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Module 1 Small Talk(一)课前自主学习.阅读单词知其意1yawn v打呵欠2sigh v. 叹气，叹息_3immigration n. 移民4visa n. 签证5reception n. 欢迎会；招待会6embassy n. 使馆7firm n. 公司8outspoken adj.纵联1 直言不讳的，坦率的，不客气的9motto n. 座右铭，格言10coincidence n纵联2 巧合11mature adj. 成熟的12tease v. 戏弄，嘲弄，揶揄13contradict v. 反驳14pregnant adj. 怀孕的15acquaintance n. 熟人16divorce n. 离婚，离异17anniversary n. 周年纪念日18violate v. 骚扰，妨碍，侵犯19define v. 解释，给下定义20circumstance n. 情形，情况.重点单词写其形1lack v. 缺乏，缺少 2opportunity n. 机会3prize n. 奖品，奖金 4tidy v. 使整洁，整理 5favour n. 恩惠，照顾6certain pron. 某些 7reply n. 回答，答复，回信8shorting n. 缺点，短处9awkward adj. 尴尬的10typist n. 打字员11customer n. 顾客，客户12cautious adj.纵联3 谨慎的，慎重的，小心的13anyhow adv. 不管怎么说，无论如何 14interrupt v. 打断15function n. 功能 16purpose n. 目的17form n. 表格.拓展单词通其变1informal adj.非正式的(反义词)formal adj.正式的2serious adj.严肃的seriously adv.严肃地3confidently adv.自信地confident adj.自信的confidence n信心；自信4advance adj.预先的，在前的n.前进；进步 v前进；提前advanced adj.先进的；高级的 5application n申请apply v申请；应用6impolite adj.不礼貌的impolitely adv.不礼貌地polite adj.礼貌的纵联47absence n缺乏，不存在absent adj.缺席的，不在场的；缺少的，缺乏的8apology n道歉，致歉apologise v道歉9messy adj.棘手的，难办的mess n脏或乱的状态10modest adj.谦虚的，谦逊的modesty n谦虚，谦逊11successful adj.成功的success n成功succeed vi.成功vt.继任，接替12imagine v想象imagination n想象，想象力imaginary adj.想象中的，假想的，虚构的imaginative adj.富有想象力的纵联1.“out分词”式合成形容词outspoken直言不讳的，坦率的，不客气的outspread 伸开的，展开的outworn 过时的，陈腐的，无用的outcast 被遗弃的；被逐出的outgoing 外向的，友好的outstanding 杰出的，突出的纵联2.ence结尾名词集锦coincidence巧合 absence缺乏，不存在confidence信心 consequence结果adolescence青春；青春期 petence能力；胜任convenience便利 conscience良心，道德感reference参考；查阅 preference喜爱；偏爱纵联3.ious结尾形容词荟萃cautious谨慎的 serious严肃的ambitious有雄心的 curious好奇的 delicious美味的 obvious明显的 precious珍贵的 religious宗教的unconscious无意识的 various多种多样的纵联4.前缀im形容词表示“不的”impolite不礼貌的 impossible不可能的 impatient不耐烦的 immoral不道德的 imperfect不完美的 improper不合适的单元话题闲聊子话题1问候、介绍regards n问候，致意 respect n敬意greet vt.问候 greeting n问候，打招呼introduction n介绍，引进 remend vt.推荐；建议子话题2打电话dial v拨(电话号码) ring up打电话get through接通(电话) hang on(打电话时)不挂断hang up挂断电话 phone up打电话学考对接活学活用高考采撷(一)阅读中的词汇应用1(2014湖南高考阅读A)Once all _(apply) are in，you will be invited to an open selection event on 17 September, 45 pm, at the gallery of Towner. This will be an informal opportunity to meet the Squad Leader, Squad Associate and other young people.用apply的正确形式填空：applications写出informal的反义词：formal写出opportunity在句中的含义：机会2(2011山东高考阅读表达)A textaholic can _(define) as someone who is addicted to sending and receiving messages. The main symptoms are a strong desire to text messages, which takes precedence (优先) over everything else, and bad moods, low spirits and a lack of selfconfidence if messages fail to e in. 用define的正确形式填空：be_defined写出lack在句中的含义：缺乏，缺少，常用短语a lack ofn.意为：缺乏confidence在此处意为：信心；自信；在本单元的同根副词是：confidently3(2009江西高考阅读D)When we sign a paper, for example, a business contract or a bank document, the signature is a seal of consent, an agreement to take the matter _(serious). Most governments and many organisations will not process writing plaints if they do not bear the writers signature. The _(absent) of a signature, they explain, tells us that the writer cannot be too serious and therefore does not deserve a reply.