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第10讲形容词与副词1Despite the poor service of the hotel，the manager is to invest in sufficient training for his staff.(2018江苏，34)Akeen BreluctantCanxious Dready答案B解析考查形容词词义辨析。句意为：虽然宾馆的服务很差，但经理仍然不愿意投资对员工进行充分的培训。reluctant意为“不情愿的”，符合语境。keen渴望的，着迷的；anxious担心的，焦虑的；ready准备好的，愿意的。2Only five years after Steve Jobs death，smart-phones defeated PCs in sales.(2017江苏，29)Acontroversial BcontradictoryCconfidential Dconventional答案D解析考查形容词词义辨析。句意为：仅仅在史蒂夫乔布斯去世五年之后，智能手机的销售额就打败了传统的个人电脑。语境提到smart-phones(智能手机)，与之对应的PCs(personal puters)应该用形容词conventional修饰，表示“传统的”。controversial有争议的；contradictory自相矛盾的；confidential机密的。故选D。3The disappearance of dinosaurs is not necessarily caused by astronomical incidents.But explanations are hard to find.(2017江苏，34)Aalternative BaggressiveCambiguous Dapparent答案A解析考查形容词词义辨析。句意为：恐龙的灭绝不一定是因为天体的碰撞，但也难以找到别的解释。空格处与前面的“未必”(not necessarily)呼应，这里用alternative表示“另外的，可替代的”。aggressive好斗的，挑衅的；ambiguous模棱两可的，不明确的；apparent显而易见的，明白的。4I want to see Mr White.We have an appointment.Im sorry，but he is not at the moment，for the meeting hasnt ended.(2017天津，3)Abusy BactiveCconcerned Davailable答案D解析考查形容词词义辨析。句意为：我想见怀特先生。我们已经约好了。很抱歉，但是此刻他没空，因为会议还没有结束。available可表示“(人)有空的”，符合语境。busy忙碌的；active活跃的；concerned担忧的。5A sudden stop can be a very frightening experience， if you are travelling at high speed.(2016浙江，13)Aeventually BstrangelyCmerely Despecially答案D解析考查副词词义辨析。句意为：突然停下来可能是一次非常可怕的经历，尤其是你正在高速行驶时。especially特别，尤其，符合语境。eventually最终；strangely奇怪地；merely仅仅，只。6I have always enjoyed all the events you organized and I hope to attend in the ing years.(2016浙江，18)Alittle more Bno moreCmuch more Dmany more答案D解析考查比较级。句意为：我一直喜欢你组织的所有活动，希望在未来几年里能参加更多的活动。many more后省略了events。根据句意可知选D。7The police officers decided to conduct a thorough and review of the case.(2015江苏，31)Aprehensive BplicatedCconscious Dcrucial答案A解析考查形容词词义辨析。句意为：警官们决定对该案件进行一次彻底、详尽的审查。prehensive综合的，详尽的；plicated复杂的；conscious有意识的；crucial至关重要的。根据and判断，所填词和thorough(彻底的，细致的)意思相近。故选A项。8Most of us，if we know even a little about where our food es from，understand that every bite put into our mouths was alive.(2015浙江，13)Asteadily BinstantlyCformerly Dpermanently答案C解析考查副词词义辨析。句意为：我们大多数人，如果对食物来源多少知道一点点的话，就会明白我们嘴里的每一口食物从前都是有生命的。formerly以前，从前，符合语境。steadily稳固地，坚定地，不动摇地；instantly立刻，马上；permanently永久地，长期不变地。9The idea “happiness，” ，will not sit still for easy definition.(2014江苏，28)Ato be rigid Bto be sureCto be perfect Dto be fair答案B解析考查动词不定式短语意义辨析。to be rigid刻板地说，死板地说；to be sure诚然，的确，无可否认；to be perfect完美地说，说得完美些；to be fair公平而言，说句公道话。本句主干是The idea “happiness” will not sit still for easy definition.，其意思是：给“幸福”这一概念下定义远非易事。根据四个动词不定式短语的意义和句子主干的意思，我们可以选择B项to be sure。综合考虑可知题干句意为：诚然，给“幸福”这一概念下定义远非易事。10Thanks for your directions to the house；we wouldnt have found it .(2014江西，23)Anowhere BhoweverCotherwise Dinstead答案C解析考查副词词义辨析。nowhere无处；however然而；otherwise否则，要不然；instead反而。句意为：谢谢你为我们指路，要不然我们找不到那所房子。故C项正确。11After the long journey，the three of them went back home， .Ahungry and tiredlyBhungry and tiredChungrily and tiredlyDhungrily and tired答案B解析句意为：经过长途跋涉后，这三个人回到了家，又累又饿。