2019-2020年高考英语阅读、完形填空选练（9）.doc

2019-2020年高考英语阅读、完形填空选练（9）阅读理解To hitch-hike successfully in any country you must be able to do two things: attract attention and at the same time convince the driver at a glance that you do not intend to rob or murder him. To fulfill the first requirement you must have some mark to distinguish you at once from all other hikers. A serviceman, for instance, should wear his uniform, and a student his red scarf. In a foreign country an unmistakable indication of your own nationality will also arrest a drivers attention. When I hitch-hiked 9, 500 miles across the United States and back recently I wore a well-tailored suit, a bowler hat and a trench coat, and carried a pencil-thin rolled black umbrella. My suitcase was decorated with British flags. Having plenty of luggage, moreover, I was not likely to be suspected of being a dangerous lunatic(精神病患者). I then had to get across to the driver the idea that I was a real traveler, and needed to get somewhere cheaply. But even with careful preparation, you must not assume that the task will be easy. You should be prepared to wait a little, for there are drivers who confess to a fierce prejudice against, (not to say hatred of)hitch-hikers, and would no more pick up a hiker than march from Aldermaston to London. In America, my average wait is half an hour, and my longest is two hours, but I have heard of people waiting all day: they probably took less pains to make themselves easy to notice. Nor must you assume that all the drivers who stop for you are nice, normal people. On one occasion I found myself driving with two boys of about nineteen who turned out to be on the run from the police, and were hoping to use me as an alibi. There are also lesser(较小的)risks: you may find yourself in the car of a Fascist fanatic, a Mormon missionary(传教士), or just a bad driver. You cannot tell, of course until you are in the car. But you soon learn the art of the quick excuse that gets you out again. If the hitch-hiker in the US remembers that he is seeking the willingness of drivers to give him a free ride, and is prepared to give in exchange entertainment and pany, and not go to sleep, he will e across the remarkable, almost legendary, hospitality of American of the West. It will also help if he can driveI think that I drove myself about 4, 500 of those 9, 500 miles I hitch-hiked in the States. 【文章大意】文章主要介绍了作者如何搭乘便车的一些经验, 如装束、等车、遇到的司机, 还特别提及了在美国的一些有关搭乘便车的趣事。1. A serviceman should wear his uniform. A. so as not to look too unusualB. to attract attentionC. to show he is on dutyD. to put the driver at ease【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第一段“attract attention and at the same time convince the driver at a glance that you do not intend to rob or murder him. . . A serviceman, for instance, should wear his uniform”可以得知答案。2. In Paragraph 3, we learn that the writer. A. has sometimes failed to hitch a rideB. has marched from Aldermaston to LondonC. has been successful in hitching a rideD. has had to wait for long hours for a ride【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第三段的最后一句中my average wait is half an hour, and my longest is two hours, but I have heard of people waiting all day可知作者是比较成功的。3. The main idea of Paragraph 4 is that. A. it is dangerous to be in a car with strangersB. hitch-hiking may turn out to be risky sometimesC. a hitch-hiker must also learn the art of quick excuseD. hitch-hikers might e across bad drivers【解析】选B。段落大意题。第四段的第一句是主题句。遇到的司机不见得个个都是正常人, 从后面的例子也得知乘便车是有危险性的。4. A suitable title for the passage would be“”. A. The art of hitch-hikingB. An Englishmans view of the USC. An English hitch-hikerD. The joys and dangers of hitch-hiking【解析】选A。