《doing作状语》PPT课件.ppt

,1.作表语,2.作定语,现在分词,3.作宾补,4.作状语,三.V-ing作表语,WearelearningEnglish.Thestoryisinteresting.MyjobisteachingEnglish.,动名词作表语,现在分词作表语,动词进行时,=TeachingEnglishismyjob.,动名词作表语用来说明主语的内容，与主语是同一个概念，表语和主语的位置可互换。,Hishobbyispainting.Thenewsisinspiring.,区别动名词与现在分词：,动名词作表语用来说明主语的具体内容。,现在分词作表语是用来表示主语所具有的特征，有的已变成了形容词，主语和表语的位置不能互换。,翻译下列句子：我们的工作就是演奏各种音乐。Ourjobis_.2.他们演奏的音乐史如此的令人兴奋。Themusictheyareplayingis_.,playingallkindsofmusic,soexciting,四V-ing作定语现在分词,现在分词作定语，被修饰的词与V-ing之间有一种逻辑上的主谓关系，相当于一个定语从句。当现在分词单独作定语时，放在所修饰的名词前；如果是现在分词短语作定语，则放在所修饰的名词后。,Thegirlcryingintheclassroomismydeskmate.Thecryinggirlismydeskmate.,Thetower_thewarringstatesiswellworthvisiting.datedfromB.datedbackfromC.datingfromD.todatefrom,Theflowers_sweetinthebotanicgardenattractthevisitorstothebeautyofnature.tosmellB.smellingC.smeltD.tobesmelt,(1)awalkingman,(2)awalkingstick,=amanwhoiswalking,=astickforwalking,Whatsthedifferencebetween(1)and(2)?,V-ing作定语时，现在分词与动名词区别：,awaitingroomawaitingman,=aroomforwaiting,=amanwhoiswaiting,现在分词作定语时，它和被修饰的词之间有有种逻辑上的主谓关系，相当于一个定语从句,而动名词作定语时，与被修饰的词之间没有这种关系，它仅仅表示一种用途，“作用”相当于一个for引导的介词短语,Translatethefollowingphrases.,areadingroom,awashingmachine,anexcitingevening,aninterestingcrosstalk,阅览室,洗衣机,激动人心的夜晚,有趣的相声,1.What_bearstheyare!(charm)2.Whata/an_ideatheadhas.3.Thebears_arecontentwiththeirlife.4.Thebears_makecocacolamorepopular.,DescribethebearswithV-ingusedasattribute,charming,enjoyingcocacola,drinkingcocacola,skiingontheice,surprising/inspiring,五V-ing形式作宾语补足语,V-ing形式作宾补时，它与宾语构成逻辑上的主谓关系，即宾语是其逻辑上的主语。S+V+O+C,Iheardthegirlsingingintheclassroom.,Wehavethefireburningallday.,Inoticedalongqueueoutsidethebankwaitingforittoopen.,Thebabywatchedhisdadshavinghisfacewithgreatinterest.,动词-ing形式作宾语补足语常放在宾语后面，表示一个正在进行的主动性的动作，强调一个过程或一种状态。,1.能跟-ing形式作宾语补足语的常见动词有：,“五让、三看、两听、一注意、一发现、一感觉”。简单又好记！,make,let,have,keep,leave,lookat,see,watch,hear,listento,notice,find,feel等。,怎么记？,Helookedaroundandcaughtaman_hishandintothepocketofapassenger.putB.tobeputtingC.toputD.putting,1.Isawthem_(force)thedooropenwithahammer.2.Weheardthem_(quarrel)aboutmoneyaftertheconcert;theylookedveryangry.3.Iheardhim_(drop)lotsofcoinsintothecollectingtin.,forcing,quarreling,dropping,Practice:,2.有些动词词组，如：regard,describe,accept,thinkof,lookon等之后可由as引出V-ing形式作宾补。,Theydescribethecartoonasbeingattractive.,Keys:,1.Hesacrificedhislifetodefendthehonor/dignityofhisnation.2.Elizabethdidnttrusthim,soshelefthimafalsenameandaddress.3.Withoutacupofcoffeeinthemorning,Jennycantfunction(well/normally).4.DuringWorldWarII,herosegraduallyfromtherankofcaptaintogeneral.5.Dontforgettobringyourcassetterecordertommorrow.6.Theremustbesomemisunderstanding.Ihavenoideawhatyouretalkingabout.,.indefenceof.,=,分词作状语,表示动作发生的条件、原因、结果、让步、时间、方式或伴随等，通常相当于一个状语从句或并列分句。一般说来，这种结构的逻辑主语就是句子的主语。,分词作状语,作状语时，选择现在分词还是过去分词，关键看主句的主语。如主语和分词是主谓关系，就选用现在分词，如分词和主语是动宾关系，就用过去分词。