2019年高考英语一轮复习 专题十四 细节理解.doc

2019年高考英语一轮复习 专题十四 细节理解Passage 1(xx湖北,A)体裁:记叙文词数:375Before I had my son,I spent two years working with children with disabilities.I learned that shouting and threats of punishment would result in a disastering up against their behaviour could only make the job harder and their behaviour more extreme.I found something that worked,though.There was a very naughty boy in the nursery and a teacher who was generally very confident with the children was asked to take charge of him.One day the boy joined a session in the room next to mine.His appearance created an atmosphere of tension.He spent the entire session running around,hitting and kicking,and destroying property.I was in the craft room working with some other children when my co-worker told me that this boys teacher was in tears,and could not get control of the situation.As we were talking,the boy ran in.I told my co-worker that I would take care of him.I closed the door.He was full of energy,throwing things around and making a huge mess.But I could see that he was doing all these to annoy me.He needed connection,and this was the only way he knew how to ask for it.So I sat back down and kept quiet.Then he slowed down and began making a rocket.I talked to him about it.We continued like this for a few minutes before I slipped into the conversation:“So what happened today?”It was purely a question,no blame or anger in my tone.I believe that if I had criticized him,the gate that was slowly opening would have shut firmly closed.He told me that the teacher didnt let him do what he knew well due to safety but asked him to do what he disliked.He also admitted that he had enjoyed making her run around and saw it as a game.I explained that his teacher had not seen it as a game and was very upset.This again was stated simply as a fact.I suggested that next time he had a session,he talk about what he hoped to do at the start,which might be easier for everyone.He agreed and was quiet for a moment.Then he looked at me with tears in his eyes before quietly asking if he could go to find his teacher to apologize.1.The boy made trouble for his teacher because he.A.was blamed for creating an air of tensionB.was made to do things against his willC.was told not to yell at other childrenD.was accused of destroying property2.Why didnt the author do anything about the boys bad behavior at first?A.She hadnt thought of a coping strategy.B.She was tired of shouting and threats.C.She didnt mind the huge mess at all.D.She didnt want to make it worse.3.The author managed to get the boy to talk to her by.A.avoiding making critical remarksB.describing his teachers feelingsC.giving him a good suggestionD.playing games with him4.Why did the boy have tears in his eyes in the end?A.He was sad for the authors misunderstanding.B.He was fearful of the authors warning.C.He was regretful about his behavior.D.He was sorry about his reputation.答案语篇解读本文为记叙文。题材为人物故事类。文章讲述了作者通过和一个调皮的男孩进行心贴心的交流,让他意识到自己的错误,并想主动向老师道歉的故事。1.B2.D3.A4.CPassage 2(xx山东,B)体裁:记叙文词数:288It was one of those terribly hot days in Baltimore.Needless to say,it was too hot to do anything outside.But it was also scorching in our apartment.This was 1962,and I would not live in a place with an air conditioner for another ten years.So my brother and I decided to leave the apartment to find someplace indoors.He suggested we could see a movie.It was a brilliant plan.Movie theaters were one of the few places you could sit all day andmost importantsit in air conditioning.In those days,you could buy one ticket and sit through two movies.Then,the theater would show the same two movies again.If you wanted to,you could sit through them twice.Most people did not do that,but the manager at our theater,Mr.Bellow,did not mind if you did.That particular day,my brother and I sat through both movies twice,trying to escape the heat.We bought three bags of popcorn and three sodas each.Then,we sat and watched The Music Man followed by The Man Who Shot Liberty Valance.Wed already seen the second movie once before.It had been at the theater since January,because Mr.Bellow loved anything with John Wayne in it.We left the theater around 8,just before the evening shows began.But we returned the next day and saw the same two movies again,twice more.And we did it the next day too.Finally,on the fourth day,the heat wave broke.Still,to this day I can sing half the songs in The Music Man and recite half of John Wayne and Jimmy Stewarts dialogue from The Man Who Shot Liberty Valance!Those memories are some of the few I have of the heat wave of 1962.Theyre really memories of the screen,not memories of my life.1.In which year did the author first live in a place with an air conditioner?A.1952.B.1962.C.1972.D.1982.2.What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 3 refer to?A.The heat.B.The theater.C.The Music Man.D.The Man Who Shot Liberty Valance.3.What do we know about Mr.Bellow?A.He loved children very much.B.He was a fan of John Wayne.C.He sold air conditioners.D.He was a movie star.4.Why did the author and his/her brother see the same movies several times?A.The two movies were really wonderful.B.They wanted to avoid the heat outside.C.The manager of the theater was friendly.D.They liked the popcorn and the soda at the theater.5.What can we learn from the last paragraph?A.The author turned out to be a great singer.B.The author enjoyed the heat wave of 1962.C.The authors life has been changed by the two movies.D.The author considers the experience at the theater unforgettable.