用serious的正确形式填空：seriously用absent的正确形式填空：absence写出reply在句中的含义：回答，答复，回信高考采撷(二)写作中的词汇应用(根据汉语及提示词翻译句子)1(2017全国卷书面表达)我希望你能够抓住这个机会进一步学习中国传统文化。(opportunity)I_wish_that_you_could_grasp_this_opportunity_to_learn_traditional_Chinese_culture further.2(2017浙江高考写作)而且我确实希望尽可能快地收到你的答复。(reply)And_I_do_look_forward_to_receiving_your_reply_as_soon_as_possible.3(2014陕西高考书面表达)这个项目的目的是培养我们在英语学习上的兴趣以及听说方面的实际能力。(purpose)The_purpose_of_this_programme_is_to_develop_our_interest_in_English_learning_and_practical_abilities_in_listening_and_speaking.(二)课堂重点释疑1lack v缺乏，缺少n.缺乏；短缺的东西记牢(1)lack (for) sth.缺乏/缺少某物(2)(a) lack of . 缺乏/缺少for lack of . 因缺乏(3)lacking adj. 缺少的，不足的be lacking in缺少(品质、特点等)；在方面缺乏练通单句语法填空Though lacking (lack) experience, he soon got a higher pay by working hard. For lack of confidence, she is lacking (lack) in skills of municating.While college graduates plain of a lack of available jobs, factories are facing difficulties in hiring workers.用准lack既可以作动词也可作名词。作及物动词时后面直接接宾语，不能用于被动语态；作不及物动词时，后常与介词for连用；作名词时，后面常接介词of。写美补全句子由于缺少空间，在大城市已经修建了越来越多的高楼。More and more highrise buildings have been built in big cities for_lack_of_space.2advance adj.预先的，在前的v.前进；促进；提前n.前进，进展，进步；增长辨清写出下列句中advance的词性和含义 The inspections were supposed to be a surprise, but keepers sometimes had advance notice. adj.预先的，在前的There have been great advances in medicine in the last ten years. n.进展，进步This will further advance the friendly relations between the two countries. v.促进The date of the meeting has been advanced from Friday to Monday. v.提前记牢(1)in advance (ahead of time)预先；在前面in advance of 比进步；在之前make advances in 在方面取得进展(2)advanced adj. 高级的；进步的；先进的练通单句语法填空This meeting room is a nonsmoking area. I would like to warn you in advance that if you smoked here you would be fined.(2015北京高考)Thanks to the advanced (advance) technology, we live in an age of bettered munication. 用准advance本身已有“向前”的意思，因此作动词时，后面不必再用forward。类似的动词还有：enter(进入)不与into连用，return(回来)不与back连用。写美补全句子(2017全国卷书面表达)此外，我建议您到书店买一本历史书，提前了解一下唐朝的历史，这可能有助于您更好地理解将要学习的唐诗。Besides, I advise you to go to the bookstore to buy a history book and learn_the_history_of_the_Tang_Dynasty_in_advance,_which can help you better understand the Tang poems to be learned.3absence n缺乏，不存在记牢(1)absence from缺席；不在absence of mind 心不在焉in the absence of (人)不在，缺席，(物)不存在，缺少in/during ones absence在某人不在时，在某人缺席时(2)absent adj. 缺席的，不在场的(后置定语)be absent from 缺席；不参加练通单句语法填空In the absence of proof, the police could not take action against the man.He was absent (absence) from the conference yesterday because of his sudden heart disease.补全句子I will go on a business trip tomorrow. Mark will be in charge of the pany in/during_my_absence.我明天要出差，我不在时由马克负责这个公司。写美一句多译很长时间没有上学后，我的老师和同学们都帮助我补习功课。My teachers and classmates helped me with the lessons after my_long_absence_from_school. (absence)My teachers and classmates helped me with the lessons after I_had_been_absent from_school_for_a_long_time. (absent)4apology n道歉，致歉记牢(1)make an apology to sb. for (doing) sth.