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ImportantculturalinformationaboutthethreesistersoftheBrontes,CharlotteBronte:bornon21April1816inThornton,Yorkshire,England.Shediedon31March1855fromcomplicationsduringpregnancy.HermostfamousworkisJaneEyre,1,ImportantculturalinformationaboutthethreesistersoftheBrontes,EmilyBronte:bornon30July1818anddiedon19December1848fromtuberculosis.Herbest-knownworkisWutheringHeights.,AnnaBronte:bornon17January1820anddiedon28May1948frominfluenza.Herbest-knownworkisAgnesGrey.,2,ImportantculturalinformationaboutthethreesistersoftheBrontes,ThethreesistersCharlotte,EmilyandAnnefirstpublishedtheirpoetryunderpseudonyms:PoemsbyCurrer.EllisandActionBellwasreleasedin1846,sellingonlyafewcopies.Thetwosisters,EmilyandCharlotte,hadalmostsimultaneouslywrittenwhatlaterbecameknownastwoofthegreatnovelsofEnglishLiterature.CharlottesnovelJaneEyrewaspublishedin1847,shortlyafterEmilysWutheringHeights.JaneEyrewasanimmediatesuccessandCharlottewentontopublishShirley(1848)andVillette(1853).Sheoutlivedhersisterbutstillwasonly38whenshediedduringpregnancy.,3,Thethreesistersalllivedatragiclife,dyingveryyoung.Charlottewastheonlyoneofthesisterstomarry.HernovelTheProfessorwaswrittenbeforeJaneEyrebutnotpublisheduntil1857.AschildrenthethreeprecocioussistersandtheirbrotherBranwelldreamtupandwroteintricatehistoriesofthefantasykingdomsofAngriaandGondal;LegendsofAngria,acollectionofCharlotteschildhoodwritings,waspublishedin1933.,4,Part2ReadingComprehension,sacrifice:giveupsth.Ofgreatvaluetooneselfforaspecialpurpose,ortobenefitsb.else.e.g.Hesacrificedhislifetosavethedrowningchild.Shehassacrificedherself(herlife,herpleasuresandpastimes)toherhusbandsinterestsandwelfare(利益和好处).,5,Part2ReadingComprehension,Para.1Brainhassupplantbrawn:Brawnreferstophysicalstrengthwhilebrainindicatesintellectualpower.SupplantTaketheplaceof(sb.)esp.aftergettinghimoutofoffice取而代之e.g.ThePrimeMinisterwassupplantedbyhisrival.,6,Part2ReadingComprehension,culturalpreference:traditionalbiasedopinioninfavorofsomething/sometypeofpeople.warn:give(sb.)noticeofpossibledangerorunpleasantconsequence;informinadvanceofwhatmayhappen.e.g.Hewaswarnedofthedanger.Wewarnedthemnottogoskatingonsuchthinice.Hewarnedmethattherewerepickpocketsinthecrowd.,7,Part2ReadingComprehension,dismiss:sendaway(fromonesemployment,fromservice)e.g.Theservantwasdismissedforbeinglazyanddishonest.Theofficewasdismissedtheservice(ordismissedformtheservice)forneglectofduty.2)allowtogoe.g.theteacherdismissedhisclasswhenthebellrang.3)Putawayformthemind,orstopthinkingortalkingaboute.g.todismissallthoughtsofrevenge摒除一切报复的念头,8,Languagepoints,Para.2hingeon/upon:turnordepend(on,upon)以而定e.g.Everythinghingesuponwhathappensnext.Para.3hoard:saveandstore(up)e.g.hoardgoldhoarduptreasurepackhimoffto:sendhimto(preparingtheluggageandprovidingfareforhim)e.g.WhentheChristmasseasonwasover,theparentspackedthechildrenofftotheboardingschool.,9,Languagepoints,Para.4thefamilylandedBranwellajob:thefamilyfoundajobforBranwelldeserve:beentitledto;merit应该得到,值得e.g.Goodworkdeservesgoodpay.Hecertainlydeservestobesenttoprison.,10,Languagepoints,Para.5convince:make(sb.)feelcertaine.g.Wecouldntconvincehimofhismistake.Iamconvincedthatheishonest.turntoa.goorapplyto求助于e.g.Thechildturnedtoitsmotherforcomfort.b.Setabout,getbusy(with)开始,着手e.g.Itstimeweturnedto(ourwork).,11,Languagepoints,Para.6atonesexpense:atthecostofe.g.Hebecameabrilliantscholar,butonlyattheexpenseofhishealth.forfearof:becauseofanxietyaboute.g.Sheaskedusnottobenoisy,forfearofwakingthebaby.forfearthat:inorderthate.g.Idarenttellyouwhathedid,forfearthatheshouldbeangrywithme.,12,Languagepoints,Para.7Pent-up:shutupwithinnarrowlimits;notallowedtobefreeorfreelyexpressed.e.g.Idontlikebeingpentupinthehouseallthetime.Agoodargumentallowsyoutoreleaseyourpent-upemotions.conflict1)vi.beinoppositionordisagreemente.g.Theiraccountifthecausesofthewarconflictswithours.2)n.