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选修8Unit 2Cloning一、阅读理解ADespite being used by 1.34 billion people each year, traveling on the Tube in London can actually be quite lonely. One citizen, however, is trying to change this. “You get on the Tube and its pletely silent and its weird，” says Jonathan Dunne, who has started a worldwide dialogue after giving out badges (徽章) with the words “Tube chat？” last month, encouraging passengers in London to get talking to one another. “I handed out 500 badges during rush hour in a city of 8 million, expecting most of them to be thrown away, but after about 24 hours it pletely snowballed，” he says. Dunne and his “Tube chat” campaign have since been reported by media across the world, seeing TV interviews in Sweden, Brazil and the UK, as well as countless website, newspaper and magazine appearances. Although Dunne says hes received mostly positive feedback, not everyone agrees with his idea. Londoner Brian Wilson responded with a campaign of his own, handing out 500 badges with the words “Dont even think about it” on them. Michael Robinson, 24, a student from London, agrees. “Being on the Tube is the only peace and quiet some people get on their journeys to and from work. It doesnt need to be spoiled by people ing up and chatting to you，” he says. “People assume that I just walk up and talk to strangers, which I dont, but its been a great way to meet people you would never have normally spoken to，” Dunne says.So if you ever end up using public transport in the West, why not say hello to the person next to you? Just make sure to check for a badge first.【文章大意】每年乘坐伦敦地铁的乘客众多，可是人们仍然感到孤独；为此Jonathan Dunne发起了一个旨在鼓励乘客相互交谈的运动，此举引起了世界媒体的关注。尽管如此，人们对此仍有不同的态度。1How did Dunne encourage London passengers to talk with each other?ABy putting up posters on the tube. BBy advocating his idea on the media. CBy offering passengers special badges. DBy starting a dialogue with passengers.答案与解析：C考查细节理解。根据第二段的“who has started a worldwide dialogue after giving out badges(徽章) with the words Tube chat？”可知，Dunne用给乘客们分发写着“Tube chat？”的徽章来鼓励乘客聊天，故C项正确。2How is Dunnes campaign getting along?AIt has caught international attention.BIt has bee a worldwide campaign.CMost passengers have refused to accept it.DWilson has made great efforts to promote it.答案与解析：A考查细节理解。根据第二段的“Dunne and his Tube chat campaign have since been reported by media across the world, seeing TV interviews in Sweden，Brazil and the UK，as well as countless website, newspaper and magazine appearances.”可知，Dunne和他的“Tube chat”运动引起了世界各种媒体的关注，故A项正确。根据第二段的内容可知，该运动仅针对伦敦地铁乘客，故B项错误；根据第三段的“hes received mostly positive feedback”可知，C项错误；根据第三段第二句可知，Wilson对此运动持反对态度，故D项错误。3According to Michael Robinson, what should tube passengers do?AHand in their feedback in time. BWalk up and talk to strangers. CStop using public transport. DEnjoy the peace quietly.答案与解析：D考查细节理解。根据第三段的“Being on the Tube is the only peace and quiet some people get on their journeys to and from work. It doesnt need to be spoiled by people ing up and chatting to you”可知，Michael Robinson认为乘伦敦地铁是人们上下班时享受安静的时刻，而不是交谈的时刻，故D项正确。4What can be the best title for the text? ATube Chat or Not BLonely Travel in the London Tube CSilence on the Tube DTube Passengers Wearing Badges答案与解析：A考查标题判断。通读全文可知，文章第二段介绍Dunne和他的“Tube chat”运动引起了世界各种媒体的关注；第三段介绍一些人持不同的观点；最后一段建议如果要跟陌生人打招呼，先看看他有没有徽章。据此可以判断，文章主要介绍了人们对于是否在伦敦地铁相互交谈持不同的观点，故A项最能概括文意。BWhat is the first thing you notice when you walk into a shop? The products displayed at the entrance? Or the soft background music?But have you ever notice the smell? Unless it is bad, the answer is likely to be no. But while a shops scent may not be outstanding pared with sights and sounds, it is certainly there. And it is providing to be an increasing powerful tool in encouraging people to purchase.A brand store has bee famous for its distinctive scent which floats through the fairly dark hall and out to the entrance, via scent machines. A smell may be attractive but it may not just be used for freshening air. One sports goods pany once reported that when it first introduced scent into its stores, customers intension to purchase increased by 80 percent.When it es to the best shopping