因(做)某事而向某人道歉accept/refuse ones apology接受/拒绝某人的道歉owe sb. an apology 应向某人道歉(2)apologise v. 道歉apologise to sb. for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事而向某人道歉练通单句语法填空I owe you an apology for what I said this morning. Anyhow I meant no offence.She apologised (apology) for the mistake and gave us a spare VIP room on the top floor.句型转换If you are really wrong, you should apologise to your roommate. If you are really wrong, you should make_an_apology_to your roommate. (apology)写美翻译句子我衷心希望你能接受我的道歉并理解我。I_sincerely_hope_that_you_can_accept_my_apology_and_understand_me.5imagine v想象记牢(1)imagine (sb./sb.s) doing sth.想象(某人)做某事imagine sb./sth. as/to be .把某人/物想象成imagine从句 想象(2)imagination n. 想象；想象力beyond imagination 超乎想象，出乎意料练通单句语法填空Can you imagine the man living (live) on a lonely island for three years?I never knew my grandmother, but I always imagine her as a kind and gentle person.补全句子The scenery of nature there is so beautiful; in other words, its beyond_imagination. 那儿的自然风光真的是太美了，换句话说，美得让人难以想象。用准imagine的宾语可以是名词、代词、从句、动名词以及动名词的复合结构，但不能为动词不定式。写美翻译句子我经常想象未来我的生活会是什么样子。I_often_imagine_what_my_life_will_be_like_in_the_future._词汇过关综合训练.单词拼写1The more learned a man is, the more modest (谦虚的) he usually is.2He has determined to overe his shorting (缺点) of not being punctual.3Id like to take this opportunity (机会) to thank everyone for their hard work on the project.4The young girl expressed confidently (自信地) that she was fit for that task.5Its a coincidence (巧合) that they were born in the same month and on the same day.6Im very cautious (谨慎的) about expressing my opinions in public.7They were interrupted (打断) by a knock at the door.8She went to Germany for the purpose (目的) of research.9They voted in favour (支持) of the prohibition of smoking in public areas.10He promised me that he would provide me with a satisfactory reply (答复).单句语法填空1Its generally agreed that small talk is a kind of informal(formal) talk about unimportant things.2We have been very successful (success) in attracting young graduates to the pany.3Hard work and lack of sleep have worn out her beauty and youth in recent years.4Johns modesty (modest) makes him popular with his colleagues.5Its difficult to imagine him accepting (accept) the decision without any hesitation.6Im writing to explain the reason why I was absent (absence) from your lecture last time.7He stepped on my foot on purpose, not by chance, which made me very angry.8Its impolite (polite) to ask others ine, marriage and age in most western countries.9Hearing the news, I was excited and filled in the application (apply) form immediately.10When she opened the door, she was greeted with a(n) messy (mess) scene, which made her very angry.根据提示补全句子1为了赶上早班飞机，我们提前订了出租车，而且起床很早。(advance)To catch the early flight, we ordered_a_taxi_in_advance and got up very early.2对我们来说很难想象在古代社会奴隶的生活是什么样的。(imagine)It is difficult for us to imagine_what_life_was_like for slaves in the ancient society.3健康问题和不良的饮食习惯以及缺少锻炼密切相关。