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1.3 Travel journal单元知识预览项目单词及其词性变化（语法填空必备）重点单词1journal n日记；杂志；定期刊物journalist n记者2transport n. & vt.运输；运送transportation n交通工具3prefer vt.更喜欢；选择某事物(而不选择其他事物)preferable adj.较适合的；更可取的preference n偏爱；爱好；喜爱4disadvantage n不利条件；不便之处advantage(反义词)5persuade vt.说服；劝说persuasion n劝服persuasive adj.劝说的；有说服力的6graduate vi.毕业n.大学毕业生graduation n毕业7finally adv.最后；终于8schedule n时间表；进度表 vt.为某事安排时间9stubborn adj.顽固的；固执的10organize vt.组织；成立organized adj.有组织的organization n组织11determine vt.决定；确定；下定决心determined adj.坚决的；有决心的determination n决心12journey n旅行；旅程13bend n弯；拐角 vt. (bent, bent)使弯曲vi.弯身；弯腰14attitude n态度；看法15forecast n. & vt.预测；预报16reliable adj.可信赖的；可靠的17view n风景；视野；观点；见解 vt.观看；注视；考虑18beneath prep.在下面重点短语1ever since从那以后 2be fond of 喜欢3care about 关心；担心 4change ones mind 改变主意5make up ones mind 下定决心 6give in(to) 投降；屈服7as usual 通常；照常 8at midnight 在午夜9dream about doing 梦想干某事10graduate from 从毕业11at an altitude of 在高度 12put up a tent 搭起帐篷13for one thing，.for another 一方面，另一方面14cant/can hardly wait todo sth. 迫不及待地干某事经典句型（高考书面表达必备）1Eversince middle school, my sister Wang Wei and I have dreamed about taking a great bike trip.从高中起，我姐姐王薇和我就一直梦想作一次伟大的自行车旅行。2Itwas my sister who first had the idea to cycle along the entire Mekong River from where it begins to where it ends. 首先想到要沿湄公河从源头到终点骑车旅行的是我的姐姐。3When I told her the air would behardtobreathe and it would be very cold, she said it would be an interesting experience.当我告诉她那里空气稀薄，呼吸困难而且天气很冷时，她却说这将是一次有趣的经历。4Once she has made up her mind, nothing can change it.她一旦下定决心，什么也不能使她改变。5A determined person always tries to finish the job, nomatterhow hard it is.有决心的人总是努力完成工作的，而不管它有多难。必备语法（高级句型）名词性从句（2）晨读范文背诵2018全国卷假定你是李华,你的英国朋友Peter来信询问你校学生体育运动情况。请给他回信,内容包括:1.学校的体育场馆;2.主要的运动项目;3.你喜欢的项目。注意:1.词数100左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。【参考范文】Dear Peter,Im glad to hear from you and Id like to have a simple reply to your question about students sports in my school.There is a big playground in my school, where many sports activities used to be held there. But now it hasnt been able to satisfy students requirements of sports, so a big stadium is being built up near the playground. Soon lots of main sports projects such as basketball, table tennis and volleyball matches in my school can be held there and we will have an opportunity to have all kinds of exercise, even though its rainy. Im crazy about playing table tennis and my dream is to be a national table tennis player in the future.What about students sports in your school? And what is the sport you like best? Im looking forward to your reply.Yours sincerely,Li Hua语言知识精析重点单词精讲考点1prefer vt. 更喜欢【教材原句】Which kind of transport do you prefer to use: bus or train?【例句研读】(1)I prefer to walk (walking) there.我_步行去那儿。（1）宁愿(2)He said he preferred the country to the city.他说城市和乡村_，他_喜欢乡村。 （2）相比更【归纳拓展】preference n. 偏爱 prefer sth. 更喜欢某事物prefer to do /doing sth. 更喜欢做某事prefer (doing) sth. to (doing) sth.prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.宁愿做而不做/相比更喜欢做prefer sb. to do sth. 宁愿某人做某事prefer that sb. (should) do sth.