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2019-2020年八年级英语Module 4 Section 1 Background Readings1.中考中的现在完成时态 现在完成时态是历年中考必考内容之一。现以2002年部分省市中考试题为例，对现在完成时态的用法分析归纳如下：1.结束、结果 表示一个过去发生并结束的动作对现在产生的结果和影响。这一类情况可以细分为下述两种情况：A.表示开始于过去的动作刚刚结束，常和just, now, already, yet, not.yet连用。already, adv.“已经，已”，常用于肯定的现在完成时态句式中； yet, adv. “还，尚，仍，已经”，常用于疑问、否定句式中；just, adv. “刚刚，恰好，方才”，常用于肯定句中。B.表示过去动作的结果，现在仍有影响，一般不用时间状语。1.甘肃- _ you_ your homework yet?-Yes, I_ it a moment ago.A. Did, do, finished B. Have, done, have finishedC. Have, done, finished D. Will, do, finish 解析问句句末有yet(还，尚，仍，已经)，用现在完成时态；答句句末有a moment ago(刚才)，用一般过去时态，所以选C。2.海南-Has John e ?-Yes. He has_ been here for 10 minutes.A. yet, already B. already, yetC. already, already D. yet, yet解析根据上面分析， yet 常用于疑 、否定句式中；already常用于肯定的现在完成时态句式中；本题应选A。2.继续 表示过去已经开始，持续到现在，而且还能继续下去的动作或状态，往往和表示一段时间的状语连用，如：today, this week, lately, these days, in the past few days, by the end of, for时间段，since时间点，since从句(用一般过去时态)1.吉林The 2002 World Cup Soccer Match_for over 20 days since May 31st.A. has begun B. lasted C. began D. has lasted2.辽宁Hurry up! The play_ for ten minutes.A. has begun B. have begun C. has been on D. began解析12for时间段引导的句子谓语动词必须为延动词，begin, catch, buy, borrow, lend是点动词，故答案为D， C。3.大连Jim has been in the factory for two years_ he left school.A. when B. since C. as soon as D. whether4.达州I havent had a good rest since I_my hometown.A. left B. have left C. had left解析34根据上述分析，现在完成时态中since引导的从句要用一般过去时态，故答案为B， A。5.安徽-What did Mr Jones do before he moved here?-He_ a city bus for over twenty-five years.A. is driving B. drove C. had driven D. drives6.广州They_about eight hundred English words by the end of last term.A. will learn B. has learned C. are going to learn D. had learned解析根据上述分析，by the end of(到为止)和for 时间段构成的时间状语常常用现在/过去完成时态，所以答案为C， D。7.海南The foreign teachers have worked in that school _last year.A. since B. when C. before D. until解析现在完成时态的时间状语可以用since时间点，故选A。8.河北-Do you know him well?-Sure, We_ friends since ten years ago.A. were B. have been C. have bee D. have made解析since短语为完成时态的标志，其所在句子的谓语动词必须为延动词，bee 和make 为点动词，been为延动词，故选B。3.经验 表示从过去到现在之间曾经经历过的事情。常和often, never, ever, once, twice, three times, before等连用。注意：have(has)gone to指去了某地，已在某地或在去某地的途中，常用于第三人称与Wheres.? He has gone to.或He isnt here. He hasd gone to.两句型中； have (has) been to指去过某地(表某人的一种经历)，现在回来，可与once, twice, ever, before等连用；have(has)been in/at现在某地，常与时间段连用。1.甘肃Miss Green isnt in the office. She_to the library.A. has gone B. went C. will D. has been2.黄冈-Where is Miss Gao, Lily?-She_ to the teachers.A. has been B. has gone C. went D. go解析13根据上述分析，have(has) gone to 常用于Wheres .?He has gone to.或He isnt here. He has gone to.句型中，因此答案为A， B。3.青岛-Look! That man looks like Mr Brown.-It_ be him, for he America.A. cant; has gone to B. may not; has goneC. mustnt has been to D. cant, has been to解析说那不可能是Mr Brown，因此He isnt here. 所以用He has gone to.句型，故选A。4.河北-May I speak to John?-Sorry, he_ Japan. But he_ in two days,A. has been to, will be back B. has gone to, will be backC. has been in, would e back D. has gone to, wont e back解析根据题意知“他去了日本”，用has gone to; in two days用于将来时，表两天后，故选 B。5.宁波-Have you ever_the book “Red Star over China” written by Edgar Snow?-Not yet.A. watched B. looked C. read D. heard解析句中有ever(曾经)，应用现在完成时态，而“读书”应用短语read the book,动词read的过去分词是read,故选C。6.乌鲁木齐We_English five years ago. We it for five years.A. learned, learned B. learn, have learnedC. have learned, have learned D. learned, have learned解析five years ago(五年前)是一般过去时态的时间状语；for时间段是现在完成时态的时间状语，故选B。2. Project HopeProject Hope (希望工程) is a public service project organized by the China Youth Development Foundation (CYDF). Started in October 1989, it aims to bring schools into poverty-stricken rural areas of China, to help children whose families are too poor to afford it to plete elementary school education. Through Project Hope, the CYDF has also sought to improve educational facilities and improve teaching quality in poorer regions. By the end of 2002, Project Hope has raised over 2 billion Renminbi (about 250 million U.S. dollars). Over 9000 Hope Primary Schools (希望小学) have been constructed in various impoverished regions.
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