此处形容词短语作状语，表示主语的状态。故选B项。诊断报告考向对应题号我的薄弱环节1形容词与副词的词义辨析1,2,3,4,5,7,82形容词和副词的比较等级63形容词作状语11 4连接副词辨析105形容词和副词短语辨析9解题方法1形容词词义辨析法形容词的考查在高考试题中比较多，具体在解答试题时要根据具体的语境辨析所给选项。2副词词义辨析法副词的考查在高考试题中也比较多，具体在解答试题时要根据具体的语境辨析所给选项。具体来说，要注意：(1)一些副词的具体含义；(2)一些副词在具体句子中的辨析。考点1形容词与副词的词义辨析1His prehensive surveys have provided the most statements of how，and on what basis，data are collected.(2016江苏，31)Aexplicit BambiguousCoriginal Darbitrary 答案A解析考查形容词词义辨析。句意为：他全面的调查提供了关于如何收集信息及在什么基础上收集信息的最清楚明确的说明。explicit清楚的，明晰的，详述的；ambiguous模棱两可的，含糊不清的；original起初的，原来的；arbitrary任意的，随心所欲的。2They gave money to the old peoples home either or through their panies.(2015安徽，31)Alegally BsincerelyCpersonally Ddeliberately答案C解析考查副词词义辨析。句意为：他们或者个人或者通过他们的公司给敬老院捐款。legally合法地，法律上；sincerely真诚地；personally亲自，当面，个别地，就自己而言；deliberately故意地，谨慎地，慎重地。根据through their panies可知personally为正确答案。考点归纳解决词义辨析题的关键是牢记某些高频词的词义，掌握词义的有效办法就是通过语境去记忆，通过背诵句子来记忆词汇的音、形、义。1Did he break it accidentally (by accident/by chance)?No，purposely (on purpose)他是不小心把它打碎了吗？不是，是故意地。2Search your heart and ask if youre equally to blame.扪心自问，你是不是同样也应该受到谴责。3Im especially (particularly) fond of pop songs.我尤其喜欢流行音乐。4Eventually (Finally)，he made it.他终于成功了。创设语境牢记下列高考高频词汇：increasingly，largely，meanwhile，merely，pletely，partly，practically，rarely，accessible，accurate，adaptable，addicted，adorable，affordable，aggressive，alternative，apparent，artificial，available，casual，cautious，plex，confident，constant，contradictory，controversial，dramatic，effective，flexible，frequent，individual，inevitable，optional，permanent，potential，relevant，skeptical，secure，sensitive，responsible，subtle，transparent，unique等。考点2形容词与副词的比较等级1Andy is content with the toy.It is he has ever got.(2015四川，7)Aa better Bthe betterCa best Dthe best答案D解析考查形容词的最高级。句意为：安迪对这个玩具很满意。这是他得到的最好的玩具。根据he has ever got可以推知这是“他得到的最好的玩具”。故选D。 2Its said that the power plant is now large as what it was.Atwice as Bas twiceCtwice much Dmuch twice答案A解析句意为：据说这个发电厂现在是以前的两倍大。倍数表达法有多种，此处考查的是“倍数词as形容词/副词原级as其他”结构。故选A。考点归纳(一)形容词与副词的比较级1比较级的修饰语常见的有：rather，much，still，even，far，any(用于否定句或疑问句)，a lot，a little，a great deal，by far，a bit等。2比较级than .“比更”；less .than“不如”3the比较级，the比较级“越，越”4the比较级of (the)名词/代词“(两者中)较的”(1)Goods imported from abroad are not always even better than those made in China.Yes.Some of the goods made in our country are of high quality.国外进口的货物并不一定比中国做得更好。没错。我们国家生产的一些商品质量很好。(2)Its believed that the harder you work，the better result youll get.人们相信，工作越努力，得到的结果将越好。(二)形容词与副词的最高级1三者或三者以上的比较用最高级。2最高级的修饰语常见的有：序数词，by far，nearly，almost，by no means，not really，not quite，nothing like等。3“否定词比较级”表示最高级意义。(1)The happiest are not those who own all the best things，but those who can appreciate the beauty of life.最幸福的人们并不是拥有最好的东西的人，而是那些懂得欣赏生活的美好的人。(2)I cant agree with you more，but we cant afford the money.我非常同意你的观点，但我们负担不起这笔费用。(三)表示倍数的几个句型1倍数as形容词/副词原级as.2倍数形容词/副词比较级than.3倍数the性质名词(size/length/height等)of.4The名词be倍数what从句5The名词be倍数that/those of.(1)The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be three times as big as the present one.为迎接下一届亚运会而正在修建的体育场将是现在的三倍大。