2019-2020年高考英语阅读、完形填空选练（12）.doc

2019-2020年高考英语阅读、完形填空选练（12）阅读理解Hispanic Heritage Month(拉丁文化月)is the period when people recognize the contributions of Hispanic Americans to the United States and celebrate Hispanic culture. Hispanic Heritage Week was approved by President Lyndon Johnson in 1968 and was expanded by President Ronald Reagan in 1988 to cover a 30-day period starting on September 15 and ending on October 15. The law came into force on August 17, 1988. September 15 was chosen as the starting point for the celebration because it is the anniversary of independence of five Latin American countries: Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras and Nicaragua. They all declared independence in 1821. In addition, Mexico, Chile and Belize celebrate their independence days on September 16, September 17 and September 18. Hispanic Heritage Month also celebrates the long and important presence of Hispanic Americans in North America. A map of late 18th century North America shows this presence, from San Francisco to Florida. Spanish explorers traveled further north along the Pacific Coast to Canada in 1774 and by the late 18th century they had established a military post on Vancouver Island, 350 miles north of Seattle. The Spanish sailed up the Atlantic Coast through the Chesapeake Bay in 1526, then called the Bahia de Santa Maria, about 80 years before the romanticized English encounter with Pocahontas. In the 1520s Spanish navigators also explored as far north as Cape Cod, Massachusetts, and the present site of Bangor, Maine. The Spanish settled in the southwest of North America in the 16th century and officially founded Santa Fe, New Mexico in 1610. About 47 million people in the United States are Hispanic Americans. Their families e from countries where people speak Spanish. Here are some ways you can take part in this special month. Move Your FeetMusic is a big part of Hispanic life. People dont just listen. They get up and dance! Play a GamePinatas are toys filled with treats. Kids take turns trying to break a pinata with a stick. They pick up the treats that fall out. Wrap It UpThe tortilla is a popular food. It is a type of flat bread. It is often filled with meat, beans, tomatoes and cheese. Then it is wrapped up and eaten. Yum! Speak SpanishMany Hispanic Americans speak two languagesSpanish and English. Say“hola”. That means“hello”in English. 【文章大意】本文主要介绍了美国拉丁文化月的一些情况。1. The first paragraph is mainly about. A. the establishment of Hispanic Heritage MonthB. the celebrations during Hispanic Heritage MonthC. the contributions of Hispanic AmericansD. the importance of Hispanic culture【解析】选A。段落大意题。第一段主要讲的是在美国两任总统的努力下, 美国拉丁文化月最终建立。2. What do we know about Hispanic Heritage Month? A. It was first celebrated in 1968. B. It honors some famous Hispanic Americans. C. It is celebrated mainly in Latin America. D. The biggest celebrations take place on September 1618. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。由文章第三段中的Hispanic Heritage Month also celebrates the long and important presence of Hispanic Americans in North America. 可知, 举办拉丁文化月也是为了纪念一些著名的拉丁裔美国人。3. We can learn from the passage that. A. pinatas are made of sticksB. tortillas are a kind of food for childrenC. Mexico declared independence on September 15D. Hispanic Americans had an influence on 18th centurys America【解析】选D。细节理解题。由文章第三段中的A map of late 18th century North America shows this presence, from San Francisco to Florida. 可知, 拉丁裔美国人在十八世纪已经产生影响力了。4. What is the authors purpose in writing the passage? A. To encourage people to get involved in Hispanic Heritage Month. B. To introduce Hispanic Heritage Month briefly. C. To show the achievements of Hispanic Americans. D. To introduce the history of Latin American countries. 【解析】选B。写作意图题。本文主要介绍美国拉丁文化月的建立及拉丁文化月期间举办的一些活动。阅读理解。Saturday, October 7th, was a marathon of sad tasks for Anna Politkovskaya. Two weeks earlier, her father, a retired official in the department of foreign affairs, had died of a heart attack as he emerged from the Moscow Metro while on his way to visit Politkovskayas mother, Raisa Mazepa, in the hospital. She had just been diagnosed (诊断)with cancer and was too weak even to attend her husbands funeral. “Your father will forgive me, because he knows that I have always loved him,” she told Anna and her sister, Elena Kudimova, the day he was buried. A week later, she had an operation and since then Anna and Elena had been taking turns helping her deal with her grief.Politkovskaya was supposed to spend the day at the hospital, but her twenty-six-year-old daughter, who was pregnant, had just moved into Politkovskayas apartment, on Lesnaya Street, while her own place was being prepared for the baby. “Anna had so much on her mind,” Elena Kudimova told me when we met in London, before Christmas. “And she was trying to finish her article.” Politkovskaya