2019-2020年高考英语一轮复习 Unit4 Earthquakes练习.doc

2019-2020年高考英语一轮复习 Unit4 Earthquakes练习基础自测. 单词拓展1. n. 民族;国家 adj. 民族的;国家的 2. n. 污垢;泥土 adj. 肮脏的;下流的 3. adj. 极度的 adv. 极度地 4. adj. 无用的;无效的;无益的 n. 无用 5. n. 记者 vt. 报道;汇报 6. vt. 使惊吓;吓唬 adj. 爱惊的;受恐吓的 adj. 令人恐惧的 7. n. 祝贺;(复数)贺词 vi. 祝贺 8. n. 裁判员;法官 vt. 断定;判决 n. 判断力;识别力 9. adv. 真诚地;真挚地 adj. 真诚的;真挚的 10. n. 骑自行车的人 vi. 骑自行车 . 短语记忆1. 进行班级讨论 2. 立刻;马上 3. 仿佛;好像 4. 结束;终结 5. 严重受损;破败不堪 6. 数以千计的 7. 的数量 8. 许多;大量的 9. 掘发;发现 10. 在那个特殊日子 . 句型搜索1. Describe to your partner in the photos. 向你的同伴描述照片中可能发生的状况。2. You have time . 你有时间只能带走一件东西。3. Mice ran out of the fields . 老鼠从田地里跑出来找地方藏身。4. The sound of planes outside the city of Tangshan no planes were in the sky. 即使天空没有飞机,在唐山市外也可以听到飞机声。5. It the world was at an end. 看出去似乎到了世界末日。6. The number of people reached more than 400,000. 死伤的人数达到了40多万。7. People began to wonder . 人们开始困惑,这场灾难还会持续多久。考点互动No.1词汇精研1. shake vi. 摇动;震动;发抖;(信仰;信心)动摇【教材原句】Imagine your home begins to shake and you must leave it right away.想象一下你的家开始震动,你必须立即离开它。 Shake the carton before drinking the milk.喝奶之前请摇动盒子。He shook with anger at her words.听了她的话,他气得浑身颤抖。We each other when we met at the meeting.在会上见面时,我们相互握手。 Fathers words his faith. 父亲的话动摇了他的信念。The children fruit from a tree. 孩子们正把树上的果子晃下来。2. burst vi. & vt. 爆裂;爆发;爆炸;突然出现 【教材原句】In the city, the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst.在市内,有些建筑物里的水管出现了裂缝并破裂。You are going to burst the balloon if you are not careful.如果你不小心,会把气球弄爆的。He burst into tears/laughter. 他突然大哭/大笑起来。She the room without knocking. 她没敲门就闯进了屋子。The words from her in an angry rush. 她脱口说出了一堆气话。3. seem link- v. 看来,似乎,好像【教材原句】It seemed as if the world at an end.似乎世界末日来临了。Her mother seems to be a kind woman.她母亲看来像个亲切的人。It seems impossible for him to understand modern music.要他懂现代音乐似乎是不可能的。It seems that our football team will win.看来我们的足球队就要赢了。He everything. 他好像什么都知道。I seem the old man before. 我好像以前见过那位老人。 特别提醒seem to do sth 可转化为:It seems thatHe seems to be lying. = he is lying. 4. ruin n. 废墟;毁灭 vt. 毁灭:传破产【教材原句】In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins. 在可怕的15秒钟内,一座大城市变成了废墟。The war brought ruin to the country.战争给这个国家带来了毁灭。 归纳拓展ruin 表示“废墟,遗迹”的常用复数,并常构成短语in ruins,意为“严重受损,破败不堪”。The castle now lies in ruins.现在这座城堡已成为一片废墟了。He poured dirty water all over the painting and ruined it.他把脏水倒在这幅画上,将画毁了。She was ruined by that law case.她被那场官司搞得倾家荡产。【辨异】ruin, destroy, damage 和harm易混词辨 析例 句ruin对物体或生命彻底的破坏,但往往是非暴力的,也往往不是一次打击的结果。He ruined my prospects. 他毁坏了我的前途。destroy在肉体上、精神上或道义上彻底摧毁,使之无法复原,也可表示对某物体进行完全的毁坏。They hope to destroy us one by one, but they shall fail. 他们想把我们逐个地搞垮,但他们不会得逞。damage指局部损伤,使整体的价值或作用降低甚至变得无价值、无作用。可以是暴力的或一次性破坏的结果,也可以指非暴力长期损害的结果。Their house was damaged by the earthquake. 他们的房子被地震摧毁了。harm指伤害有生命的东西,常指伤及了人的健康、权利、事业等。Smoking will harm your health seriously. 吸烟将严重损害你的健康。Long exposure in the cold, her hands . 长时间在寒冷中裸露,她的手冻坏了。You will of the job if you wear that shirt to the interview. 穿那件衬衫面试,你会断送得到这份工作的机会。All his hopes . 他所有的希望都破灭了。5. injure vt. 损害;伤害【教材原句】Two-thirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake. 他们当中三分之二的人在地震中死亡或受伤。Her refusal injured his pride. 她的拒绝伤了他的自尊心。Smoking will injure your health. 吸烟会损害你的健康。He slightly in the accident. 他在意外事故中受了轻伤。A bullet his left eye. 一颗子弹伤了他的左眼。 