(2)Mr Hilton is very pleased with the newly-built house，which is almost twice the size of the one he used to live in.希尔顿先生对新建的房子很满意，这个房子几乎是他过去居住房子的两倍大。考点3形容词作状语Could you please explain the assignment for Monday，Miss Smith?Certainly.Read the next chapter and e to class to discuss what youve read.Apreparing BpreparedCto prepare Dto be prepared答案B解析句意为：史密斯小姐，请说明一下周一的任务好吗？当然可以。阅读下一章，来上课的时候准备好讨论你所读的内容。根据句子结构可知设空处应为状语，表示状态。此处prepared为过去分词转换为形容词，强调状态，说明到学校的时候已经准备好了。考点归纳(1)Having been out of touch with his parents for two years，Jones returned home，safe and sound.与父母失去联系两年后，琼斯安然无恙地回到了家中。(2)Scared and alone，Joshua one day makes friends with a little mouse he calls Bethlehem who bees his closest friend.由于害怕和孤独，一天乔舒亚和一只被他叫作伯利恒的小老鼠成为朋友，之后那只小老鼠成了他最亲密的朋友。考点4连接副词辨析Its our hope that we will play a greater role in the market place and， ，supply more jobs.(2014安徽，33)Ahowever BanywhereCtherefore Dotherwise答案C解析考查副词词义辨析。句意为：我们希望的是，我们能在市场发挥更大的作用，因此，提供更多的就业机会。however然而，表转折关系；anywhere无论何处，表条件；therefore因此，表因果关系；otherwise否则，表相反的结果。根据句意选C。考点归纳1表示增补：besides，further，then，similarly，likewise，moreover2表示等同：similarly，likewise，equally3表示对比：rather，oppositely4表示概括：altogether，generally5表示列举：first(ly)，second(ly)，finally6表示条件：otherwise7表示让步：however，still，yet，nevertheless，though，anyway8表示结果：therefore，consequently，accordingly，thus9表示时间过渡：meanwhile，sometimes，occasionally10表示同位关系：namely11表示着重特指：mainly，mostly，particularly，especially考点5形容词与副词短语辨析What did you do last weekend?Oh，nothing .(2014大纲全国，35)Amuch BelseCever Dyet 答案A解析句意为：上周末你干什么了？哦，没(干)什么事。nothing much和nothing else是固定短语，nothing much意为“没什么事”，nothing else意为“没有别的东西，没有别的事情”；nothing不和ever构成固定短语，但可以一起用在句中，表示“没有什么事情曾经”；nothing和yet也不能构成固定短语，但也可以同时出现在句中。由语境可知，此处显然是表示“没什么事”。故A项正确。考点归纳1to be sure诚然，无疑to be rigid刻板地说，死板地说to be perfect完美地说to be fair公平而言to be frank坦率地讲2good/nice and.很，非常，完全3much lessstill less(承接前述否定内容)更不用说still more还有更多；更进一步4so much the better那样更好for better or (for) worse不论是好是坏，不论是福是祸5Not a/one (little) bit！一点也不！6last but not leastlast but by no means least最后但同样很重要的是1Since we have been friends for many years，no more of this fancy playing with wordsI want some talk here.Astraight BinformalCfluent Dconcrete答案A解析句意为：我们多年来一直是朋友，不要再玩文字游戏了，我想(和你)坦率地谈谈。straight 坦率的，正直的，笔直的；informal非正式的； fluent 流利的；concrete具体的。根据句意可知答案为A。2John had planned to make a promise，but he changed his mind at the last minute? (2018泰州中学高三上期中，32)Aanyhow BotherwiseCtherefore Dsomehow答案D解析句意为：约翰打算妥协的，但是不知道什么缘故，在最后几分钟，他改变了主意。anyhow无论如何；otherwise否则；therefore因此；somehow不知道什么缘故。故选D。3Dont always put me on the spot like this.You know，because of my duty，I cant give away information to you.(2018泰州中学高三上期中，24)Acontemporary BconventionalCconfidential Dconsistent答案C解析句意为：别总是让我为难，你知道由于我的职责，我不能给你机密资料的。contemporary同时代的；conventional传统的；confidential保密的；consistent 一致的。根据语境得知泄露机密让我很为难。故选C。4Shes added a few characters and changed some names but this is a true story.Apletely BnecessarilyCgradually Dessentially答案D解析句意为：她加了几个角色，改了几个名字。但基本上，这是个真实的故事。pletely完全地；necessarily必然地；gradually渐渐地；essentially本质上地。根据句意可知选D。