主旨大意题。此处的art是“技巧”的意思。全文讲的是搭乘便车的一些经验和技巧, 故A是最佳答案。【技法导练】多学一点棋高一着阅读理解如何辨别主旨大意题的错误选项在阅读理解中, 主旨大意题的错误选项一般有以下几个特点: 1. 以偏概全。故意片面地理解文章, 把文章中出现过的某一个观点当成整篇文章的主题。2. 放大或缩小文章的主题。把文章的主题进行放大或者缩小。3. 偷换概念。把文章主题换成相关但不同的主题。请说出A篇阅读理解中三个错误选项分别属于哪种错误类型。题号选项错误类型4B_C_D_答案:题号选项错误类型4B偷换概念C放大主题D以偏概全阅读理解Maggie was very glad that James was not a frequent visitor to the house. So far as the children were concerned, they had a mystery about him that stirred their imagination. He stirred Maggies anger, however, so that she often said to her husband, “Its mercy that brother of yours doesnt e oftener.” In fact James came once a year, unexpectedly, around eight oclock in the evening, and he stayed for six hours of close discussion with his brother. His arrival was a signal to the children that their bedtime would be delayed. Not that he ever spoke to them or played with them. He took no notice of them, as if he was unable to see children, at least until the time came for him to go. Instead, after his first greeting and a careless kiss, James took no notice of Maggie either, except to add, “Youll be getting on with the supper, Maggie.” Such was his regard for her. Maggie paid him back in her own way. She kept the children up, the four of them, to keep her pany, she said, but of course they sang and made a noise and broke the endless sound of Jamess voice. Very late, they dropped off to sleep in their chairs. Then, when James was about to go, Maggie woke them up and so more or less forced him to part with four shillings before he left. That gave her some satisfaction, for James, though rich, was mean. He always went home by the last train, just after two oclock. Maggies children secretly stared at their uncle. They could not forget that he had, in their mothers words, “lost two wives and taken a third, ” They wondered about those two unfortunate lost ladies. They asked each other what their fate had been, and if neither could ever be found again. James never brought his third wife with him nor ever mentioned her. The children decided that he must be so frightened of losing her that he never allowed her outside the door. 11. The underlined word “mercy” in the text most probably means _. A. loss B. wonder C. lucky thing D. terrible thing 12. Maggie never prepared anything special for James because _. A. he was a man difficult to please B. she never knew when he was ing C. she was too busy looking after her children D. he never stayed long enough for a meal 13. What do we know about James behavior? A. He was a kind man, with love for the family. B. He was generous, especially towards his brother. C. He was anxious to please the family, especially the kids. D. He was rude to his sister-in-law. 14. Maggie felt pleased when _. A. she paid James the money that she owed him B. James gave some money to the children C. she had to wake James up to catch his train D. James thanked her for the nice supper 15. The children did not realize that two of James wives _. A. had been dead B. suffered from loss of memory C. had run away from him D. might appear again one day【答案与解析】本文讲Maggie和她的孩子们对他们的叔叔James来访的不欢迎。11. C。词义猜测题。Maggie不喜欢James的来访, 由此可以说他不常来是一件幸运的事，所以答案为C。12. B。事实细节题。根据 In fact James came once a year, unexpectedly可知答案为B。13. D。推理判断题。根据 except to add, “Youll be getting on with the supper, Maggie.” Such was his regard for her可知他对Maggie的态度不是很友好，故答案为D。14. B。推理判断题。根据 Maggie woke them up and so more or less forced him to part with four shillings before he left. That gave her some satisfaction可知答案为B。15. A。推理判断题。根据 They wondered about those two unfortunate lost ladies可知答案为A。