6. shock vt. & vi. (使)震惊;震动 n. 休克;打击;震惊【教材原句】People were shocked. 人们很震惊。I was shocked at his conduct. 我对他的行为感到震惊。The news was a shock to us. 这消息使我们大为震惊。Hes suffering a shock. 他休克了。She to hear her child swearing. 听见她的孩子在骂人,她很震惊。You will get an if you touch a live wire. 碰触带电的电线,你会受到电击。7. rescue n. & vt. 援救;营救【教材原句】Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins.有些救援人员和医生被困在废墟中。The rescue team made ten rescues in a week.营救队一周内进行了10次救援。He rescued a girl from drowning.他将溺水的女孩救了起来。A wealthy boss Chen Guangbiao came to . 一位有钱的老板陈光标援助了我们。The firemen an old woman the burning house. 消防队员们从失火的房子里救出了一个老妇人。 8. trap vt. 使陷入困境 n. 陷阱;困境【教材原句】Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins.有些救援人员和医生被困在废墟中。We were trapped in the cable car. 我们被困在了缆车中。【短语链接】trap sb into doing sth诱骗某人做某事They trapped her into marrying him. 他们诱骗她嫁给了他。The police set a trap to catch the thief.警察设下圈套,捉拿窃贼。By clever questioning, they making a confession. 他们用巧妙的提问诱使他招认了。 The only thing the wolf would do was climbing up to the ground . 那只狼唯一能做的就是从陷阱里爬到地面上来。 9. dig out 挖出;翻找出【教材原句】The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.军队组成小分队挖掘那些受困的人们并埋葬死者。Lets dig out the roots. 咱们把根挖出来吧。Why did you dig out those old magazines?你为何翻出那些旧杂志?We can some earth worms in my yard or buy some shrimps in the market. 我们可以到我家院子里挖一些蚯蚓,或者在市场上买一些小虾。 Its not easy the past. 发掘过去的历史是不容易的。10. bury vt. 埋葬;掩埋;隐藏【教材原句】The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead. 军队组成的小分队挖掘那些受困的人人辛辛苦苦埋葬死者。She buried her husband in the ground.她将丈夫埋在了地下。Na Ying turned away, her face in the pillow. 那英转过身,把头埋在枕头里。He beside his wifes grave. 他被安葬在他妻子的坟旁。11. shelter n. 掩蔽;掩蔽处;庇护所;避难所 vt. 为提供庇护【教材原句】Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. 工人们为那些房屋被毁的幸存者建造临时住所。Peoples immediate need is for food, clothing and shelter after the earthquake. 地震后人们急需的是吃的、穿的和住的。They tried to fix up a shelter from the rain.他们设法搭起一个躲雨的地方。The wall sheltered us from the wind.墙壁使我们免遭风吹。The number of families rose by 25 percent.寻求避难的家庭户增加了25%。 Many are sleeping in the open because they have . 很多人因为没有栖身之所,只好露宿在外。These plants must direct sunlight.这种植物必须遮起来,免受阳光直射。 跟踪训练. 单词拼写1. It is the custom in Britain that young people often do not s hands when they meet someone for the first time. 2. At the end of xx,there were around 6,000 senior students in our school, making up around 55 p of the total. 3. The rain has rained for half a month, pletely r our holiday. 4. People are curious to get the latest information about many natural d ,such as earthquake the typhoon and snowstorm. 5. Only when we have enough food, clothes, s ,can we live an easy and peaceful life in the world. 6. The campers starved for lack of food before the (救援) could get to them. 7. That (演讲) by the president influenced the course of American history. 8. People were (震惊) by the eruption of the volcano, for it was even greater than they had expected. 9. The special actions are considered to be the proof that people use to (判断) whether the speakers tell lies or not. 10. He was dead and (埋葬) at the top of the hill. . 完成句子1. For three days (村子里井里的水升升降降). 2. The sound of planes could be heard outside Tangshan (甚至在天空中没有飞机的时候). 3. It seemed that (世界到了末日了). 