5Pablo is a(n) person.At parties，he always spends time talking to anyone who looks nervous and out of place.Aconservative BenthusiasticCsensitive Dstubborn答案B解析句意为：巴勃罗是个热心的人。在聚会上，他总是花时间和那些看上去紧张不安的人交谈。enthusiastic热情的，热心的，符合句意。conservative保守的；sensitive敏感的；stubborn固执的，均与句意不符。6Theres little chance that we will succeed in changing our fate. ，it is important that we try.AMeanwhile BNeverthelessCOtherwise DTherefore答案B解析句意为：我们能成功改变命运的机会不大，虽然如此，试一试还是很重要的。nevertheless然而，不过，虽然如此，符合句意。meanwhile同时，其间；otherwise否则，另外；therefore因此，所以。故选B项。7Many a student has a opinion of him.But he is spoken of by the leaders.Abad；worse Bbadly；highlyCbad；more Dbad；better答案D解析句意为：很多学生对他印象不好。但是领导对他评价好很多。把领导的意见和学生的意见作对比。8It was a seemingly impossible task，but Helen，though physically challenged，carried on ，until it was pletely fulfilled.Ainstead ByetCregardless Dstill答案C解析句意为：这好像是不可能的任务，但是海伦，尽管是对体能的挑战，不管怎样都会继续下去直到彻底完成。instead相反；yet还；regardless不管怎样；still仍然。故选C。9To promote a correct understanding of the Basic Law，we need the courage to clarify some points of view and to put the system into practice.(2017苏州调研，22)Aartificial BarbitraryCambiguous Dabsolute答案C解析句意为：为了促进对基本法的正确理解，我们需要勇气来阐明一些模棱两可的观点，并将这种体制付诸实施。ambiguous模糊的，模棱两可的，符合句意。artificial人工的，人造的，矫揉造作的；arbitrary武断的，任意的；absolute绝对的，完全的。故选C。10Sue was greatly inspired though she made improvements in her English writing.(2018南通、徐州等七市联考，24)Amodest BbrilliantCtremendous Dconsiderable答案A解析句意为：尽管苏在她的英语书写上只取得了一点点小的进步，但她仍然备受鼓舞。modest不太大的，微小的；brilliant聪明的；tremendous巨大的；considerable可观的，相当的。故选A。专题强化练(十).单项填空1Currently car insurance is not in the annual inspection；all the vehicles are required to register insurance covering safety and property.Atemporary BoptionalCarbitrary Dconfidential答案B解析句意为：目前汽车保险在年检中不是可有可无的；所有车辆均须办理保险及财产登记。temporary临时的；optional可选择的；arbitrary任意的；confidential机密的。根据句意可知答案为B。2More and more people tend to go to E-libraries in that they have access to books when they are unable to get to a library.(2018南京高淳区、淮海中学、盐城中学、淳辉高中等97校联考，30)Aaccidentally BphysicallyCvoluntarily Dappropriately答案B解析句意为：越来越多的人倾向于去电子图书馆，因为他们在无法去图书馆的时候也能接触到书籍。accidentally偶然地； physically身体上地； voluntarily自愿地，自发地； appropriately适当地。此处指亲身去图书馆，故选B。3Mom，is it really necessary to remove those smaller weeds from the flowerbed?Yes，they are destructive to the flowers.Alittle more Bno lessCnot a bit Dnot in the least答案B解析句意为：妈妈，真的有必要从花坛移除那些较小的杂草吗？是的，它们对鲜花的破坏性是同样的。little more稍多；no less不少于，不亚于，同样，依然；not a bit一点也不；not in the least一点也不，绝不。根据句意可知答案为B。4If they throw stones at you，dont throw back.Use them to build your own foundation .(2017南京三模，27)Asomehow BanywayCinstead Dnevertheless答案C解析句意为：如果他们向你扔石块，别扔回去。相反，用这些石块建造你自己的地基。instead相反，反而，此处相当于instead of throwing back，符合题意。somehow以某种方式，不知怎么地；anyhow无论如何；nevertheless然而，均不符合句意。故选C项。5According to the rule of the game，students should give a truthful answer with the reality of their world.(2018江苏高考压轴，21)Arelevant BflexibleCauthentic Dconsistent答案D解析句意为：根据游戏规则，学生应该给出切合实际的答案。relevant相关的，后面该接to；flexible灵活的；authentic真实的；consistent一致的，consistent with与一致。根据语境判断，故选D。