2019-2020年九年级英语数词用法总结.doc

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2019-2020年九年级英语数词用法总结一. 本周教学内容 数词用法总结二. 知识归纳与总结A. 基础知识(一)数词的分类:表示数目多少或顺序的词叫数词。数词分为基数词和序数词。表示数目多少的数词叫基数词。one,two表示顺序次第的数词叫序数词。the first(第一)、 the second(第二)(二)数词的用法:1. 作主语Thirty of them are Party members. 他们之中的三十人是党员。2. 作宾语Please pass me the second. 请递给我第二个。 3. 作定语The nine boys are from Tianjin. 这九个男孩子是天津人。4. 作表语Six plus four is ten. 六加四等于十。5. 作同位语(只限基数词)We four will go with you. 我们四个人将和你一起去。B. 用法总结(一)基数词的表示方法:1. 112 的基数词:one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve2. 1319的基数词,在个位数上加后缀 -teen构成,并有两个重音。thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen3. 2090等十位数由29 加后缀-ty构成。twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty, seventy, eighty, ninety 4. 2129由十位数20加个位数19 构成,十位和个位之间加连字符号“”,其他十位数以此类推。21 twenty-one、44 forty-four、98 ninety-eight5. 多位数的读法 从后向前数,每三位数加一个“,”;第一个“,”号前为thousand(千),第二个“,”号前为million(百万),然后再逐段表达。 三位数数词要在百位和十位(若无十位则和个位)之间加and。45,632,798 读作forty-five million, six hundred and thirty-two thousand, seven hundred and ninety-eight(二)序数词的表示方法:序数词 = 基数词+th,但以下几个特殊:onefirst, twosecond, threethird, fivefifth. eighteighth, nineninth, twelvetwelfth, twentytwentieth , a hundreda hundredth(三)倍数、分数、小数、百分数的表示方法:1. 倍数:time(s) This room is three times as large as that one. 这个房间有那个房间三个大。Three threes are nine. or Three times three is nine. 三三得九。2. 分数:分子用基数词表示,分母用序数词表示,分子为2以上时,分母(序数词)应变为复数。三分之一,one third, a third; 五分之三,three fifths数短语作主语时,谓语的数由of 后面的名词来决定,名词为可数名词复数,则谓语用复数;名词为不可数名词,谓语用单数。A third of the land is covered by forests. Two thirds of the workers are working hard.3. 小数:小数点前的基数词与前面所讲的基数词读法完全相同,小数点后面则须将数字一一读出。1.25 读作 one point two five0.56 读作naught point five six或zero point five six4. 百分数:百分号%读作 percenteg. 5% 读作 five percent (四)算式表达法:1. 加法A+B=C A plus B is C. or A and B is C.2. 减法AB=C A minus B is C. or B from A is C.3. 乘法AB=C A times B is C. or A multiplied by B is C.4. 除法 AB=C A divided by B is C.5. 大于AB A is more than B.6. 小于AB A is less than B. (五)常见数词的表示法及读法1. 章节、页数的读法第一章:the first chapter ; Chapter One第二节:the second section ; Section Two第三课:the third lesson ; Lesson Three第463页:page four six three第2564页:page two five six four或twenty-five sixty-four注意:如果页码的数字较长,通常用基数词。2. 房间、门牌、电话号码的读法 第305房间:Room three o(零)five长安街76号:seventy-six Changan Street电话号码:204-2244:telephone number two o(零) four two two(double two) four four十一路公共汽车:Bus(No.) eleven3. 年代、日期、时刻的读法(1)年份是四位数字时,各分成二位来读,eg. 公元1995年:1995(=nineteen ninety-five)(2)日期使用一般的序数词来读取eg. 5月10日:May 10th(=May tenth)(3)时刻通常用基数词来读eg. 8点45分:8: 45(=eight forty-five)(4)年代表示法:eg. 二十世纪九十年代:1990s nineteen nineties4. hundred, thousand, million用法:hundred, thousand, million前面有具体数字,要用单数形式,但如果它们后面有of,那它们要用复数形式,同时,前面不能再加具体的数目。eg. two thousand 两千 thousands of 成千上万hundreds of 成百上千 millions of 数以百万计Thousands and thousands of people have visited the city.成千上万的人参观了这座城市。(六)需注意的问题:1. 数词名词用“”连在一起作定语,后面名词不用复数。eg. a four-year-old boy 2. 有些结构既有基数词又有序数词。eg. the first three questions the last five minutes3. 英语中有一些短语包含数词,不能从表面上理解它们的意义 eg. one and the only 唯一 be at one with 与 一致be on all fours 匍匐;趴Twos pany, three is a crowd 二人成伴,三人不欢 one and the same 同一个;完全一样 for one 举个例子说ten to one 十之八九 a thousand to one 十之八九talk nineteen to the dozen 滔滔不绝 by twos and threes 三三两两in ones and twos 三三两两first and last 总共 first of all 首先 from the first 从一开始4. 英语中有些含有数词的惯用法,在翻译成汉语时往往只意译。 eg. It broke into a dozen pieces 打成了碎片。I have tried scores of times. 我已经试了好多次。A thousand thanks for your help. 非常感谢你的帮助。 We have tried a thousand and one ways. 我们已经试了好多次了。 The weather changes twenty-one times a day here. 此处天气变化多样。【典型例题】1. I was 8 years old when my father was 31. This year my father is twice my age. How old am I ? A. 21 B.22 C.23 D.24答案:C解析:此题是智力测试题。根据题意,我的年龄是23岁。 2. Which is the smallest number of the four, do you know? Yes, its _. A. two thirds B. a quarter C. a half D. three fifths答案:B解析:从选项中可知最小数字是四分之一,即a quarter3. The earth is about _ as the moon. A. as fifty time big B. fifty times as big C. as big fifty time D. fifty as times big答案:B解析:time表示倍数时可数,应在后面加上s,表示数量的词修饰比较级时应放在比较级之前。 4. Our summer holiday is ing. Two _ the students in our school will go to the beach. A. hundred B. hundreds C. hundred of D. hundreds of 答案:C解析:如果空格后没有定冠词the ,则选A;如果空格前没有数字two,则选D。 5. There are _ people in my family. We live on the _ floor in a tall building. A. five; six B. fifth; sixth C. fifth; six D. five; sixth答案:D解析:基数词表示数量,序数词表示序号。6. The doctor worked for _ after twelve oclock. . (xx 河北)A. two more hours B. two another hourC. more two hours D. another two hour答案:A解析:more修饰数词时,位置在数词之后。another修饰数词时放在数词前。D项hour是单数,所以不正确。7. Wu Dong won the girls _ race in the school sports meeting last week. (xx 湖南)A. 100 metres B. 100 metresC. 100 -metres D. 100-metre 答案:D解析:数词、名词、形容词等词用连字符连接成的形容词中,名词都不要加s,如: I have to write a two-thousand-word report .而且由连字符组成的形容词只能放于名词前,不能放于名词后,作后置定语,或用在be动词后作表语。8. Whats 1/9 and 2/3? _. (xx 安徽)A. Seven-ninths B. Five-sixths C. Seven-ninth D. Five-ninths答案:A解析:数字计算题。三分之二即九分之六,九分之一加九分之六等于九分之七。分子大于1时,分母加-s。
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