4. Steam (从地下的洞里喷出来了) 5. More buildings (倒塌). Water, food and electricity (很难得到). 6. The army (组成了小分队,将受困的人们挖出来,掩埋死者). . 单项填空1. The old man was badly in the accident and sent to hospital right away. A. ruined B. woundedC. injured D. destroyed2. It seemed it would rain, but it didnt rain at last. A. as B. likeC. even if D. as if3. The train struck a dam, ,flooding a small town. A. which is burst B. which burstC. that burst D. that is burst4. The news made all of them to death. A. frightening; frightenedB. frightened; frighteningC. frightening; frighteningD. frightened; frightened5. More than of the classmates in my class fond of pop music. A. two-third; is B. two-thirds; isC. second-third; are D. two-thirds; are No.2 句型精析 It seemed as if the world was at an end!似乎世界末日来临了!该句为主从复合句。as if 引导的是表语从句。seem“看来,似乎,好像”为连系动词。 归纳拓展seem常用法归纳:seem(+to be)+ adj. /n. seem + like+ n. seem + to doIt seems(to sb)+that clauseOur city seems (to be) more beautiful than before.我们的城市看起来比以前更美了。It seems like years since they last met.他们似乎多年不见了。It seems to her that she is so young forever.看上去似乎她永远这么年轻。It I have seen her before. 我好像曾经见过她。It for her to understand me very well. 要她非常懂我似乎是不可能的。 The number of people who were killed or injured reached more than 400,000. 伤亡的人数超过了40万。该句为主从复合句。who 是关系代词,引导的是定语从句,修饰前面的先行词people。能够引导定语从句的关系代词还有:whom, whose, which, that等。He is the young man whom Im waiting for.他就是那个我一直在等待的年轻人。Please pass me the dictionary whose cover is yellow and red.请将那本封面是红黄相间的字典递给我。This is the book I referred to in my talk. 这是我在谈话中提到那本书。 Here is a fellow just walks into a bank and helps himself to so much money. 有个小伙子,他刚走进银行并独自取了很多钱。Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed.他们几乎每个地方都看了,东西都被毁坏了。该句为主从复合句。everywhere 引导的是让步状语从句,相当于wherever或no matter where。Everywhere the modern girl goes, her dog follows her.无论那个时髦女走到哪儿,她的狗都尾随着她。 ,they met with strong protest.他们无论在哪儿出现,都会面对一片抗议声。 Water, food, and electricity were hard to get.水,食物和电很难得到。hard to get 不定式的主动形式(1)某些形容词如easy, hard, difficult, pleasant, interesting, exciting, fortable等词后的动词不定式与主语存在着逻辑上的动宾关系时,不定式用主动形式。The boy is difficult to teach. 这个男孩子很难教。The question is easy to answer. 这个问题很好回答。The room is fortable for us to live in.这个房间我们住起来很舒服。【友情提示】如果不定式中的动词为不及物动词,要加上相应的介词。(2)当句中的谓语不是be动词,而是行为动词加副词时,一般用动词不定式的被动结构。He spoke too fast to be followed.他讲得太快,别人听不懂。This kind of paper is smooth . 在这种纸上写字很流畅。 The plane is flying too high . 那架飞机飞得很高,看不见。 To the north of the city,most of the 10,000 miners were rescued from the coal mines there. 在城市的北部,10000矿工中的大多数被从那儿的矿工井中救出。该句为简单句,被动结构。To.作状语,表地点;from.地点状语。to the north of.在的北边/部,常用于结构:地点主语+be/lie/be located/be situated+距离+to the east/west/south/north+另一地点。The church is situated one or two miles to the west of the village.教堂位于离村子一两英里的地方。Its about twenty miles Chicago.它在芝加哥以东约20英里的地方。 跟踪训练. 单项填空1. Elia remembers everything exactly as if it yesterday. A. was happening B. happensC. has happened D. happened2. We shouldnt spend our money testing so many people,most of are healthy. A. that B. whichC. what D. whom3. I you what you have achieved. A. celebrate;on B. congratulate;onC. congratulate;for D. celebrate;for4. “ you go,you will remember ourXiaoerban forever.” said Na Ying to her trainees. A. How B. WheneverC. Where D. Everywhere5. The problems are too hard . A. to be solved B. to solveC. solving D. being solved. 