6More employers now offer fresh college graduates jobs，hoping to seek out experienced candidates.(2017镇江一模，33)Acontemporary BtemporaryCpermanent Dprimitive答案B解析句意为：现在更多的雇主给刚毕业的大学生提供临时性的工作，希望能找到有经验的候选人。contemporary现代的，当代的；temporary暂时的，临时的；permanent永久的；primitive原始的。故选B项。7Why cant John land a job in years?Anyone with criminal records will be laid off first when it es time to let staff go.(2017南京三模，28)Arewarding BdemandingCworthwhile Dstable答案D解析句意为：这几年约翰为什么找不到一份稳定的工作？当要解雇员工的时候，有犯罪记录的人会被首先解雇。rewarding值得做的；demanding要求高的，苛求的；worthwhile值得的，重要的；stable稳定的，稳固的。故选D项。8Shortly after the operation，the patients immune system would reject the transplanted organ as a object.(2017南京、盐城一模，28)Afragile BdomesticCtransparent Dforeign答案D解析句意为：手术后不久，病人的免疫系统就会对移植的器官产生异质排斥反应。foreign异质的，外来的，符合句意。fragile易碎的，脆弱的；domestic国内的，家庭的，驯养的；transparent透明的，清澈的，明晰的，显而易见的。9Parents sometimes provide target models for children in their everyday activities，so they should mind their behavior.Asmoothly BdesperatelyCambiguously Dunintentionally答案D解析smoothly顺利地；desperately绝望地；ambiguously含糊不清地；unintentionally无意地，非故意地。句意为：父母在他们的日常活动中有时无意中就会成为孩子们模仿的对象，所以他们应该注意自己的行为举止。故选D。10It is now so convenient to surf the Internet，so more and more people bee about online trading.Aconcerned BcautiousCenthusiastic Dpessimistic答案C解析句意为：现在上网如此方便，因此越来越多的人热衷于网上交易。concerned有关的，担心的；cautious十分小心的，谨慎的；enthusiastic热心的，狂热的；pessimistic悲观的。be enthusiastic about.对热心。11Now both sides are reluctant to promise，so were in desperate need of a solution to both parties.Asubject BessentialCfamiliar Dacceptable答案D解析句意为：现在双方都不愿让步，所以我们急需一个令双方都能接受的解决方案。根据句意可知，acceptable可接受的，令人满意的，符合语境。subject可能受影响的，易遭受的；essential必不可少的，极其重要的；familiar熟悉的。12The opponent made no remarks on the conflict and we， ，were adopting a wait-and-see attitude.Ainstead BsomehowChowever Dmeanwhile答案D解析句意为：对方对此次冲突没有发表评论，与此同时我们也持观望的态度。根据句意可知，meanwhile同时，与此同时，符合语境。instead相反，而不是；somehow不知怎么地；however然而，但是。13The road was so that all buses and coaches to and from the city center were interrupted until the ice melted.Asteep BsmoothCshabby Dslippery答案D解析句意为：道路是如此滑以至于来往于市中心的所有公共汽车和长途公共汽车都停运了，直到冰融化。根据句意可知，slippery滑的，滑得抓不住(或站不稳、难以行走)的，符合语境。steep陡峭的；smooth平坦的，平滑的；shabby破败的，破旧的。14I cant thank you much because without your help I wouldnt have won the first prize.Atoo BveryCthat Dso答案A解析句意为：我再怎么感激你也不过分，因为没有你的帮助我不可能赢得一等奖。cannot do something too much再怎么做某事也不过分。15Children are to meet with setbacks(挫折) as they grow up so their parents dont have to worry about it.Apossible BdueCnecessary Dbound答案D解析句意为：孩子在成长过程中肯定会遇到挫折，因此他们的父母没必要为此担心。be bound to do一定要；注定。符合语境。.阅读理解AThe Google Doodle has bee a regular event，where the search engine will change the logo on its homepage to celebrate holidays and the anniversaries of famous people and events.August 30th,1998：The first Google Doodle was born，as founders Sergey Brin and Larry Page head to the Burning Man Festival in the Nevada desert.They inserted the festivals stick-man symbol behind the search engines logo as a jokey out of office message.May 21st,2010：Googles celebration of Pac-Mans logo became so wildly popular that the