(lack)Health problems are closely connected with bad eating habits and a_lack_of_exercise.4对此事给您带来的不便，请接受我们的歉意。(apology)Please accept_our_apology_for the inconvenience this matter has given you. 5然而，在缺乏母语环境的情况下学习作为外语的英语相当困难。(absence)However, learning English as a foreign language is very difficult in_the_absence_of a native language environment.(一)课前自主学习1(be)_nervous_about对神经紧张/害怕/胆怯/焦虑不安2think_of 想起，回忆起3look_away_from 把目光从移开4in_addition 除此之外，另外5find_out 了解(到)；找出(信息)6as_a_consequence 串记1 因此，结果7cheer_sb._up 使某人高兴/振作起来8leave_out 省去，删去9(be)_aware_of 知道10show_off 串记2 炫耀同根短语串记串记1.“原因、结果”短语串记as a consequence 因此，结果as a result (of) 作为的结果result in/from 导致/起因于on account of 由于because of 因为bring about 带来，引起lead to 导致contribute to 导致串记2.“v.off”短语集释show off 炫耀back off 放弃，后退break off 中止，中断call off 取消；停止进行cool off 冷却，(使)冷静下来clear off 消除；溜掉cut off 切断die off 先后死去，相继死去pay off 偿清ring off 挂断电话1make friends交朋友，建立友谊2prepare sb. for . 使某人为做好准备3conversation openers 开场白4a certain colour 某种颜色5put ones foot in ones mouth 犯使人难堪的错误，说错话6be cautious about 对小心/谨慎7go through 经受，经历(苦难，困境等)8take the lead 带头，领先9at_this point 在这一点上；到这时10have sth. in mon 有共同之处1Talk_to_a_man_about_himself,_and he will speak to you for hours!和一个人谈论他自己，他会和你说上几个小时。2Her motto was “Every_time I open my mouth, I put my foot in it.”她的“座右铭”是“每当我张口，就会讲错话”。3It_is_estimated_that 80% of all conversation in English is small talk.据估计80%的英语会话是闲聊。学考对接活学活用高考采撷(一)完形中的短语和句式(补全句子)1(2016浙江高考完形填空)I made up my mind I would find_out (找到，找出) what was good in my present situation; I would look for the stars.2(2014重庆高考完形填空)Cultural differences occur wherever you go. When visiting another country, you should be_aware_of (意识到，知道) those differences and respect them. 3(2010山东高考完形填空)Finally, after weeks of preparation, I would show_off (炫耀) all my hard work in a dance performance.4(2013山东高考完形填空)Every_time_I_came_into_her_room (每次我进入她的房间), she was so happy because she thought I was her daughter.高考采撷(二)写作中的短语和句式(补全句子/词汇升级)1(2014重庆高考写作)每当我看到它，就禁不住想起我的朋友。Whenever I look at it, I couldnt_help_thinking_of_my_friend. 2(2014江西高考书面表达)Besides, we should learn how to get along well with others. (用本单元短语替换加黑部分)In_addition3(2013福建高考书面表达)As a result, children bee so reliant on their parents that they have no independent thought or creative ideas.(用本单元短语替换加黑部分) As_a_consequence4(2017北京高考书面表达)众所周知，长江是亚洲最长的河流，有许多著名的游览景点。(Itbe过去分词that从句)Its_widely_known_that the Yangtze River is the longest river in Asia and has so many wellknown sightseeing spots.(二)课堂重点释疑短语集释1in addition除此之外，另外记牢(1)in additionbesides/furthermore/whats more另外，而且in addition tobesides/apart from/as well as除之外还(2)additional adj. 额外的，附加的练通单句语法填空(2016四川高考)In addition, I can see different kinds of beautiful birds.(2018全国卷)Working out in the morning provides additional (addition) benefits beyond being physically fit.句型转换Apart from the school, the village has a clinic, which was also built with government support.In_addition_to_the_school,_the village has a clinic, which was also built with government support.