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流程图(23.4%),1,流程图的结构,3,The diagrams below describe how to recycle organic waste to produce fertilizer(compost). (070210),4,5,范文,6,The whole process can be categorized into five stages. First of all, prepare a plastic container which has four holes for ventilating the air. There is a rule when putting waste into the container, food at the bottom within 15 centimeters high, grass in the middle and newspaper on the top within 15 centimeters high respectively, in order to make an optimum environment for different bacteria reproducing. In the following stage, we can witness nitrogen and water being put into the container. What is worth mentioning is that only hot water is added. Next, heat the waste and let the bacteria reproduce fast, with which the organic waste can be decomposed and became garden fertilizer after 6 months. Subsequently, we can carry the compost out and move it to the garden, thus a new recycling can begin.,7,流程图精讲：,8,第二段： 1.原料与准备 To begin with, we should prepare In the first step, should be prepared. The materials of makinginclude 2.变化与过程 Firstly,Secondly,Thirdly, After that,Then.,In the following stage, at the next step, At the same time,In the meanwhile，During that step,流程图精讲：,9,第二段： 3. 流程图必备的动词 prepare，produce，manufacture，recycle gather，collect addinto;putinto transport；deliver；convey；carry；send；,流程图精讲：,10,4.流程图必备的句子 需要指出的是 It should be noticed that What must be mentioned is that It should be pointed out that What is worth mentioning is that,11,12,The picture below shows the recycling process of wasted glass bottles. (090926；080214；060114),The picture below shows the recycling process of wasted glass bottles. (090926；080214；060114),14,As is displayed in the flow chart, the recycling process of glass is really a complex one. The overall process can be categorized into 3 stages. First, glass products in various forms are gathered in the Collection point, so that they are easily transported by special trucks or vans to the Cleaning plant, where they get sterilization by high-pressured water. There are three different channels in the Recycling plant, namely Brown, Green and Clear, which represent the colors of glass. After recycled in the furnace , glass products are melted into recycled liquid glass. Mixed with new liquid glass, the compound is finally molded into solid glass, which, afterwards , will be sent to various customer supermarkets for selling. Thus, the glass will go to the customers for different purposes. Through a brief introduction of the circle of glass recycling, we come to realize that recycling plays a vital role in environmental protection and ecological preservation.,三个步骤：回收、加工、再利用,15,16,剑8 Test3,17,The diagram below shows the production process of cement and concrete.(05年亚太区),水泥制作： 把碎石(gravel)和沙子(sand)放进研磨机(mill)，把打碎的粉末放进碾压机(pressure roll)内搅拌，放进预热器(preheater)加热，水泥做成，打包成袋。,混凝土制作： 把碎石(gravel)、沙子(sand)和水泥(cement)按照比例与水混合放到车里搅拌就有了混凝土。,18,19,The flow chart below shows the life cycle of salmons .,写作要点： 首先：春天产卵(eggs)，在河中孵化成鱼苗(fries) ，12年生长后后移居到下游(downstream)，三文鱼进入海洋长成鲑鱼(smolts)，又过了12年后达到成年(maturity)，成年三文鱼游回到河中去产卵，秋天死去。,20,地图(60.5%),21,地图的结构,地图(选址比较)：,WRITING TASK 1 You should spend about 20 minutes on this task. The map below is of the town of Garlsdon. A new supermarket (S) is planned for the town. The map shows two possible sites for the supermarket.,23,交通不利,26,The chart illustrates two possible locations of a new supermarket in Garlsdon. The first location (S1) is at the northwest of Garlsdon, in the housing area. Obviously，building a supermarket there is convenient for people living around. Moreover, it also takes advantage of the developed traffic, since the location is close to the railway and the main road. However , the location is too distant from Brandon as well as Cranston. In contrast, the suggested location, S2, is right in the town centre, which would be good for local residents. This location has almost equal distance to each of neighboring towns. But as the central area is a no-traffic zone, cars would be unable to park and access would be difficult. To sum up, neither site is appropriate for all the towns, but for customers in Cranston, Hindan and Garlsdon, the out-of-town site (S1) would probably offer more advantages.,范文：,1.