons or places; bring or gather together2. j_: bee a member of, take part in, participate; e into the pany of;任务三：同义句转换，每空一词。He is going to join a soccer fan club next month.He_3_4_a soccer fan club next month.任务四：根据短文内容简答问题。What does Liu Chang like to collect?5._五、交际运用（15分）（A）从A-J选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项补全对话。（选项中有两项是多余的）A：_1_.B: I like to ride a bike in the park.A：Its really good exercise. _2_.B: Really? Im going to ride in the park this evening. _3_, Lucy?A：Sure. _4_. When shall we meet?B: Shall we meet at 4:00 this evening?A：Sorry, _5_. My piano lesson finishes at four.A: Id love to.B: How about 5:00 P.m.?C: Lets meet at the gate of the park at 5 p.m.D: So do I.E: What are you going to do?F: Will you join me?G: What do you do in your free time?H: Can we make it an hour later?I: So I do.J: See you then.B: Oh, _6_.A：Okay. _7_.B: _8_.1._ 2._ 3._ 4. _5. _ 6. _ 7. _ 8. _(B)填入一个适当的词补全对话，每空一词。A: What do you do in your_1_ time, Lucy?B: I like to swim.A: Really? So _2_ I. Its cool to stay in water especially _3_ hot days.B: Yes, its also good exercise. _4_ we go to the swimming pool together this afternoon?A: _5_ good. What time shall we meet?B: _6_ meet in front of the swimming pool at 3:00 p.m.A: Okay. See you _7_.六、 用所给词的适当形式填空1. What do you like to do? -He likes to climb _. (mountain)2. I will go to the _ (swim) pool this evening. Will you join _ (I)?3. This book _ me a lot. I am really _ in it. (interest)4. Liu Chang likes to look up famous soccer _ (play) on the Internet.5. What are they doing? They are talking about their _ (classmate) hobbies.6. There are fifty students in his class, most of _ (they) like popular songs.7. We are going to _ (be) back home before dinner.8.-What do you plan _ (do) this weekend. I have no idea.9. -Whats your mothers hobby? Her hobby is _ (read) books.10. I m interested in sports. I love to read _ (sport) magazines七、阅读表达：阅读对话后填信息图There are 52 students in my class. Most of them have e-pals or pen friends. 34 of them have Chinese e-pals. They usually talk about their hobbies, their favorite subjects and school life. 8 of them have pen friends. They often write to each other to talk about their school life. 6 of them have e-pals from a foreign country; they talk in English and practice using English by writing to each other. 4 of them have no e-pals or pen friends. They think it can waste much time.The number of studentsHaveWhy 34 students_1_e-palsTalk about hobbies, subjects and school life._2_studentsPen friendsTalk abut school life6 students_3_e-palsPractice_4_4stude