答案语篇解读本文为记叙文,题材为人物故事类。作者回忆了自己在1962年为了躲过夏季一阵阵的热浪,和弟弟买票进入有空调的电影院反复观看两部电影的故事。1.C2.D3.B4.B5.DPassage 3(xx课标,D)体裁:说明文词数:267As more and more people speak the global languages of English,Chinese,Spanish,and Arabic,other languages are rapidly disappearing.In fact,half of the 6,0007,000 languages spoken around the world today will likely die out by the next century,according to the United Nations Educational,Scientific,and Cultural Organization(UNESCO).In an effort to prevent language loss,scholars from a number of organizationsUNESCO and National Geographic among themhave for many years been documenting dying languages and the cultures they reflect.Mark Turin,a scientist at the Macmillan Center,Yale University,who specializes in the languages and oral traditions of the Himalayas,is following in that tradition.His recently published book,A Grammar of Thangmi with an Ethnolinguistic Introduction to the Speakers and Their Culture,grows out of his experience living,working,and raising a family in a village in Nepal.Documenting the Thangmi language and culture is just a starting point for Turin,who seeks to include other languages and oral traditions across the Himalayan reaches of India,Nepal,Bhutan,and China.But he is not content to simply record these voices before they disappear without record.At the University of Cambridge Turin discovered a wealth of important materialsincluding photographs,films,tape recordings,and field noteswhich had remained unstudied and were badly in need of care and protection.Now,through the two organizations that he has foundedthe Digital Himalaya Project and the World Oral Literature ProjectTurin has started a campaign to make such documents,found in libraries and stores around the world,available not just to scholars but to the younger generations of munities from whom the materials were originally collected.Thanks to digital technology and the widely available Internet,Turin notes,the endangered languages can be saved and reconnected with speech munities. 1.Many scholars are making efforts to.A.promote global languagesB.rescue disappearing languagesC.search for language munitiesD.set up language research organizations2.What does“that tradition”in Paragraph 3 refer to?A.Having full records of the languages.B.Writing books on language teaching.C.Telling stories about language users.D.Living with the native speakers.3.What is Turins book based on?A.The cultural studies in India.B.The documents available at Yale.C.His language research in Bhutan.D.His personal experience in Nepal.4.Which of the following best describes Turins work?A.Write,sell and donate.B.Record,repair and reward.C.Collect,protect and reconnect.D.Design,experiment and report.答案语篇解读本文是说明文,题材为社会文化类。世界上很多语言在慢慢消失,为了拯救这些使用人数少的语言很多学者开始了营救工程。本文介绍了一位正在为之奋斗的学者,他到底为此在做着什么呢?1.B2.A3.D4.CPassage 4(xx课标,D)体裁:应用文词数:262Metro Pocket GuideMetrorail(地铁)Each passenger needs a farecard to enter and go out.Up to two children under age five may travel free with a paying customer.Farecard machines are in every station.Bring small bills because there are no change machines in the stations and farecard machines only provide up to $5 in change.Get one day of unlimited Metrorail rides with a One Day Pass.Buy it from a farecard machine in Metro stations.Use it after 9:30 a.m.until closing on weekdays,and all day on weekends and holidays.Hours of serviceOpen:5 a.m.Mon.Fri.7 a.m.Sat.Sun.Close:midnight Sun.Thurs.3 a.m.Fri.Sat.nightsLast train times vary.To avoid missing the last train,please check the last train times posted in stations.MetrobusWhen paying with exact change,the fare is $1.35.When paying with a SmarTrip card,the fare is $1.25.Fares for senior/disabled customersSenior citizens 65 and older and disabled customers may ride for half the regular fare.On Metrorail and Metrobus,use a senior/disabled farecard or SmarTrip card.For more information about buying senior/disabled farecards,SmarTrip cards and passes,please visit MetroOpensDoors or call 202-637-7000 and 202-637-8000.Senior citizens and disabled customers can get free guide on how to use proper Metrobus and Metrorail services by calling 202-962-1100.Travel tips(提示)Avoid riding during weekday rush periodsbefore 9:30 a.m.and between 4 and 6 p.m.If you lose something on a bus or train or in a station,please call Lost & Found at 202-962-1195. 