,现在分词作结果状语表示自然的结果。充当结果状语的现在分词的逻辑主语有时并不是句子的主语，而是句子的内容或部分内容。Thechildslippedandfell,hittinghisheadagainstthedoor.Alotofgoodlandhasgonewiththem,leavingonlysand.,Ifyouuseyourhead,youllfindagoodway.Usingyourhead,youllfindagoodway.IfIaminvited,Illgotoyourparty.Invited,Illgotoyourparty.,条件状语,作条件状语一般放在句首,作条件状语一般放在句首,原因状语,作原因状语一般放在句首,作原因状语一般放在句首,Becausehewaspoor,hecouldntaffordaTVset.Beingpoor,hecouldntaffordaTVset.Becausehewassatisfiedwithhisjob,hehadabigsmileonhisface.Satisfiedwithhisjob,hehadabigsmileonhisface.,让步状语,作让步状语一般放在句首,作让步状语一般放在句首,Thoughhestudiedhard,hedidntpasstheexam.Studyinghard,hedidntpasstheexam.Thoughhewasborninapoorfamily,hewasoptimistic.Borninapoorfamily,hewasoptimistic.,时间状语,作时间状语一般放在句首,作时间状语一般放在句首,WhileIwaswalkinginthestreet,Isawatailorsshop.Walkinginthestreet,Isawatailorsshop.Whenshewassurroundedbyamaddog,shewasveryfrightenedandscreamed.Surroundedbyamaddog,shewasveryfrightenedandscreamed.,Fourpeopleenteredtheroomandlookedcurious.Fourpeopleenteredtheroom,lookingTheteachercameintotheclassroomandwasfollowedbysomestudents.Theteachercameintotheclassroom,followedbysomestudents.,伴随状语,作伴随状语多放于句末,Hecamerunningbacktotellmethenews.Hisfatherdied,andthisleftthefamilyevenworseoff.Hisfatherdied,leavingthefamilyevenworseoff.,方式状语或结果状语,作方式状语或结果多放于句末,在使用的过程中，我发现这本书很有用。_thebook,Ifindituseful.由于用了很长时间，这本书看上去很旧。_foralongtime,thebooklooksold.,Used,Using,从上面看,体育场好像一个鸟巢。_fromthetop,thestadiumlookslikeabirdnest.A.SeeingB.Seen从太空看,宇航员看不到长城。_fromthespace,theastronautcannotdiscovertheGreatWall.A.SeeingB.Seen,分词作状语时的时态和语态：,1）分词的时态：2）分词的语态,一般式:doingdone完成式:havingdonehavingbeendone,1）一般式表示与谓语动词同时发生。1.Hearingthenews,hejumpedwithjoy.2.Surroundedbythestudents,theteacherwasansweringquestionsonebyone.,2）完成时表示动作发生在谓语动词之前。,1.Afterhehadfinishedhishomework,hewentout.=Havingfinishedhishomework,hewentout.2.Becauseshehadnotgotareply,shedecidedtowritetohimagain.=Nothavinggotareply,shedecidedtowritetohimagain.,一、有些惯用的v-ing形式不表示句子主语的动作，而是表示说话人的态度、观点等。可当作一个插入语generallyspeaking一般说来strictlyspeaking严格说来franklyspeaking坦白地说judgingfrom/by根据来判断considering考虑到supposing假如，如果,几点注意,1.Generallyspeaking,boysaremoreinterestedinsciencethangirls.一般说，男孩比女孩对科学更感兴趣。2.Judgingfrom/byhisaccent,hemustcomefromCanada.从他的口音看，他一定来自加拿大。3.Considering/givenhisage,hediditquitewell.考虑到他的年龄，他做得很好了。4.Suppose/Supposingitrains，whatwillyoudo？假使下雨，你会怎么办呢？,二、分词作状语时，可以根据需要在其前加上when,while,before,after,until,once,though,although,unless,asif,evenif,aslongas等1.Oncelosingthischance,youcanteasilyfindit.2.Ifallowedtoreadinthereadingroom,youshouldkeepquiet.3.Whenleavingthestation,hewavedagainandagaintome.,Losing,Allowed,Leaving,三、当表示分词的动作一发生，主句的动作随之也发生时，可以使用“on动名词”的结构，翻译成“一就”。Hearingthenews,theycouldnthelpjumping.=Onhearingthenews,theycouldnthelpjumping._thecase,Isawthebirdflyoutofit.一打开这个盒子，我看到有只鸟飞出来。