写美翻译句子(2017全国卷书面表达)此外，许多作品将会在这个剪纸展上展出。In_addition,_many_works_will_be_displayed_in_the_papercutting_exhibition.2leave out省去，删去；遗漏；忽视，冷落；忽略辨清写出下列句中leave out的含义All the others seemed to know each other and I began to feel left out.忽视，冷落You can leave out the parts of the story that are not interesting.省去，删去He didnt say anything that was false, but he left out important information on purpose.遗漏We left out the possibility of his ing to the party.忽略记牢leave for动身去leave behind 遗留，遗忘；使落后leave sb./sth. alone 不打扰某人/别管某事leave sth. aside 不予考虑，搁在一边练通单句语法填空When you go camping, please do not leave behind any trash.She wants to think things out quietly, so we had better leave her alone.写美补全句子(2016全国卷书面表达)如果你能帮我看一下英语作文并检查一下我是否遗漏了一些信息，我将不胜感激。Id appreciate it if you could help me look through the English position to check whether I have left_out_some_information.3show off炫耀；卖弄记牢show up暴露，显露；来到，露面show sb. in/out 带某人进来/出去show sb. around 带领某人参观on show 在展出练通单句语法填空All the collections will be on show from June 16th to 18th in the City Museum. Mike was trying to show off his talent by decorating the kitchen wall with his colour pencils.词汇升级When they appeared for their Sunday game, they were pletely different.When they showed_up for their Sunday game, they were pletely different.写美翻译句子下午，我校的学生将带你参观海河。In_the_afternoon,_the_students_in_our_school_will_show_you_around_the_Haihe_River.句式集释1every time引导时间状语从句教材原句Her motto was “Every_time I open my mouth, I put my foot in it.”悟拓展例句(1)(2016浙江高考)Every_time he arrived home at the end of the day, wed greet him at the door.每一天他到家时，我们都会在门口迎接他。(2)The_first_time he came to the city, he decided to settle there.他第一次来到那个城市，他就决定在那里安家。(3)You are wele to e back any_time you want to.你什么时候想回来，我们都欢迎。(4)On arriving (arrive) home, he set out to do his housework.析用法规则用法归纳(1)every time是名词词组作连词，引导时间状语从句，相当于whenever，意为“每当”，从句谓语常用一般现在时或一般过去时。(2)名词词组作连词用而且能引导时间状语从句的还有： any time“任何时候”， next time“下次时”， the last time“最后一次”， the序数词time“第次”。 (3)the瞬间名词(moment/minute/instant/second)意为“一就”(4)on/upon doing sth.“一就”注意事项(1)此类名词词组可单独引导时间状语从句，因此后面不再用when。(2)这些从属连词引导的从句都表示从句的动作一发生，主句的动作随即就发生，从句中用一般时态代替将来时态。背写作佳句(1)(2017天津高考书面表达)I do hope that you can pay a visit to Tianjin every time you e to China.(要点句)(2)(201610月浙江高考写作)Tom dashed out the instant the helicopter landed and hugged Jane tightly.(要点句)2It is过去分词that从句教材原句It_is_estimated_that 80% of all conversation in English is small talk.悟拓展例句(1)(2015安徽高考)It_is_reported_that a space station will be built on the moon in years to e.据报道，一座空间站将在未来的几年内在月球上被建成。(2)Its_known_to_all_that “Where there is a will, there is a way.”众所周知，“有志者，事竟成。”(3)It_is_suggested_that all the people who will join in picking apples should wear a hat and a pair of gloves.人们建议参加这次采摘苹果的所有人都要戴着帽子和手套。析用法规则用法归纳“It is过去分词that .”结构常见的还有：It is said that . 据说It is reported that . 据报道It is known to all that . 众所周知It is hoped that . 人们希望It is thought that . 人们认为It is suggested that . 人们建议It is believed that . 人们相信/认为注意事项此句式可转化为含有as引导定语从句的复合句，也可以转化为“sb./sth. is过去分词to do/to have done .”句型。背写作佳句(1)It is reported that the weather there is very hot and dry, which is very different from that of your country.(开头句)(2)As is known to all, with the improvement of peoples living standards, cars have bee a popular means of transport.(开头句)(3)Tiring as it might be, the military training is believed to be the best opportunity to make lifelong friends.(要点句)词块、句式过关综合训练.选词填空nervous about， think of， look away from， in addition， find out， as a consequence， cheer sb. up， leave out， aware of， show off1We must find_out when Karl is ing so that we can book a room for him.2Looking at her large empty apartment, I became aware_of how lonely my mother must have been in Brazil herself. 3Whenever we hear about “the homeless”， most of us think_of the Developing World. 4The most important word has been left_out,_so it doesnt make any sense.5He was always diligent in his study and as_a_consequence received high marks.6I am nervous_about my first day. You never know whats in store for you when you start a new job.7Youd better stay in bed for a few days. In_addition,_you should drink more water.8He failed in the driving test and looked sad. Lets cheer him up.9Mike has only driven to the pub to show_off his new car he usually walks!10If you look_away_from a person or yawn, he may think you are not interested in him.根据提示翻译/补全句子1建议你花更多的时间学习英语。(It is过去分词that从句)It_is_suggested_that_you_should_spend_more_time_studying_English.2多锻炼，你就会更强壮、更健康。(祈使句and陈述句)Take_more_exercise,_and youll bee stronger and healthier.3每次他想要放弃的时候，他都提醒自己他要养活一家人。(every time)Every_time_he_felt_like_giving_up,_he reminded himself that he had a family to support. .应用文分步写作假定你是李华，近日你收到英国朋友Alice的邮件，以下是邮件内容：Dear Li Hua，How are you doing these days? Im having some problems and would like to get your advice.My parents want me to spend my summer with them this year but I would prefer to go somewhere with my friends. I love my parents but sometimes they are overprotective. I feel that I am old enough and responsible enough to go away without their supervision (监管)Any suggestions you could give me about this issue would be greatly appreciated.Yours，Alice请你给Alice回复一封电子邮件。内容包括：1回应她的请求；2说明你的观点；3提出建议并说明理由。注意：1.词数80左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。第一步：准确审题，理行文脉络，拟写作要点本文属于应用文中的电子邮件，时态以一般现在时为主，人称为第一和第二人称。文章可分为三个层次：开头应表达收到对方邮件的心情。主体部分应根据题目所给的邮件和三个要点进行构思，在写作要点时不可脱离邮件，天马行空，如回应她的请求，首先了解邮件中的请求“go away without their supervision”，即不想受到父母的监管，写作时就可以给予回应她父母这样做的原因(担心安全)；说明个人观点时要依据Alice邮件中提到的“I would prefer to go somewhere with my friends”，据此，你的观点明了，“对于青少年来说和朋友一起去某地是个好主意”，Alice这时就应先和父母谈一谈；同时，在说明你的理由时就可以依据父母同不同意她这样做来写。结尾表达自己的希望和祝愿。开头语：很高兴收到你征求我建议的邮件。(Its my pleasure to do .)Its_my_pleasure_to_receive_your_email_asking_for_my_advice.要点1：我猜想他们不同意你的原因是担心你的安全。(the reason why . is that .)I_guess_the_reason_why_they_dont_agree_with_you_is_that_they_are_concerned_about_your_safety.要点2：对于青少年来说和朋友一起去某地是个好主意。(its a good idea for sb. to do sth.)Its_a_good_idea_for_teenagers_to_go_som
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