电大计算机专业英语作业2答案.ppt

计算机专业英语,第二次作业,一、Vocabulary(词汇),（一）TranslatethefollowingwordsandexpressionsintoChinese。(写出下列词组的汉语。）1database2flat-filedatabase3relationaldatabase4datastructure5builtin6coding7machinelanguage8.propertywindow,1、数据库2、平面文件数据库3、关系型数据库4、数据结构5、内嵌的，固有的6、写代码，编码7、机器语言8、属性窗口,9.softwarecrisis10.objectmodel11.blackboxtesting12.whiteboxtesting13.bug14.softwaremaintenance15.RequirementsAnalysis&Specification,9、软件危机10、对象模型11、黑盒测试12、白盒测试13、错误14、软件维护15、需求分析和说明,一、Vocabulary(词汇),(二)FillintheblankswiththecorrespondingEnglishabbreviations(根据汉语写出相应的英语缩写。)1.结构化查询语言2.关系型数据库管理系统3.集成开发环境4.多文档界面5.单文档界面6.面向对象分析7.面向对象设计8.面向对象程序,1、SQL2、RDBMS3、IDE4、MDL5、SDI6、OOA7、OOD8、OOP,一、Vocabulary(词汇),(三)TranslatethefollowingwordsintoEnglish(根据汉语写出相应的英语)1.客户机/服务器2.二维的3.点击鼠标右键4.调试程序5.高级语言6.标准版7.代码窗口8.软件生命周期9.软件测试10.数据流图,client/server,rightclick,high-levellanguage,codewindow,twodimensional,debugtheprogram,standardedition,softwarelifecycle,data-flowdiagram,softwaretesting,二、Tellwhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrue(T)orfalse(F)(判断正误),F,1.Client/serverdatabasesystemisnolongerinusenow()2.F1atfilestyleofdatabaseissuitableforlargeamountsofdata()3.SQLServercanallowmanyuserstovisitthedatabaseatthesametime()4.Maintenanceofprogramsisnotasimportantasthedevelopment()5.Highlevellanguageispopular，becauseitisdirectlyexecutableincomputerwithoutcompiling.(),T,F,F,F,6.Therearevariouslanguagesforhumans，whereas(然而)thereisonlyoneprogramminglanguageforcomputer()7.ThewindowsthataredisplayedwhenyoustartVBareknownastheVisualBasicIntegratedDevelopmentEnvironment(IDE)()8.softwareengineeringcoversnotonlythetechnicalaspectsofbuildingsoftwaresystems，butalsomanagementissues()9.OODisthestageofcreationandOOPisanimplementationstage()10.Whiteboxtestingrequiresthetestertohaveknowledgeoftheinternalstructure(),T,F,T,T,T,三、Matchthefollowingwordsandexpressionsintheleftcolumnwiththosesimilarinmeaningintherightcolumn(连线题),(一)1DBMSa结构化查询语言2relationaldatabaseb维护3SQL(StructuredQueryLanguage)c高级语言4compiletheprogramd数据库管理系统5high-levellanguagee多文档界面6MDI(Multi-DocumentInterface)f关系数据库7Maintenanceg编译程序8Object-orientedDesign(OOD)h软件测试9softwaretestingi黑盒测试10blackboxtestingj面向对象设计,1.d2.f3.a4.g5.c6.e7.b8.j9.h10.i,(二)1machinelanguagea调试2assemblylanguageb功能测试3debuggingc窗体4functionaltestingd汇编语言5whiteboxtestinge机器语言6formf白盒测试7projectwindowg表记录8fieldh结构化程序设计9structuredprogrammingi工程窗口10tablerecordj字段,1.e2.d3.a4.b5.f6.c7.i8.j9.h10.g,四、Fillintheblankswithsuitablewordsorexpressionsfromthelistgivenbelow，andchangetheformwherenecessary(从下面方框中选择合适的词或表达，以其适当的形式填空),systemgroupdimensionalnamedesigncataloglocationright,LikemanyotherRDBMSs，SQLServerusestwotablestostoredataThesetablesarecalledordictionarieshisasecuresystemandallowyoutoassigntoindividualusersBydefault，ituseatodistinguishamongdifferentSQLSevers.Tocreateanewdatabase，youneedtospecifyaAndyoumayalsochangetheofthedatabaseduringthisprocessAnewdatabasecomeswithover10tablesTocreateanewtable，youcanuseatablewindow.,dimensional,catalogs,rights,group,name,location,system,design,Aprogramminglanguage，designedtothecommunicationbetweenhumanandcomputers，isafordescribingcomputationinreadableformThereare3levelsofprogramminglanguages，theyare，whichcanberundirectlybycomputer；andTherearedifferenthighlevelprogramminglanguages.Fortunately。mustofthemhavemanykindsofincommonandvaryonlyinthewaythatthesemustbeTherefore，firstthingtobedecidedaboutataskistochoosewhichprogramminglanguageisbestsuitedforthejob,high-levellanguageassemblylanguagewrittenmachinelanguagefacilitatenotationconstruct,facilitate,notation,machinelanguage,assemblylanguage,high-levellanguage,constructs,written,Softwaretestingwhichisdefinedastheexecutionofaprogramtofindits，isavitalpartofthesoftwarelifecycleTherearedifferenttypesoftesting，mainly，theyareorfunctionaltesting，whichtestswhethertheistheexpectedresultwiththeinput；andwhichisperformedtoproblemswiththestructureofaprogramDebuggingistheprocessofanalyzingandlocatingbugswhensoftwaredoesnotbehaveasexpectedSoftwaretestingisamuchmoremeansofidentifyingsoftwareTherefore，debuggingsupportstestingotherthanreplacingtesting,blackboxtestinginternalbugthoroughrevealoutputfaultsvalidwhiteboxtesting,faults,blackboxtesting,valid,output,whiteboxtesting,reveal,internal,thorough,bugs,五.Translation(翻译),(一)TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese(将下列句子翻译成汉语。)1Adatabasesystemisasoftwaresystemwhichcanmanageadatabasestoredincomputerfiles2Relationaldatabasesalsohavefunctions“builtin”thathelpthemtoget，sortandeditthedatainmanydifferentways,译：数据库系统是一类软件系统，可以管理用计算机文件形式存放的数据库。,译：关系型数据库还具有“内置”的功能帮助其用多种方式获取、排序和编辑数据。,3SQLServerisdesignedtoallowthousandsofuserstoaccessthedatabaseatthesametimeandisatrueclientserverdatabasesystem4Duringthelastfewyears，ithasbeenrealizedthatmaintenanceofprogramsismoreexpensivethandevelopment，SOreadingofprogramsbyhumansisasimportantaswritingthem5.Programminglanguagesaredesignedtofacilitatethecommunicationbetweenhumanandcomputers,译：SQLServer被设计为充许数千用户同时访问数据库，并且是真正的客户机/服务器数据库系统。,译：在最近的几年中，人们已经意识到程序的维护比程序的开发更昂贵，因此程序的阅读和书写一样重要。,译：程序设计语言用于使人类和计算机之间的交流更容易。,6Fortunatelymostprogramminglanguageshavemanykindsofconstructsincommonandvaryonlyinthewaythatthesemustbewritten7.Someapplications，suchasWord，allowforseveralwindowsinaspecialmodecalledMDIinwhichyoucanopenmultipledocumentswithinthesameapplication8Fordevelopingasoftwareproduct，thedevelopmentprocessisdividedinto5stages：RequirementsAnalysis&Specification，Design，Coding，Testing，andMaintenance,译：幸运的是大多数的程序语言有很多种相同架构，只是在书写的方式上有所不同。