与平行 Mountains are parallel to the rivers. 2.被包围 The church is surrounded by trees. 3.在十字路口 A policeman is at the crossing/intersection. 4.在的左上角 The bank is in the top left-hand corner of the residential zone. 5.大概在的中间 The playground is roughly in the middle of the residential zone.,6.在的正对面 The supermarket is directly opposite to the bus stop. 7.在的对面 The supermarket is across from the bus stop. 8. 在附近 The barbers is in close proximity to/ near by/ by the side of the hospital. 9.在底部 Houses are at the bottom of the residential zone.,地图(60.5%),29,30,The map below shows the development of the village of Ryemouth between 1995 and present.(100529),31,The map below shows the development of the village of Ryemouth between 1995 and present.(100529),1.岸边有个码头，码头北边有个鱼市。 In1995, in the southern part of the village, there was a fishing port on the sea and a fish market north to the port. 2.在鱼市的对面、路的另外一边有一排商店。 Opposite to the market, there was a block of shops sitting on the other side of the road. 3.在商店的东边、大路交接处有一家酒店和咖啡馆。 East to the shops, a hotel and a cafe were built at the joint of two major roads.,32,The map below shows the development of the village of Ryemouth between 1995 and present.(100529),4.地图的西北部是一片住宅区。 Additionally, the northwest part was basically a residential area. 5.东北角上是一大片农田，农田南边是一座森林公园。 Moreover, a farmland of great acreage occupied the northeast corner, while a forest park was established south to the farmland.,范文精讲(历史变迁)：,33,1.码头消失了，鱼市变成了一排公寓。 Currently, the fishing port has disappeared and the fish market has been replaced by a block of apartments. 2.商店变成了一排餐厅。 In addition, several restaurants have taken up the place of the shops. 3.酒店旁边建了一个停车场。 A car park has been built on the east of the hotel. 4.新的道路出现，住宅也增多了。 In the residential area, more houses have been constructed along a newly built road. 5.农场和森林公园变成了一座高尔夫球场和几个网球场。 Finally, a sports field for tennis and golf has occupied the place of the farmland and the forest park.,1.原有事物没了： The farms completely disappeared/vanished/were removed. 2.原有事物尺寸/数量上变大/变小： The size/number of the library has been enlarged/extended/reduced 3.原有事物被改为： A is transformed/reconstructed/ converted/rebuilt into B A is replaced /substituted by B A gives way to B.,35,功能图的结构(单图),37,功能图的结构(多图),39,The two diagrams below show the construction structures of the Mont Blanc Road Tunnel and the Aomori Hakodate Tunnel .,40,The figures illustrate and compare the engineering features of two world-renowned tunnels, the Mont-Blanc Road Tunnel and the Seikan Railway Tunnel. Mont-Blanc Tunnel，as shown in Figure 1 is a road tunnel connecting France and Italy. locating 1,200 meters beneath the highest peak of the mountain above it, the tunnel has a total length of 11.6 kilo meters. The construction of this tunnel commenced(=opened, started )in 1957 and it took 8 years to complete. The Seikan Tunnel illustrated in Figure 2 is a railway tunnel in Japan. Opened in1988, it runs beneath the seabed of the Tsugaru Strait, linking Aomori City on the Japanese island and Hakodate City on the island of Hokkaido. The tunnel runs 240 meters below the sea surface. Its construction began（commenced）as early as 1946 and it took 24 years to complete this 53.85km submarine tunnel. It is evident from the diagrams that Seikan Railway Tunnel is a domestic construction while Mont-Blanc Tunnel is an international one. However, the undersea Seikan Railway Tunnel is by far longer than Mont-Blanc Tunnel which was built on land and its construction took much longer time to accomplish.,
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