(ofopinion,desires,etc.)opposition;differenceThetwopartieshavebeeninconflictsincetheelection.Thegovernorsrefusaltoapplythelawbroughthimintoconflictwiththefederalgovernment.,13,Languagepoints,Para.8toll:(fig.)sth.Paid,lost,orsufferede.g.thetolloftheroads(deathandinjuriesformtrafficaccidents)Thewartookaheavytollofthenationsmanhood.ButyearsofsacrificeforBranwellhadtakentheirtoll:Butyearsofhardworkhadhadadestructiveeffectonthehealthofthethreesister.nurture:bringup,givecare,trainingoreducationtoe.g.adelicatelynurturedgirl一个经悉心教养的女孩,14,Languagepoints,Para.9Theirsacrificedgeniuscriedouttousthat:Theirsacrificedgeniustellsusforcefullythate.g.Thedangerofdeathonthehighwaycriesoutforcarefuldriving.cryoneseyes(heart)out:weepverybitterly嚎啕痛哭,15,Languagepoints,Para.10Puttingallofhiseggsinonemalebasket:puttingallhishopesonhissonBranwell.Theexpressionisderivedformthesayingputtingalloneseggsinonebasketwhichmeanstodependentirelyonthesuccessofonescheme,plan,etc.,16,ReadMore,grate:(fig.)haveanirritatingeffect产生不满情绪cup:(fig.)thatcomestoaperson;experiencee.g.Hiscupofhappinesswasfull.他享尽幸福nudge:touchorpushslightlywiththeelbowinordertodrawsb.sattentionprivatelyclog:(causeto)beorbecomeblockedwithwastematter,dirt,grease,etc.,sothatmovement,flowofliquid,etc.,isdifficultorpreventedgrit:(collectivesing.)tiny,hardbitsofstone,sand,etc.pore:thetinyopening(esp.intheskinofananimalbody)throughwhichfluids(e.g.sweat)maypass,17,WordStudy,a.Hewasnotworkinghardinthecompanyandwasfinallylaidof.Hedeservedwhathegot.b.Thefarmerdeservesrecognitionforhisgenerousdonationtotheschool.c.Theteachertoldtheclassthatthebooksonthelistdeservedtobereadcarefully.,18,WordStudy,2.a.Ifonlyshehadhadtheopportunitytogotouniversityinthoseyears.b.IfonlyPatrickBrontehadvaluedhisthreedaughtersasmuchashedidhisson.c.Wemustrespecthimifonlyforhiswisdom.,19,WordStudy,3.a.Thereasonwhysolarenergyisnoinwidespreaduseismoreeconomicthantechnical;theequipmentistooexpensive.b.Manypatientssuffermorefromthestresscausedbyworryingaboutanillness,thanfromtheillnessitself.c.Myfatherwasmorelikeafriendthanaparenttome.,20,WordStudy,4.a.Somepeopledontvaluetheirhealthuntiltheyareill.b.Ifwehadonlythreemoredaystolive,wewouldvalueeveryminuteofourlife.c.Jerryvaluedhistwopupsasclosefriendsaftertheaccidents.,21,WordStudy,5.a.Thecountryisabundantinnaturalresources.b.Greengrassandcolorfulflowersareabundantonthecampusinspring.c.Itisreportedinsomeresearchpapersthatself-centerednessisacharacteristicabundantintodaysgeneration.,22,Translation,IpreferspringtoautumnthoughIlovebothseasons.Ibelievethatelectriccarswillonedaysupplantpetrol-drivenones.TheywarnedhimofthedangerofclimbingtheHimalayas,buthewouldntlisten.Theteachertoldhisstudentsthattheirfutureprospectshingedontheireducation.,23,Translation,5.EverybodythinksthatshedeservedtheawardBestActressoftheYear.6.Everytimethegirlcameacrossaproblem,shewouldturntohermotherforsolution,ratherthantryingtosolveitherself.7.Afterherhusbanddied,shecontinuedtonurtureherthreedaughters.8.ItseemsthatalotofpeoplelearnEnglishlessasapracticallanguagethanforitsgrammar.,24,
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