,译：一些应用程序，如Word，允许一些表单窗口使用MDI模式，使你能够在一个软件中打开多个数据文档。,译：开发一个软件产品，开发过程分为5步：需求分析和说明，设计，编码，测试和维护。,9ObjectorientationmayincreaseproductivitybecauseOOAandOOD，ifdonecorrectly，resultinproductsthatarecleaner，moreunderstandable，andeasiertoimplementandtest10Functionaltestingtestswhethertheoutputistheexpectedresultwiththevalidinput,译：面向对象方法可以提高生产效率是因为面向对象分析和设计，如果正确执行了面向对象方法，可以产生出更清晰，更易理解，更容易实现和测试的软件。,译：功能测试是检查使用有效的输入是否能得到所期望的输出。,(二)TranslatethefollowingparagraphsintoChinese(将下列各段翻译成汉语）。,1SQLServerisaRDBMS(RelationalDatabaseManagementSystem)madebyMicrosoftThismeansthatthedataisstoredintwodimensionaltablesRDBMSsa11havetablescalledcatalogsordictionariesthatcontaininformationabouttheparticulardatabasesSQLServerisdesignedtoallowthousandsofuserstoaccessthedatabaseatthesametimeandisatrueclient/serverdatabasesystemItismuchmoresecurethanAccessRightscanbeassignedtoindividualusersandadministratorsForexampleyoucansetuponeuserthatcanonlyinsertdatainthedatabasebutcannotdeleteany,译：SQLServer是Microsoft开发的关系型数据库管理系统。这意味着数据存储在二维的表中。关系型数据库管理系统都具有被称为目录或字典的表，其中包含待定数据库的信息。SQLServer被设计为允许数千用户同时访问数据库，并且是真正的客户机/服务器数据库系统，比Access更加安全。可以为个别用户和管理员分配权限。例如您可以设置某个用户只能在数据库中插入数据，而不能删除任何数据。,2.Ahigh-levellanguageisanartificiallanguagewithwhichwecanwritevariousinstruction.Thisispossiblenotbecausecomputerprocessorsarenowsotechnologicallyadvancedthattheycan“understand”theselanguagesYoushouldtranslatefromprogramminglanguagesintomachinelanguagewhichcanbeunderstoodbythecomputerprocessorsCompilerscanaccomplishthistaskThisdoesmeanthatahighlevellanguageprogramisnotdirectlyexecutable：itmustbecompiledtoproduceprocessorprogram，whichisexecutable,译：高级语言是一种人造语言，使用它我们可以写不同的指令。这成为可能不是因为计算机处理器的技术如今是如此先进以至于它们可以理解这些语言。你需要将这些语言翻译成计算机处理器能够理解的机器语言。编译器能够完成这项工作。这就意味着高级语言程序不是直接可执行的：它必须被编译生成处理器程序，这些程序是可执行的。,3OverthelastfewdecadestherehasbeenatremendousgrowthininformationtechnologyanditsimpactoneverydaylifeComplexsoftwaresystemshavebecomecriticaltotheoperationofmanysystemsinareassuchasbanking，communications，manufacturing，powergeneration，andtransportationProgressincomputerscienceandaccumulatedexperiencewithindustrialproductionofsoftwarehaveledtotheemergenceofsoftwareengineeringasaseparatedisciplineThesoftwareengineeringdisciplinehasbeendefinedas“theapplicationofsystematic，disciplined，quantifiableapproachestothedevelopment，operation，andmaintenanceofsoftware”thatis，theapplicationofengineeringtosoftware.,译：在过去的几十年间，信息技术有了巨大的发展，并且影响着我们每天的生活。复杂的软件系统已经成为许多领域的关键，如银行、通信、制造业、电力、交通等。随着计算机科学的进步和工业生产经验的积累，导致软件工程作为一个独立的标准出现。软件工程规范已经被定义为“应用系统的、规范的、量化的方法开发、操作和维护软件。”也就是说，使用工程的方法开发软件。,