提示：1.prefer 是“更喜欢”的意思，即 like better, 因此 prefer 不能再与 better, more 等比较级词语连用。【即时巩固】根据句意完成句子(1)She prefers _ to _.跳舞和唱歌相比，她更喜欢跳舞。(2)The soldier preferred _ rather than _.这位战士宁死不屈。(3)Id prefer you _ there alone.我倒希望你不要单独去那儿。(4)We prefer that they (_) _ it in a different way.我们倒希望他们用一种不同的方法去做。 【答案】（1）dancing；singing （2）to die；give in （3）not to go（4）（should）do考点2persuade vt. 劝说；说服【教材原句】Two years ago she bought an expensive mountain bike and then she persuaded me to buy one.两年前，她买了一辆昂贵的山地自行车，然后还说服我买了一辆（山地车）。【例句研读】(1)I have never persuaded him into taking others advice.我从没_过他听从别人的劝告。 （1）说服(2)She tried to persuade him to change his mind.她试图_。 （2）劝他改变主意(3)How can I persuade you of my sincerity?How can I persuade you that I am sincere?我怎样才能_我的诚意呢？ （3）使你相信【归纳拓展】persuasion n. 说服；信服；信念persuasive adj. 有说服力的；令人信服的persuade sb. to do sth.persuade sb. into doing sth.说服某人做某事persuade sb. not to do sth.persuade sb. out of doing sth.说服某人不做某事try to persuade sb. to do sth.advise sb. to do sth.尽力劝说某人做某事(但未必劝服)persuade sb. of sth. 使某人相信persuade sb.that 从句 使某人相信【词语辨析】比较：persuade/advise(1)advise 表示“劝告”的动作，不看结果，而 persuade 强调“已经说服”； advise 可接动词的ing 形式做宾语，也可接 that 引导的宾语从句(必须用虚拟语气 “should动词原形”)，而 persuade 不能。(2)persuade 还有“使人相信”的意思，搭配 persuade sb. of sth. 和 that 从句，而 advise 无此用法【即时巩固】(1)I _ with my English.我已说服他帮助我学习英语。(2)Ive _ drinking by _ many times.通过多次劝告，我说服他戒了酒。(3) Alice trusts you ; only you can_her to give up the foolish idea. Ainsist Badvise Csuffer Dpersuade 考点3determine vt.&vi. 决定；确定；(使)下定决心【教材原句】She gave me a determined lookthe kind that said she would not change her mind.她给了我一个坚定的眼神这种眼神表明她是不会改变主意的。【例句研读】(1)Ine determines ones standard of living.收入决定一个人的生活水平。(2)I have determined on/upon going to the countryside after graduation. 我已决定毕业后到农村去。(3)He firmly determined to rise in the world whatever it took.他下定决心无论如何都要出人头地。【归纳拓展】determined adj. 坚决的；有决心的 determination n. 决心determinen./pron. 决(确)定某事 determine on/upon. 决定determine to do sth. 决定做某事(表示动作，非延续性动词短语)be determined to do sth. 决心做某事(表示状态，可与表示时间段的状语连用)determine sb. to do sth. 使某人下决心做某事determine that/be determined that. 决心/定做某事【即时巩固】(1)She determined that she _ never _ him again.她下决心再也不要见到他。(2)We _ catch up with them in a month.我们下定决心一个月内赶上他们。(3)The teachers encouraging words_. 老师鼓舞的话使他决心努力学习。 选择填空（4）_ to train his daughter in English, he put an ad like this in the paper, “_， an English teacher for a tenyearold girl.”ADetermined; wanted BDetermined; wantingCDetermine; wanted DDetermining; wanting【答案】（1）would；see（2）are determined to（3）determined him to work hard（4）A【解析】第一空 determined to do 做状语，表示“下定决心”；第二空 wanted 表示“被需要”。考点4attitude n. 态度；看法【教材原句】Write down Wang Weis and Wang Kuns attitude to the trip写下王伟和王坤对待这次旅行的态度。【例句研读】(1)Whats your attitude _ the plan?你对此计划看法如何？(2)Its not his work that bothers me; its his _.困扰我的不是他的工作，而是他的态度。【答案】（1）to （2）attitude【归纳拓展】take a/anattitude 采取的态度 change ones attitude 改变态度【温馨提示】attitude towards/to sb/sth“对的看法、态度”，是习惯用法，不用介词of。【即时巩固】(1)I have to _ you.我只好改变对你的态度。(2)He _ his school work.他对自己功课的态度很端正。