streets in Pairs, scent is just as important to a brands success as the quality of its window displays and goods on sale. That is mainly because shopping is a very different experience to what it used to be.Now the rise of electronic merce (e-merce)has opened up famous brands to a wider audience. But while e-shops can use sights and sounds, only bricks-and-mortar shops(实体店)can offer a full experience from the minute customers step through the door to the moment they leave. Another brand store seeks to be much more than a shop, but rather a destination. And scent is just one way to achieve this.Now, a famous store uses plex man-made smell to make sure that the soft scent of baby powder floats through the kid department, and coconut scent in the swimsuit section. A department store has even opened a new lab, inviting customers on a journey into the stores windows to smell books, pots and drawers, in search of their perfect scent.1. According to the passage, what is an increasingly powerful tool in the success of some brand store?A.Friendly assistant.B.Unique scents.C.Soft background musicD.Attractive window display.2. E-shops are mentioned in the passage to _ .A. show the advantages of brick-and-mortar storesB. urge shop assistants to change their attitudeC. push stores to use sights and soundsD. introduce the rise of e-merce3. Which statement would the writer agree with?A.Put different shop on the products on display.B.Ask every shop assistant to wear light perfume.C.Place fragrant flowers in the shopD.Expose some coffee bean to air inside a coffee shop.4. The main purpose of the passage is to _ .A. pare and evaluateB. examine and assessC. inform and explainD. argue and discuss【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了采用香味提高销售量的理念。文章讲述了香味对于传统实体店的影响。各大品牌店都加强了味觉对顾客消费欲求的刺激，并根据商品不同调节香味。1. B【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段But while a shops scent may not be outstanding pared with sights and sounds, it is certainly there. And it is providing to be an increasing powerful tool in encouraging people to purchase.可知，一些商店的成功中，独特的香味起着重要的作用。故选B。3. D【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段的句子A brand store has bee famous for its distinctive scent which floats through the fairly dark hall and out to the entrance, via scent machines. A smell may be attractive but it may not just be used for freshening air.可知，作者认为气味在商店的成功方面起着重要的作用，所以他认为咖啡店应该将咖啡豆暴露于空气中。故选D。4. C【解析】主旨大意题。这篇文章主要是告诉读者香味对购物心理的影响，所以重在介绍和解释香味对于实体店的影响。故选C。二、七选五(2017长沙市高中毕业生五月供题) Its easy to talk yourself out of exercising. Even when you have the best intentions to work out, excuses are so easy to find“Im too tired” or “Im busy” or “The weather is bad”. Dont worry! _1_ Take baby steps. You would never try to run 10 miles on one day, right? When you do too much too soon, youll end up injured and discouraged. Take it easy as you get started. Maybe you only run a quarter of a mile during your first week. _2_ Show the clock who is boss. Health experts say you should aim for at least 150 minutes of exercise a week, plus weight training at least twice a week. If you work too late to get to a gym, keep a set of weights at home. If you cant do 30 minutes at once, break it up into 10 or 15minute sections. _3_ Your workout should be just as much a habit as brushing your teeth or eating breakfast. When its part of your routine, you wont even have to think about it. In a few months, fitness can be regular in your day. Keep it real. Youre not going to shake off 30 pounds in a week. _4_ For example, increase your workout schedule from 2 to 3 days a week, or exercise for 15 more minutes each time. Celebrate! _5_ Therefore, even a pound of weight loss or a pound of muscle gain is the reason to reward yourself. Go out with friends, or buy a new pair of jeans. AGet used to it. BDo it for yourself. CIt takes weeks to see real changes. DKeep a fitness journal to record your progress. EAim for something thats realistic as a first step. FThe following tricks can keep your fitness routine on track. GWhen it bees easy for you, you can make it more challenging.【文章大意】本文主要介绍了能使自己坚持锻炼的几条建议。【难句分析】When you do too much too soon, youll end up injured and discouraged.