,Onopening,句型转换：Whenheheardthenews,hejumpedwithjoy._thenews,hejumpedwithjoy.2.Asshewasill,shewenthome._ill,shewenthome.3.Thegirlcameinandshesmiled.Thegirlcamein_.Shesatatthedeskandreadanewspaper.Shesatatthedesk_anewspaper.,Hearing,Being,smiling,reading,表伴随状况,时间状语,原因状语,方式状语,Grammarwork语法专练用所给动词的适当形式填空。1.Not_(know)hisaddress,Icouldntgotoseehimyesterday.2.Lookout(小心）forcarswhen_(cross)thestreet.3.Not_(invite)totheparty,Marywasgreatlyhurt.,knowing,crossing,havingbeeninvited,4.Hedivedintothewater,_(leave)onlyhisfaceexposed(暴露）.5.WhenIgotbackhomeIsawamessagepinned(别在）tothedoor,_(read写着)“Sorrytomissyou;Iwillcalllater.”6._(take)adeepbreath,theydivedintothewater.7._(close)thewindowsandthedoor,thestudentslefttheroom.,leaving,reading,Taking,Havingclosed,Grammarquiz1.When_differentcultures,weoftenpayattentiononlytothedifferenceswithoutnoticingmanysimilarities.A.comparedB.beingcomparedC.comparingD.havingcompared,2.Wheneverhewasaskedwhyhewaslateforclass,hewouldanswercarelessly,always_thesamething.A.sayingB.saidC.tosayD.havingsaid,3._thepiano,someonesuddenlyknockedatthedoor.A.PlayingB.WhenIwasplayingC.RepairingD.Examining,4._theprogramme,theyhavetostaythereforanother2weeks.A.NotcompletingB.NotcompletedC.NothavingcompletedD.Havingnotcompleted,5.“Wecantgooutinthisweather”,saidBob,_outofthewindow.A.lookingB.tolookC.lookedD.havinglooked,6._suchheavypollutionalready,itmaynowbetoolatetocleanuptheriver.A.HavingsufferedB.SufferingC.TosufferD.Suffered,7._byasnake,shewasfrightenedatit.A.BeingbittenB.BittenC.HavingbeenbittenD.biting,8.Ashehadbrokenthewindow,thenaughtyboywassittingthere,_.A.notdaringmadeanysoundB.notdaringtomakeasoundC.daringnotmakeanysoundD.daringnottomakeasound,1.Havingnotseenthefilm,IcanttellyouwhatIthinkofit.2.Themenworkedforextrahoursgotanextrapay.3.Seenfromthetopofthehill,wefindthecitymorebeautiful.,Nothaving,working,Seeing,单句改错,4.“Cantyouread?”themansaid,angrilypointedtothenoticeonthewall.5.Generallyspeak,facialexpressionsarehelpfulcommunications,too.6.Europeanfootballisplayedin80countries,madeitthemostpopularsportintheworld.,pointing,making,speaking,ThankYou,Revision,1.他起床迟了，匆忙地赶去办公室，没有吃早饭。2.意识到浪费了太多时间，这个男生决定停止玩电脑游戏。3.中国建了更多高速公路，使得人们从一个地方到另一个地方更加容易。4.Dina在努力地找服务生的工作找了几个月后，最后在当地一家广告公司找到了一个职位。5.南方下了大雨，导致了好几个省发生了严重的洪水。6.这个律师专心的听，努力地不错过任何重点。7.更多地用感性而非理性来做一个决定，你迟早会后悔的。8.这个退休老人把他大多数存款都捐给了玉树地震中被毁的学校，使得学生能够重返校园。,一、用v-ing形式改写以下句子或将v-ing改成定语/状语从句。1.Theladywalkedaroundtheshopsandkeptaneyeoutforbargains.2.Lookingatmyclassmatesfaces,Ireadthesameexcitementintheireyes.3.Thenewsshockedthepublicandledtogreatconcernaboutstudentssafetyatschool.4.Thetrafficrulesaysyoungchildrenwhoweighlessthan40poundsmustbeinachildsafetyseat.5.Sincehedidntkeepthepromise,Tonyhaslostthechancetogoabroad.,1.Theladywalkedaroundtheshops,keepinganeyeoutforbargains.,1.Walkingaroundtheshops,theladykeptaneyeoutforbargains.,2.WhenIlookedatmyclassmatesfaces,Ireadthesameexcitementintheireyes.,3.Thenewsshockedthepublic,leadingtogreatconcernaboutstudentssafetyatschool.,4.Thetrafficrulesaysyoungchildrenweighinglessthan40poundsmustbeinachildsafetyseat.,5.Notkeepingthepromise,Tonyhaslostthechancetogoabroad.,6.Thesongissungalloverthecountry,whichmakesitthemostpopularsong7.Havingnointerestinthetopic,hedidntgotothelecture.8.Havingwaitedinthequeueforhalfanhour,Tomsuddenlyrealizedthathehadlefthiswalletatonce.9.Peoplewholiveinthecitydontknowthepleasureofcountrylife.,6.Thesongissungalloverthecountry,makingitthemostpopularsong.,7.Becausehehadnointerestinthetopic,hedidntgotothelecture.,8.AfterTomhadwaitedinthequeueforhalfanhour,hesuddenlyrealizedthathehadlefthiswalletatonce.,8.Afterwaitinginthequeueforhalfanhour,Tomsuddenlyrealizedthathehadlefthiswalletatonce.,9.peoplelivinginthecitydontknowthepleasureofcountrylife.,10.Thelargebuildingwhichisbeingbuiltacrossthestreetwillbeahospital.11.Theoldmanisonthewaybacktohismotherlandafterhehasworkedabroadfortwentyyears.12.Doyouknowtheyoungmanshakinghandswiththeheadmaster?13.Peoplewhouseamobilephonefinditveryconvenienttokeepintouchwiththeirfriendswhenevertheygo.,10.Thelargebuildingbeingbuiltacrossthestreetwillbeahospital.,11.Havingworkedabroadfortwentyyears,theoldmanisonthewaybacktohismotherland.,11.Theoldman,havingworkedabroadfortwentyyears,isonthewaybacktohismotherland.,12.Doyouknowtheyoungmanwhoisshakinghandswiththeheadmaster.,13.Peopleusingamobilephonefinditveryconvenienttokeepintouchwiththeirfriendswherevertheygo.,14.Ashehadbrokenthewindow,thenaughtyboywassittingthere,notdaringtomakeasound,14.Havingbrokenthewindow,thenaughtyboywassittingthere,notdaringtomakeasound,14.Havingbrokenthewindow,thenaughtyboywassittingthereanddidntdaretomakeanysound.,_(袭击汶川的地震)happenedonMay12th,2008,_.(使得成千上万的人无家可归)Thenumberofpeople_(死于地震)reached69,197._(站在废墟中),thosewhosurvivedcouldnthelp_(cry)._(在受了这样的苦难后),peopletherewerenotdefeatedandstruggledagainstthenature.,TheearthquakehittingWenchuan,makingtensofthousandsofpeoplehomeless,dyingfromtheearthquake,Standinginruins,crying,Havinggonethroughsomanysufferings,AterribleearthquakehitWenchuan,Fortunately,_(看到所发生的),therestofChinacaredmuchaboutthoseinneedandhelpedthemimmediately._(捐钱)wasamajorway.Besides,soldiersweresenttorescue_(那些挣扎的人)whoweretrappedundertheruins.DoctorsalsowenttoWenchuantotreat_(地震中幸存下来的人).Thankstotheirhelp,thecitybegantobreatheagain.Now,_(重建中的汶川)hastakenonanewlook.,seeingwhathadhappened,Donatingmoney,thestrugglingpeople,thepeoplesurvivingtheearthquake,Wenchuanbeingrebuilt,否定词置于句首的倒装,以下否定词位于句首，句子要用部分倒装(一般疑问句的形式)：seldom;never;little;few;hardly;barely;rarely;neither;nor;notuntil;notonly,butalso;innoway;bynomeans;onnoaccount;atnotime;undernocircumstances;nolonger等。,Practicemakesperfect!,1.