(3)Many foreigners changed their attitude _ Chinese tennis players after Li Na made history in the French Open. Awith Bfor Cof Dto 考点5insist vt.&vi.坚持认为；坚决要求，一定要【教材原句】Although she didnt know the best way of getting to places, she insisted that she organize the trip properly.尽管她对去某些地方的最佳路线并不清楚，她却坚持要自己把这次旅游安排得尽善尽美。【例句研读】（1）You can e back later, if you insist.如果你一定要_，你就稍后再来吧。（1）坚持（2）Mother insisted on our washing the clothes by ourselves. 妈妈_我们自己洗衣服。（2）坚决要求（3）I insisted that we(should)tell this to her.我_我们把这件事告诉她。（3）坚持要求【归纳拓展】insist on sth/doing sth 坚持某事/做某事if you insist 如果你一定要这样【注意】(1)insist后跟that引导的宾语从句表示“坚决要求，坚决主张”时，谓语动词要用“should动词原形”，should可以省略。(2)insist若表示“坚持认为，坚持说”的意思时，宾语从句多用陈述句语气。【即时巩固】(1)He insisted that he _anything.他坚持说他从来没有偷过任何东西。(2)The engineer_having his plan carried out.工程师坚决要求执行他的计划。(3)I insisted that she_with you. 我坚决要求她跟你走。(4)Madame Curie insisted that there_something in nature that gave out radiation.居里夫人坚持认为自然界中有物质能释放出射线。(5)Janes uncle insisted _ in this hotel any longer.Anot staying Bnot to stayCthat he not stay Dstaying not 考点6beneath prep.在下面 adv.在下方；在底下【教材原句】As I lay beneath the stars I thought about how far we had already travelled.当我躺在星空下，我想着我们已经走了多远。【例句研读】(1)在书底下有一张纸。Theres a piece of paper_.(2)他接受的教育不如我。He is _in education.(3)他住在下面一层。He lives on the_.(4)猫正藏在沙发底下。The cat is hiding_.【答案】(1)beneath the book(2) beneath me(3) floor beneath(4) beneath the sofa【归纳拓展】beneath, below与under(1)beneath意为“在下面”，在文学语言中，有时可代替below和under，强调物体间的接触，与on相对。beneath 还可表示“(程度、水平、等级、地位等)比更低”。(2)below表示物体之间不接触，不一定存在垂直的位置关系，与above相对。(3)under表示物体间的关系一定是垂直的，物体间可以不接触，也可接触，与over相对。【即时巩固】用beneath, below或under填空(1)I sat _ a tree and took a rest.(2)The temperature fell _ zero last night.(3)It would be _ him to do that.【答案】(1)under (2)below (3)beneath重点短语精讲考点1care about 关心，在乎【教材原句】Of course, she hadnt; my sister doesnt care about details.当然她并没有看过我的姐姐是不会考虑细节的。【例句研读】(1)He doesnt care much about what happens to me.他不_我所发生的事。（1）太关心(2)Would you care for a drink? 你_喝一杯吗？（2）想(3)The state must care for the families of soldiers killed in the war. 国家必须_阵亡军人家属的生活。（3）照料【归纳拓展】care about 关心，在乎，在意(多用于疑问或否定句)care for 喜欢或喜好某人/物(多用于否定或疑问句)；照顾；照看take care of (look after) 照顾take care 当心；小心with care 小心地medical care 医疗服务【即时巩固】用care, care about与care for的适当形式填空(1)Mr Black，who didnt _ money，never_his salary.(2)Would you _ a cup of coffee?(3)I dont _if I never see her again!(4) Does your wife like tea?Well, she doesnt really _ tea; she likes coffee better. Acare for Bcare Ccare about Dcare of 【答案】(1)care for; cared about (2)care for (3)care（4）A考查情景交际和动词短语。句意：你妻子喜欢喝茶吗？噢，她不怎么喜欢，她更喜欢咖啡。A喜欢，照顾；C关心，担心。这里是“喜欢”的意思，故选A。考点2change ones mind 改变主意【教材原句】She gave me a determined lookthe kind that said she would not change her mind.她给了我一个坚定的眼神这种眼神表明她是不会改变主意的。【例句研读】(1)Since getting to know him better, Ive changed my mind about him.更深入地了解了他以后，我_。 （1）改变了对他的看法(2)Have you made up your mind what to do?你已经_做什么了吗？ （2）拿定主意(3)He will bear/keep the beautiful girl in mind forever.他将永远_那位美丽的姑娘。 （3）记住【归纳拓展】make up ones mind 下定决心 call/bring sth. to mind 回忆起某事lose ones mind 发疯 have a/no mind to do sth. 有/无意做某事fix/keep ones mind upon/on . 