1.What should you know about farecard machines?A.They start selling tickets at 9:30 a.m.B.They are connected to change machines.C.They offer special service to the elderly.D.They make change for no more than $5.2.At what time does Metrorail stop service on Saturday?A.At midnight.B.At 3 a.m.C.At 5 a.m.D.At 7 p.m.3.What is good about a SmarTrip card?A.It is convenient for old people.B.It saves money for its users.C.It can be bought at any time.D.It is sold on the Internet.4.Which number should you call if you lose something on the Metro?A.202-962-1195B.202-962-1100C.202-637-7000D.202-637-8000答案语篇解读本文为应用文,题材是介绍说明类。本文为一则地铁袖珍指南。1.D2.B3.B4.APassage 5(xx北京,A)体裁:应用文词数:308Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium(水族馆)The all-new Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium,situated in the heart of Melbournes CBD,is one of Victorias leading visitor attractions and an unforgettable outing for the whole family.Having 12 amazing zones of discovery,Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium is the very place that you cannot miss when you visit the city.Opening TimesSea Life Melbourne Aquarium is open from 9:30 am until 6:00 pm every day of the year,including public holidays.Last admission is at 5:00 pm,one hour before closing.Location(位置)Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium is located on the corner of Flinders Street and King Street,Melbourne.It is situated on the Yarra River,opposite Crown Entertainment plex.Getting to Sea Life Melbourne AquariumTrainSea Life Melbourne Aquarium is a short walk from either Flinders or Southern Cross train stations.Tram(有轨电车)The Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium tram stop is located on the free City Circle Tram route(公交线路)and also routes 70 and 75.City Circle trams run every 10 minutes in both directions.Shuttle BusThe Melbourne City Tourist Shuttle is a free bus service,stopping at key tourist attractions in and around the City.Running daily,every 15 minutes from 10:00 am to 4:00 pm.Car ParkingWhile there is no public car parking at Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium,there are several public car parking lots available only a short walk away.Wheelchair AccessSea Life Melbourne Aquarium provides people in wheelchairs with full access to all 12 zones.Each floor also has wheelchair accessible toilets.TermsTickets will be emailed to you immediately after purchase or you can download and print your ticket once payment has been accepted.Please print out all tickets purchased and present at the front entrance of Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium.No ticket,no entry!1.Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium.A.is located at the center of the CBD in the cityB.has 12 most attractive places in MelbourneC.admits visitors from 9:30 am until 6:00 pmD.is beside Crown Entertainment plex2.Getting to Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium,visitors can take.A.trains from Southern Cross train stationB.shuttle buses around the train stationC.boats across the Yarra RiverD.either tram route 70 or 753.Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium offers visitors. A.free car parkingB.wheelchair accessC.Internet connectionD.transportation service4.Tickets to Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium.A.are free to all visitorsB.can be purchased by emailC.are checked at the entranceD.can be printed at the ticket office答案语篇解读本文为应用文,题材为广告。本广告旨在介绍水族馆开放时间、地理位置、交通等。1.A2.D3.B4.CPassage 6(xx天津,A)体裁:应用文词数:287A Guide to the UniversityFoodThe TWU Cafeteria is open 7 am to 8 pm.It serves snacks(小吃),drinks,ice cream bars and meals.You can pay with cash or your ID cards.You can add meal money to your ID cards at the Front Desk.Even if you do not buy your food in the cafeteria,you can use the tables to eat your lunch,to have meetings and to study.If you are on campus in the evening or late at night,you can buy snacks,fast food,and drinks in the Lower Caf located in the bottom level of the Douglas Centre.This area is often used for entertainment such as concerts,games or TV watching.RelaxationThe Globe,located in the bottom level of McMillan Hall,is available for relaxing,studying,cooking,and eating.Monthly activities are held here for all international students.Hours are 10 am to 10 pm,closed on Sundays.HealthLocated on the top floor of Douglas Hall,the Wellness Centre is mitted to physical,emotional and social health.A doctor and nurse is available if you have health questions or need immediate medical help or personal advice.The cost of this is included in your medical insurance.Hours are Monday to Friday,9 am to noon and 1:00 to 4:30 pm.Academic SupportAll students have access to the Writing Centre on the upper floor of Douglas Hall.Here,qualified volunteers will work