直到我们早上经历了雾霾（haze），我们才意识到环境污染有多严重。2.我们过去很少经历这样的现象。（seldom）3.对于环境保护我们也关注的很少。（little）4.我们绝对不能以环境为代价发展经济。（bynomeans）5.我们不仅应该培养环境意识，还应该采取实际行动。6.我们不应该再用塑料袋。（nolonger）也不应该再浪费纸，水和电。（nor）7.飞机一着陆人们就朝着飞机跑去。（hardly.when）8.我从前从没见过更美的地方。（never+比较级）,Polishoursentences！,1.我发现你今天上午上课时你一直闷闷不乐。2.课间活动你也没出教室，只是呆坐在座位上。3.我问你怎么了，你却婉言谢绝了。4.开导劝慰。,某英语报社拟成立“微笑俱乐部”，现征募会员。要求申请者提交篇题为“IwanttoSmile”的英语短文。请你以申请者的身份，根以下思路图的提示用英语写一篇短文。注意：根据思路图适当展开，以使行文连贯；词数：120左右,2009福建某英语报社拟成立“微笑俱乐部”，现征募会员。要求申请者提交一篇题为“IwanttoSmile”的英语短文。请你以申请者的身份，根据以下思路图的提示用英语写一篇短文。注意：根据思路图适当展开，以使行文连贯；词数：120左右,advantagesofsmiling,smileatparentsorfriends,smileatmyself,inaword,Smile,asauniversallanguage,spreadshappinessthroughouttheworld.Therearemanybenefitsofsmiling.Firstly,itbringshappiness,whichaccumulatestocontributetolongevity.Furthermore,smilingalotmeansbeingconfident,whichplaysanessentialpartinonessuccess.Inaddition,smilingshowsthatyouarecontentwithyourlifeindicatingthatyoupossessahealthyattitudetowardslife.SoIchoosetosmilealot.Ismiletomyparentsasthanksforcaringofme.Igiveasmileformyfriendsfortheirforeverencouragement.Ialsosmileatmyselftomakemyselfanenthusiasticperson.Inaword,nomatterwhetherlifeisbeautyorduty,Iwillacceptallwithabigsmile.,Smile,asoneofthemostuniversalgreetings,enablespeopletonarrowthegapbetweenthem.SoImgladtosmileateveryoneImeetinmylife.First,Idliketosmileatmyparents,whogavebirthtome,careaboutmeandgivemecouragetofacetheworld.Itsofgreatsignificancetosmileatthemtoshowthemmyrespectandgratitude.Then,Ishouldgivemyselfasmileaswell.Duringthelast18yearsIhavebeenstrictwithmyself,workinghardtomakemydreamscometrue.AsmileisdefinitelyarewardforalltheeffortsIvemade.Inaword,itssmilingthatmakestheworldabetterplace.Notonlyshouldwesmileatourselvesbutalsosmileateveryonewemeet.,Asthesayinggoes,smileisarayofsunshineinspiringothersandbrighteningyourownsoulaswell.Therefore，Iwanttosmile,sincerelyateveryone.Iwanttosmileatmyparentswiththankswhentheyfetchacupofcoffeeatmidnight,tofriendssharingvictorynews,withmycongratulations,atalittlechildrenfortheirpurehearts,andtoastrangerforherapologywhenshestepsonmyfootandmoreover.Iwanttosmileatmyselftoeasemyanxietytogainself-confidenceandoptimism.Inaword,IwillkeepsmileonmyfaceandIhopeonedaysmilewillbeseenonanyonesface.Andthatis,doubtlessly,aharmoniousworld.,Therearemanyadvantagesofsmiling.Itcannotonlymakeushappy,butalsopleaseothers.Ifwesmileatlife,lifewillsmileonusinreturn.SoIwanttosmileatallwheneverandwhereverpossible.First,Iwouldliketosmileatparentsbecausetheyhavegivenmelifeandtakenallthetroubletobringmeup.Theyarrangealmosteverythingforme.Withtheirhelp,Ihavemadegreatprogress.Iwouldliketosaythankyou”tothemwithasmile.Thenmysmileshouldgotomyself,foronlyinthiswaycanIgainmoreconfidenceinsmilingmytroublesawayandliveabetterlife.Inaword,letsgreeteverydaywithasmile.Tomorrowisanotherday.,