was a special reporter for the small newspaper Novaya Gazeta, and, like most of her work, the piece focused on the terror that can be seen all over the southern republic of Chechnya. This time, she had been trying to report repeated cruel acts done by people faithful to the Prime Minister, Ramzan Kadyrov, who are in favour of Russia. In the past seven years, Politkovskaya had written dozens of accounts of life during wartime; many had been collected in her book “A Small Corner of Hell: reports from Chechnya.” Politkovskaya was far more likely to spend time in a hospital than on a battlefield, and her writing bore frequent witness to robbery, and the uncontrolled cruelty of life in a place that few other Russiansand almost no other reporterscared to think about. 16. Politkovskayas father died of _.A. tiredness B. a heart disease C. an attack D. an accident17. From the text we know that Raisa Mazepa _. A. didnt love her husband B. didnt attend her husbands funeralC. was having an operation the day her husband was buried D. was too sad to attend her husbands funeral18. The underlined word “emerged” most likely means _. A. came out B. went into C. disappeared D. left for19. How many family members of Anna are mentioned in the passage? A. Three. B. Four C. Five D. Six20. Which of the following words can best describe Politkovskayas character? A. Curious B. easy-going C. careless D. responsible【参考答案】1620、BBACD完形填空。阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D中，选出最佳答案。Lose-Win is weak. Its easy to get stepped on. Its easy to be the nice guy. Its easy to give in, all in the name of being a peacemaker.A girl named Jenny once told me about her 1 in the world of Lose Win during her eighth grade year before she finally broke 2 :My 3 with my mom all started one day 4 she said to me sarcastically(讽刺地)，“Wow, youre sure sassy today.” I 5 it so literally (字面地) that then and there I decided to close myself off from her and never 6 back to her. So every time she would say something 7 I disagreed with her I would just say, “Okay, 8 you want, Mom”But I really got cold quickly. And my 9 began to build. One night I talked to my mom about the school homework and she said, “Oh, thats 10 ”and then went back to mop the floor.“Dont you ever 11 ?”I thought. But I didnt say anything and stormed off. She had no idea I was 12 upset. She would have been willing to talk to me had I 13 her how important it was to me.At last, I just blew up. “Mom, this has got to 14 . You tell me everything you want me to do and I just do it because its 15 than fighting. Well, Im sick of it.” This all came as a 16 to her.After my blowup, we felt like we were 17 all over in our relationship. But its getting better all the time. We discuss things now and I always 18 my feeling with her.If you adopt Lose Win as your basic 19 toward life, then people will wipe their dirty feet on you. Youll also be 20 your true feelings deep inside. And thats not healthy.( ) 1.A.wanderings B. disappointment C. lessons D. helplessness( ) 2.A.out B .down C. up D. free( ) 3.A.relationship B .problems C. quarrels D. improvement( ) 4.A.as B .since C. when D. before( ) 5.A.regarded B. treated C. received D. took( ) 6.A.fight B .struggle C. talk D. turn( ) 7.A.even if B. only if C. as long as D. as though( ) 8.A.something B. whatever C. so much D. too much( ) 9.A.coldness B. anger C. disagreement D. hope( ) 10.A.true B. impossible C. nice D. important( ) 11.A.care B. see C. say D. listen( ) 12.A.also B. still C. even D. already( ) 13.A.warned B. shown C. asked D. told( ) 14.A.end B. change C. last D. stop( ) 15.A.worse B. easier C. more D. less( ) 16.A.surprise B. pleasure C. gift D. harm( ) 17.A.going B. starting C. thinking D. reviewing( ) 18.A.share B. have C. discuss D. improve( ) 19.A.way B. method C. attitude D. theory( ) 20.A.hurting B. waking C. storing D. hiding1.A 通过下文看，Jenny讲述了自己从忍气吞声到最终摆脱出来的过程。而在此过程中，她经历了从妥协到气愤以至最后跟妈妈理论争得尊严的过程。因此，选“徘徊”最能说明这个过程。2.D break free“挣脱”，“获得心灵、精神上的解放”，符合Jenny争得自己尊严的结果。3.B 从后文看，这儿指的是“我”跟妈妈的“问题、矛盾”的出现。4.C when引导定语从句，修饰前面的名词day,本身作状语。5.D take此处意思是“接受、理解”之意，此处指作者并未真正了解妈妈对她的讽刺口吻，仅仅理解她所说的话的字面意义。6.C talk back“还嘴、顶嘴”，此处指Jenny决定忍气吞声，不跟妈妈顶嘴。7.A even if引导让步状语从句，当“即使”讲，Jenny此处决定即使妈妈说的不对，也不去顶撞她。8.B 此处指Jenny总是不顶撞妈妈，妈妈说什么就是什么，因此用whatever“无论什么”。9.B Jenny虽然不顶撞妈妈，但内心的“怒气”在聚集。10.C 理解下文Jenny生气可知，此处是妈妈“敷衍”我的话，意为“好啊”，表现出妈妈对我的学业漠不关心。11.A care当“关心、在乎”讲，此处Jenny在内心里反问：妈妈关心过我吗？12.C even此处用来加强语气。进一步说明妈妈对“我”漠不关心，意为：她甚至不知道我生气了。also, still, already均不合逻辑。13.D 此处句子结构是虚拟语气，假如我“告诉”妈妈，她会明白学业对我来说有多么重要。14.B Jenny最后终于爆发，对妈妈说：这一切需要“改变”了。Jenny不能再忍气吞声下去了。15.B Jenny在申诉：忍气吞声是为了避免跟妈妈发生冲突，为了大家好，即：我忍气吞声总比与你发生争执来对大家说“更容易”。16.A 表示妈妈没有预料到“我”会这么生气，而且向她申诉。surprise用作可数名词，当“令人吃惊的事情”讲。17.B 表示“我”和妈妈的关系有了新的“开始”。start all over表示“重新开始”。18.A share:with:与妈妈分享（交流）自己的感情，符合题意跟搭配关系。19.C 后面的介词是toward,因此只有选“态度”才符合题意跟搭配关系。20.D Jenny最后发表议论，“忍气吞声”、把自己的真实感情“隐藏”起来对健康不利。