interactive logo was eventually given its own permanent page.June 9th,2011：A playable guitar in celebration of Les Pauls birthday received the most popularity of all time.Over 48 hours US users created 5.1 years of musicover 40 million tracks.June 23rd,2012：In memoration of Alan Turings 100th birthday，Googles logo became an interactive Turing Machine.November 23rd,2013：Googles logo changed to a playable simplistic Doctor Who game in honor of the shows 50th anniversary.May 19th,2014：For the 40th anniversary of the Rubiks cube(魔方)，Google made an interactive virtual Rubiks Cube that people could try to solve.December 17th,2015：A Google Doodle was featured honoring the 245th anniversary of Beethovens baptism.October 30th,2016：For Halloween，Google added a game featuring a cat named Momo，who defends ghosts.September 4th,2017：To celebrate the 83rd birthday of Russian baritone singer Eduard Khil，Google added a video doodle that featured an animated Eduard Khil singing.语篇解读本文是一篇应用文。谷歌涂鸦是为了庆祝节日以及著名人物和事件的纪念日而设计的，本文主要列举了一些具有代表性的谷歌涂鸦。16Which is the most popular Google Doodle ever?AThe one featuring a guitar.BThe one featuring Pac-Man.CThe one featuring a Rubiks cube.DThe one featuring a stick-man symbol.答案A解析细节理解题。根据第四段中的“A playable guitar in celebration of Les Pauls birthday received the most popularity of all time.”可知，这个以能弹奏的吉他为特色的涂鸦是有史以来最受欢迎的谷歌涂鸦。故选A。17What can we learn about the Google Doodle?AIt helps popularize the Internet.BIt improves peoples taste in music.CIt adds interest to culture skillfully.DIts designed by people from all walks of life.答案C解析推理判断题。根据文中的“A playable guitar in celebration of Les Pauls birthday received the most popularity of all time.Over 48 hours US users created 5.1 years of music”“For the 40th anniversary of the Rubiks cube(魔方)，Google made an interactive virtual Rubiks Cube that people could try to solve.”“For Halloween，Google added a game featuring a cat named Momo，who defends ghosts.”等信息可知，谷歌涂鸦巧妙地给文化增加了趣味性。故选C。BWhen you go to the doctor，you receive a diagnosis(诊断) and a treatment plan.However，with the continued use of technology in health care，the process of diagnosing and treating patients has changed by being more efficient and precise，providing better care for patients.The future of health care is being shaped by the new technologies that are to be used in the diagnoses and treatments of patients.By 2018,30%of medical equipment providers will be incorporating technology in their practice of medicine.Many technology panies are beginning to develop the technology that will be used to improve medical care，including IBM.Artificial Intelligence(AI) can help doctors analyze a patients symptoms and offer the best treatment.With new advancements in medical technology，it makes receiving medical care faster and more accurate.Technology panies provide the data analysis tools that are necessary to analyze the efficiency of the health care system，which makes the care better and more efficient and improves the quality of car
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