with you on written work,grammar,vocabulary,and other academic skills.You can sign up for an appointment on the sign-up sheet outside the door:two 30-minute appointments per week maximum.This service is free.TransportationThe TWU Express is a shuttle(班车)service.The shuttle transports students between campus and the shopping centre,leaving from the Mattson Centre.Operation hours are between 9 am and 3 pm,Saturdays only.Round trip fare is $1.1.What can you do in the TWU Cafeteria?A.Do homework and watch TV.B.Buy drinks and enjoy concerts.C.Have meals and meet with friends.D.Add money to your ID and play chess.2.Where and when can you cook your own food?A.The Globe,Friday.B.The Lower Caf,Sunday.C.The TWU Cafeteria,Friday.D.The McMillan Hall,Sunday.3.The Guide tells us that the Wellness Centre.A.is open six days a weekB.offers services free of chargeC.trains students in medical careD.gives advice on mental health4.How can you seek help from the Writing Centre?A.By applying online.B.By calling the centre.C.By filling in a sign-up form.D.By going to the centre directly.5.What is the function of TWU Express?A.To carry students to the lecture halls.B.To provide students with campus tours.C.To take students to the Mattson Centre.D.To transport students to and from the stores.答案语篇解读本文是应用文,题材是学校生活。文章主要从饮食、娱乐、健康、学术支持、交通五个方面介绍了TWU大学。1.C2.A3.D4.C5.DPassage 7(xx山东,E)体裁:记叙文词数:271The kids in this village wear dirty,ragged clothes.They sleep beside cows and sheep in huts made of sticks and mud.They have no school.Yet they all can chant the English alphabet,and some can make words.The key to their success:20 tablet puters(平板电脑)dropped off in their Ethiopian village in February by a U.S.group called One Laptop Per Child.The goal is to find out whether kids using todays new technology can teach themselves to read in places where no schools or teachers exist.The Massachusetts Institute of Technology researchers analyzing the project data say theyre already amazed.“What I think has already happened is that the kids have already learned more than they would have in one year of kindergarten,”said Matt Keller,who runs the Ethiopia program.The fastest learnerand the first to turn on one of the tabletsis 8-year-old Kelbesa Negusse.The devices camera was disabled to save memory,yet within weeks Kelbesa had figured out its workings and made the camera work.He called himself a lion,a marker of acplishment in Ethiopia.With his tablet,Kelbesa rearranged the letters HSROE into one of the many English animal names he knows.Then he spelled words on his own.“Seven months ago he didnt know any English.Thats unbelievable,”said Keller.The project aims to get kids to a stage called “deep reading”,where they can read to learn.It wont be in Amharic,Ethiopias first language,but in English,which is widely seen as the ticket to higher paying jobs.1.How does the Ethiopia program benefit the kids in the village?A.It trains teachers for them.B.It contributes to their self-study.C.It helps raise their living standards.D.It provides funds for building schools.2.What can we infer from Kellers words in Paragraph 3?A.They need more time to analyze data.B.More children are needed for the research.C.He is confident about the future of the project.D.The research should be carried out in kindergartens.3.It amazed Keller that with the tablet Kelbesa could.A.learn English words quicklyB.draw pictures of animalsC.write letters to researchersD.make phone calls to his friends4.What is the aim of the project?A.To offer Ethiopians higher paying jobs.B.To make Amharic widely used in the world.C.To help Ethiopian kids read to learn in English.D.To assist Ethiopians in learning their first language.答案语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文,题材为语言学习类。本文记叙了美国在贫困的埃塞俄比亚地区进行了一项研究,结果表明孩子们在没有学校和老师的条件下,利用平板电脑这项新科技可以很快地学英语。1.B2.C3.A4.CPassage 8(xx浙江,B)体裁:说明文词数:413Here is some must-know information from a handbook on how people behave in doing business in some countries.In BrazilBrazilians are warm and friendly.They often stand close when talking and it is mon for them to touch the person on the shoulder.People often greet each other(particularly women)with light cheek kisses.Schedules tend to be flexible,with business meetings sometimes starting later than planned.But to be safe,be on time.Meals can stretch for hourstheres no such thing as rushing a meal in Brazil.Lunches also can start in the mid to late afternoon.Brazilians are social,preferring face-to-face munication over emails or phone calls.In SingaporeSingaporeans shake hands when they meet and often also greet each other with a small,polite bow.Business cards should be offered and received with two hands.Arriving late is considered disrespectful.So be on time.Efficiency(效率)is the goal,so meetings and dealings often are fast-paced.Singaporeans are direct in their discussions,even when the subject is about money.Ra