分析：本句是一个复合句。When引导状语从句；injured and discouraged是形容词，在句中作主语补足语。译文：当你锻炼强度太大，太频繁，你会身体受伤，情绪受挫。1答案与解析：F根据空前的不去运动的借口以及下文的建议可知，空处在文中起到了承上启下的过渡作用，所以选F项。2答案与解析：G根据本段的主题句“Take baby steps.”及上文的“Take it easy as you get started. Maybe you only run a quarter of a mile during your first week.”可推知，你可以循序渐进，逐步挑战更大强度的锻炼，所以选G项。3答案与解析：A根据空后的“Your workout should be just as much a habit as brushing your teeth or eating breakfast.”可推知，要养成锻炼的习惯，并自觉去做，所以选A项。4答案与解析：E根据空前的“Keep it real. Youre not going to shake off 30 pounds in a week.”可知，锻炼的目标要现实可行，所以选E项。5答案与解析：C根据空后的“Therefore, even a pound of weight loss or a pound of muscle gain is the reason to reward yourself.”可推知，锻炼的效果并不会立竿见影，只要有效就值得庆贺，所以选C项。三、短文改错Dear John，Im so pleased to receive your email.I feel exciting to know you dream being a professional football player.I am looking forward to see an international football star，John.Im surely you will succeed.As for me，teaching was my dream job.The reason for this is why I would like to share my knowledges with my students and help them solve problems.Besides，staying with students helps to keep me young.To realize my dream，I have to devote me to my study and enter an normal university.What will you do for your dream and who is your most favorite football player?Yours，Li Hua【答案】Dear John，Im so pleased to receive your email.I feel to know you dream being a professional football player.I am looking forward to an international football star，John.Im you will succeed.As for me，teaching my dream job.The reason for this is I would like to share my with my students and help them solve problems.Besides，staying with students helps to keep me young.To realize my dream，I have to devote to my study and enter normal university.What will you do for your dream and who is your favorite football player?Yours，Li Hua第一处：考查形容词。此处修饰主语“I”，指人，应用excited。第二处：考查固定搭配。dream of/about doing sth.意为“梦想做某事”，为固定搭配。第三处：考查非谓语动词。look forward to doing sth.意为“期望做某事”，为固定用法。第四处：考查形容词。根据“Im”可知，动词be后应接形容词作表语。第五处：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。全文用的是一般现在时；且主语为“teaching”，所以应把was改为is。第六处：考查名词性从句。此处引导表语从句，从句中不缺成分，故用连词that。第七处：考查名词复数。knowledge是不可数名词，没有复数形式。第八处：考查代词。devote oneself to sth.意为“致力于某事”；主语为“I”，所以反身代词应用myself。第九处：考查冠词。normal的读音不以辅音音素开头；且此处泛指进入一所普通的大学。故用不定冠词a。第十处：考查形容词的比较等级。favourite意为“最喜欢的”，无比较等级或最高级形式，所以去掉most。四、语法填空(2018沈阳市下学期高三第三次模拟考试试题)Visitors to Britain may find the most marvelous place _1_ (enjoy) the local culture is in a traditional pub. But newers may get _2_ trouble in these friendly pubs. Strangers may start with the difficulty of getting _3_ drink. Most pubs have no _4_ (wait) you have to go to the bar to buy drinks. This may sound _5_ (convenience), but English people are used to doing so.Pub culture is formed to help people get along with each other. Standing at the bar for _6_ (serve) allows you to chat with others waiting for drinks. The bar counter is _7_ (possible) the only place in Britain.Though a friendly conversation with strangers is considered to be entirely proper and really quite normal, however, if you do not follow the local rules, you may fail to feel the local culture. For example, if you _8_ (be) in a big group, it is best for one or two people to go to buy the drinks. Nothing makes the regular customers and bar staff _9_ (angry) than a group of strangers _10_ (stand) in front of the bar while they chat and wonder what to order.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，讲的是英国的酒馆文化。1答案与解析：to enjoy考查非谓语动词。被修饰的名词前有最高级修饰时，非谓语动词充当后置定语常用不定式，故用to enjoy。2答案与解析：into考查介词。固定搭配get into trouble表示“陷入麻烦”，与后面一句中的difficulty相照应，所以填into。3答案与解析：a考查冠词。drink这里表示“一杯酒，一份酒精饮料”，是可数名词，前面加不定冠词，表示泛指，故用a。4答案与解析：waiters考查名词。根据破折号后的“you have to go to the bar to buy drinks”可知，这样的酒馆是没有服务员(waiters)的，waiter是可数名词，no常修饰可数名词的复数形式，故用waiters。5答案与解析：inconvenient考查形容词。sound在这里表示“听起来”，后面加形容词充当表语，说明主语的性质、特点，根据上面一句可知，没有服务员，需要自己去买饮料，这给人的感觉是不方便的(inconvenient)。6答案与解析：service考查名词。介词后面加名词，service表示“服务”，符合语境。7答案与解析：possibly考查副词。此处应用副词possibly作状语。8答案与解析：are考查时态。if引导条件状语从句常用一般现在时代替一般将来时，主语是you，故用are。9答案与解析：angrier考查比较级。根据空后的than并结合语境可知，这里表示比较，故用angry的比较级形式angrier。10答案与解析：standing考查非谓语动词。此处现在分词与被修饰词strangers构成主谓关系，因此用非谓语动词standing。
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