完形填空。阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D中，选出最佳答案。Anna Douglas was 72 years old when she started writing her newspaper columnShe had been a school teacher before she retired（退休），but she needed to keep1 She was even willing to work without payShe then offered her2 with a business that helped other businesses find jobs for old peopleEvery day she3 other old folks like herBy talking with them，she4 two thingsOld people had abilities that were not5 But old people also had some6 She found a new purpose for herself then Through the years，she7 to write stories about people for national magazinesThere was now a new8 ： Old people like herselfShe began to write a newspaper column called “Sixty Plus”， which was about9 old She writes about the problems of old people，especially their problems with being10 Anna Douglas uses her11 ability to see the truth behind a problemShe understands12 problems beginFor example，one of her13 said that his grandchildren14 the houses as soon as he came to visitMrs. Douglas15 some ways for him to understand his grandchildren “Its important to know16 about your grandchildrens world，”says Mrs. Douglas“That means questioning and listening，and17 is not what old people do bestSay good things to them and about them，”she continues“Never try to18 your grandchildren or other young peopleNever19 your opinionDont tell them what they should do20 ，they have been taught they should have respect for old peopleThe old should respect them as well” ( ) 1Afree Brich Cpowerful Dbusy ( ) 2AserviceBmoneyCstudents Dbooks ( ) 3Aobserved BmetCfortedDanswered ( ) 4Arecognized Bfollowed CenjoyedDdemanded ( ) 5AstudiedBagreed Cgave Dused ( ) 6Amistakes Bproblems CquestionsDcharacters ( ) 7AhadBoughtCwasDused ( ) 8AsubjectBlife CwayDplan ( ) 9AgettingBrespecting CemployingDsupporting ( ) 10Aunknown BrefusedCmisunderstoodDdiscouraged ( ) 11AthinkingBworkingCwritingDleading ( ) 12AthatBwhen CwhyDwhether ( ) 13AvisitorsBreadersClistenersDfriends ( ) 14Agot BenteredCleft Dpassed ( ) 15AinventedBchoseCsuggestedDimagined ( ) 16AeverythingBsomethingCanything Dnothing ( ) 17Alistening Bspeaking Cpleasing Dadvising ( ) 18ApraiseBscoldCtroubleDencourage ( ) 19Aspeak out Bgive upCget back Dstick to ( ) 20AmonlyBSurprisingly CHappilyDNaturally 完形填空1. D。她从教师工作上退了下来，然而她一直很忙。B项有一定干扰性。keep rich意思是“富有”，从后文she was even willing to work without pay可以看出B项不合题意。 2. A。从空后的that helped other businesses find jobs for old people可以看出，她提供的是商业服务。 3. B。从空后的By talking with them可以看出，Anna Douglas每天都与很多老年人会面，而不是观察或安慰他们。 4. A。通过与他们交谈，她认识到两件事情。接下来的两句便是她认识到的事情。recognize在这里是“认识到”的意思。 5. D。老年人有未被利用的能力。这是她积极为老年人找工作发挥他们余热的原因。其他答案不合题意。 6. B。然而老年人也有老年人的问题。A项有较大干扰性。从后文我们知道，有一位老年人不受其孙子女的欢迎，这是他面临的问题，而不是错误。 7. D。从后文She began to write a newspaper column called“Sixty Plus”，我们知道，她为国家杂志写人物故事是以前的事。 8. A。联系上下文Old people like herself是报纸的一个话题（subject），因此其它选项不合题意。 9. A。get old在这里为系表结构，其它选项不正确。 10. C。B，D项有较大干扰性。作者举的例子说明很多老年人被其孙子女误解，而不是（他们的要求）被拒绝等。 11. A。从空后的see the truth behind a problem我们得知，Anna Douglas用的是 thinking abilities。 12. C。从下文举的例子看，她明白的是事情的起因，因此其它选项不合题意。 13. B。A项有较大干扰性。从前文我们知道Anna Douglas是靠写文章与老年人交流，而不是建立了咨询中心，因此A项不合题意。 14. C。联系上下文我们可以推知，这位老年人与其孙子女关系并不融洽，因此当他进来时，孩子们就离开。 15. C。她给这位老人建议了几种方法。 16. B。A，C有较大干扰性。从空后的 your grandchildrens world我们得知，想了解孙子女世界的一切是不可能的。 17. A。本空承接and前的分句而来，因此答案应在questioning和listening间选择，选项中没有questioning。 18. B。联系上文Say good things to them and about them得此答案。A项有一定干扰性，空前的Never决定了此选项不正确。 19. D。stick to在这里是“固执地坚持”。A，B均有一定干扰性。联系前文Mrs. Douglas认为老人应该多听听孙子女的见解，不要太固执地坚持自己的看法。 speak out意思是“说出”，give up是“放弃”，因此不合题意。 20. A。D有较大干扰性。Naturally意思是“自然而然地”，而monly指“通常情况下”。