把注意力放在bear/keep. in mind 记住have.on ones mind 为某人操心/焦虑 have.in mind 打算；考虑提示：在 change ones mind及 make up ones mind 短语中 mind 均为可数名词，有单复数形式变化。【即时巩固】(1)Im just going to _ (改变主意)when you ask.(2)_ (什么也不会让他改变主意)once he _(他下定决心)(3)I _(无法决定)whether to go or stay at home.(4)Im afraid that she wont e to help me as she promised. Dont worry. Nothing will _ her mind if she has _up her mind. Achange; made Bturn; doneCgrow; given Dmake; changed【答案】(1)change my mind (2)Nothing will change his mind; has made up his mind (3)cant make up my mind 考点3give in 屈服；投降；让步；上交【教材原句】Finally, I had to give in.最后，我只好让步了。【例句研读】(1)He has given in to our views finally.他最终_我们的意见。（1）顺从了(2)Everyone must give in their reports before they leave.每个人在走之前必须_他们的报告书。（2）上交(3)Dont tell her; she is sure to give away all your secrets.不要告诉她，她一定会_你所有的秘密。 （3）泄露【归纳拓展】give in to sb. 对某人让步give away 赠送；泄漏；出卖give back 归还give off 放出；散发出(液体、气体、气味、热量、能量、光、声音)give out 分发；用完；消耗尽，筋疲力尽give up 放弃，戒掉；停止；认输；把送交give over 移交give way to 给让路；屈服；被征服【温馨提示】(1)give in作“屈服，投降，让步”讲时，是不及物动词短语，后面常接介词to, 表示“向某人屈服”。作“交上，呈交”讲时，是及物动词短语，give in sth (或sth in) to sb表示“把某物交给某人”。(2)give up“放弃”，既可作不及物动词短语，也可作及物动词短语。用作及物动词短语时，后面常跟pron./n./doing sth，表示“放弃(做)某事”。 【即时巩固】(1)The police gave _ searching for the missing child.警察放弃寻找那个丢失的孩子。(2)The teacher gave _ our papers before the class.上课之前，老师给我们分发了试卷。(3)Wed better give the suspect _ the police.我们最好把嫌疑犯交给警察。(4)This piece of meat is giving _ a bad smell.这块肉正在发出臭味。(5)Shes very brave and _(从不屈服)(6)“_(现在不要让步)”， she said.(7) He kept begging me for a new bike, and I finally _Agave out Bgave awayCgave in Dgave up【答案】（1）up（2）out（3）over to（4）off (5)never gives in (6)Dont give in now（7）C 句意：他一直恳求我给他买辆自行车，最后我让步了。give in屈服；投降；让步。考点4. as usual 照常；像往常一样【教材原句】Wang Wei rode in front of me as usual. She is very reliable and I knew I didnt need to encourage her.像往常一样，王薇在我的前面，她很可靠，我知道我用不着给她鼓劲儿。【例句研读】Lily got up at 6 oclock_（像往常一样），but she realized it was Sunday as soon as she prepared her school bag.Lily像往常一样六点钟起床，但当她准备书包时才意识到那是星期天。【答案】as usual【归纳拓展】usual adj. 通常的；平常的usually adv. 通常地；平常地than usual 比平常【即时巩固】(1)I shall leave the office at the same time _(像平时一样)(2)We _(通常外出)for dinner on Sundays.(3)Grandmother slept longer _(比平时)(4)That day he got to school early _(像往常一样)【答案】(1)as usual (2)usually go out (3)than usual (4)as usual经典句型剖析考点1 ever since【教材原句】Ever since middle school, my sister Wang Wei and I have dreamed about taking a great bike trip. 从高中起，我姐姐王薇和我就一直梦想作一次伟大的自行车旅行。【句法分析】ever since “从那以后”，句子要与现在完成时或现在完成进行时连用，类似的时间状语还有 so far, up till now, by now, recently, lately, since last month, in/for the past 一段时间，since.ago等。【例句研读】He came to England three years ago and has lived here ever since.他三年前来到英国，从那以后便一直住在这里。I havent seen her since ten years ago.自十年前至今，我没见过她。We have pleted half of the work so far.到目前为止，我们完成了一半的工作。He hasnt written to me recently.他最近没给我写信。The couple have been working very hard for/in the past (last) ten years.在最近的十年里这对夫妇一直努力工作。【拓展归纳】It is/was/has been时间段since.自从已经多久了。It will be/was时间段before.再有多长时间才在 “It is/was时间段since.”句型中，若 since从句中的动词为延续性动词，句子意思要发生变化。