将下列句子改写成定语从句1. Have you found the bike?You are looking for the bike. 2. The book is very interesting. I bought the book yesterday. 3. I saw some trees. Their leaves were black with disease. 4. The girl is our monitor. She is playing the piano over there. 5. He was born in a town. The town is far away from the city. . 根据汉语提示,完成句子1. (看来) he was ill,so I called in the doctor. 2. He (看来生病了),so I called in the doctor. 3. The (的数量) guests will be more than 100. 4. I want to go to the party (可是我没有交通工具). 5. I would like to go out (而不是待在家里) in such fine weather. 参考答案Unit 4基础自测. 1. nation,national 2. dirt,dirty 3. extreme,extremely4. useless,uselessness 5. reporter,report 6. frighten,frightened,frightening 7. congratulation,congratulate8. judge,judgement 9. sincerely,sincere10. cyclist,cycle. 1. have a class discussion 2. right away 3. as if4. at an end 5. in ruin 6. thousands of 7. the number of 8. a (great)number of 9. dig out 10. on that special day. 1. what might happen to the objects 2. to take only one thing 3. looking for places to hide 4. could be heard,even when 5. seemed as if 6. that were hurt or even dead 7. how long the disaster would last考点互动词汇精研1. shook hands with;shook;are shaking2. burst into;burst3. seems to know;to have seen;It seems that4. were damaged;ruin the chance;were destroyed5. was,injured;injured6. was shocked;electric shock7. our rescue;rescued,from8. trapped him into;from the trap9. dig out;to dig out10. burying;was buried11. seeking shelter;no shelter;be sheltered from跟踪训练. 1. shake 2. percent 3. ruining 4. disasters5. shelter 6. rescue 7. speech 8. shocked9. judge 10. buried. 1. the water in the village wells rose and fell,rose and fell2. even when there were no planes in the sky/even when no planes were in the sky3. the world was at an end4. burst from the holes in the ground5. fell down,were hard to get6. organized teams to dig out those who are trapped and to bury the dead. 1. C 考查动词辨析。句意:老人在交通事故中受伤很重,被立即送往医院治病。ruin“彻底破坏(往往非一次打击)”;wound“武器当造成的皮,肉之伤害”;destroy“完全摧毁无法复原”;injure“交通事故弄伤,”只有C符合句意。2. D seem as if “看起来似乎”是较常搭配,符合语境。3. B burst为不及物动词,不能用于被动语态中,该句为非限制性定语从句,故只能选择B。4. A 句意:那个令人恐惧的消息使他们都害怕得要死。frightening“令人恐惧的,通常修饰物”;frightened“受到惊吓的”,通常指人的心理感受。5. D 分数的构成方式是:分子用基数词,分母用序数词,分子大于1时,分母后要加s;“句子的”应为复数,故后一空应填are。句型精析1. seems that;seems impossible 2. which/that;who3. Everywhere they appeared 4. to be written on;to be seen5. to the east of跟踪训练. 1. D as if“好像似的”,所引导的从句如果表示真实情况,谓语动词用陈述语气;如果表示非真实情况,谓语动词用虚拟语气。因为Eliza所能想起的事都发生在过去,即不是发生在昨天,非真实情况,所以要用虚拟语气。2. D 本句的先行词应是people,whom引导定语从句,作介词of的宾语。3. B congratulate sb on sth意为“祝贺某人某事”。4. D 考查让步状语从句。everywhere=no matter where=wherever“无论哪儿”符合句意。5. B hard,easy,exciting及形容词后的不定式通常要用主动形式表达被动含义。. 1. Have you found the bike(that/which) you looking for?2. The book(that/which) I bought yesterday is very interesting.3. I saw some trees whose leaves were black with disease.4. The girl who/that is playing the piano over there is our monitor.5. He was born in a town that/which is far away from the city. 1. It seemed that 2. seemed to be ill 3. number of 4. however I have no transport 5. instead of staying at home