It is three years since he joined the army. 他参军3年了。It is three years since he smoked.他戒烟3年了(不吸烟)。【考点聚焦】考查含有ever since时间状语的句子的时态。【即时巩固】How long do you suppose it is _ he arrived there?Awhen BbeforeCafter Dsince 考点2 be+形容词+to do【教材原句】When I told her the air would be hard to breathe and it would be very cold, she said it would be an interesting experience.当我告诉她那里空气稀薄，呼吸困难而且天气很冷时，她却说这将是一次有趣的经历。【句法分析】beadj.to do在“主语系动词形容词不定式”结构中，不定式与主语在意义上是动宾关系，但要用主动形式表被动意义；如果不定式的动词是不及物的，要在不定式后边加介词。用于这种句式中的形容词常为：easy, difficult, heavy, hard, nice, bitter, dangerous, interesting, important, fortable, pleasant, impossible 等。【例句研读】The question is easy to answer.这问题容易回答。That book is difficult to understand.那本书难懂。The water in that river is not fit to drink.那条河中的水不宜饮用。Harry Potter is pleasant to read.哈利波特读起来让人感到愉快。He is easy to get along with.他很容易相处。【拓展归纳】此句式还可以拓展为 “find/feel/think/believe宾语adj.to do”。例如：I find English tongue twisters pleasant to learn.我觉得英语绕口令学起来很有意思。【考点聚焦】考查be+形容词+不定式的结构【即时巩固】(1) I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good _.Ato be breathed Bto breatheCbreathing Dbeing breathed【答案】B【解析】考查 beadj.to do结构。(2)They found the lecture hard _； they all felt sleepy.Ato be understood Bfor understandingCto understand Dto have been understood【答案】C【解析】考查 “find宾语adj.to do”结构。考点3 once引导的状语从句【教材原句】Once she has made up her mind, nothing can change it.她一旦下了决心，什么也不能使她改变。【句法分析】“once状语从句”意为“一旦就”。在 once引导的状语从句中常用一般现在时代替将来时。【例句研读】Once you remember it, youll never forget it.一旦你记住它，你就永远不会忘记它。Once you have promised, you must do it.一旦你许下诺言，你就必须履行。【拓展归纳】once 用做副词，可表示：(1)(for) one time 一次I have only been here once. 我只来过这儿一次。(2)at some time in the past 一度，曾经He once lived in Zambia. 他曾经(一度)住在赞比亚。(3)all at oncesuddenly 突然All at once the door opened. 突然门开了。【考点聚焦】考查once引导的状语从句【即时巩固】You will be successful in the interview _ you have confidence.Abefore BonceCuntil Dthough 考点4 no matter 句型【教材原句】A determined person always tries to finish the job, no matter how hard it is.一个意志坚定的人总是努力完成工作，不管它多么困难。【句法分析】no matter ，作“不管”“无论”解，同 what/who/when/where/how 等疑问词连用，引导让步状语从句。【温馨提示】(1)no matter what/who/when/how/where 可以换成whatever/whoever/whenever/however/wherever 引导让步状语从句。(2)whatever, whichever，whoever, whomever 还可以引导名词性从句。 Whoever breaks the law should be punished. 任何违犯了法律的人都应受到惩罚。(3)however 是副词，修饰形容词、副词主谓； whatever 是代词，修饰的是名词。如：However difficult it is, you must work it out.不管有多难，你都要解决这件事。Whatever difficulty there is, we must work together.不管有什么样的困难我们都要团结合作。 【例句研读】No matter what he says, I wont believe him.不管他说什么，我都不会相信他。No matter when you e, you are wele.无论你什么时候来都受欢迎。No matter whose bag this is, it must be kept here for the present. 不管这是谁的包，暂时必须放在这里。No matter who knocks, dont open the door.不管谁敲门，都不要开门。【考点聚焦】no matter. . . 句型【即时巩固】(1) _ well prepared you are, you still need a lot of luck in mountain climbing.AHowever BWhateverCNo matter DAlthough【答案】A【解析】考查 “howeveradj.主系动词”引导让步状语从句。(2) The lawyer seldom wears anything other than a suit _ the season.Awhatever BwhereverCwhenever Dhowever【答案】A
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