2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解选练（5）(VI).doc

2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解选练（5）(VI)阅读理解“BEIJING, Sep. 10 (Xinhuanet)The extra-large model baby in the Spain Pavilion (馆) was conceived (构思) by a Spanish filmmaker,” Shi Yingying reports. Visitors admiring the 6.5-meter-high giant baby, Miguelin, in the Spain Pavilion may be surprised to realize that it was not the concept of a famous designer or a group of groundbreaking engineers. It came from one filmmakers interpretation of the meaning of “Better City, Better Life”. Spanish director Isabel Coixet developed the idea after being asked to contribute to Expo xx Shanghai. “They asked me to do something to tell the Chinese audience about Spain in the future and the first thing jumping to my mind was a baby,” said Coixet. “If we really fight to have better cars, better cities and better lives, its for themfor our children.”Despite her Spanish heritage, Coixet doesnt focus on making Spanish films or using Spain as the setting. Fans of her various award-winning films, including My Life Without Me, The Secret Life of Words and Elegy, may not even be aware of Coixets Spanish background. “The borders between countries are just illusion (假象),” said Coixet. “Some directors feel really fortable telling stories that belong to their territory.”But Coixet feels the opposite: “Im more fortable outside my country. It gives me a strange freedom.”One of her favorite things about being a director is the freedom. “The thing is that the world is wide and this freedom lets you make films everywhere,” she said. Coixets curiosity took her latest exploration and movie work to Japan. In the movie Map of the Sound of Tokyo, the Catalan actor Sergi Lopez is the owner of a wine shop in Tokyo, and Japanese actress Rinko Kikuchi is a young woman who works both as a fishmonger and as a hired killer. The clash (冲突) of the two peoples very different worlds and the tango-like relationship they develop is just one representation of what Coixet is able to produce by mixing cultures. While she doesnt know if she will shoot a film in Shanghai, two things have caught her attention: Shanghainese women and crickets (蟋蟀). After just arriving in the city, she was surprised by the mix of old Chinese culture in a booming metropolis. “Behind the skyscrapers, there is a flower and bird market with heaps of crickets and birdcages in,” she said. “Im totally amazed with the city.”1. The huge baby represents the idea that . A. our children are the new generation full of imaginationB. our children will develop the friendship between China and SpainC. our children are our futureD. our children will understand the meaning of “Better City, Better Life”2. We learn from the passage that Coixets award-winning films were set. A. only in Spain B. only in JapanC. mainly in the countries outside SpainD. mainly in the countries within Europe 3. According to Isabel Coixet, a flower and bird market behind the high rises. A. shows people in Shanghai are living a rich life spiritually and materiallyB. reflects prosperity of the marketC. indicates the Chinese people are leading a peaceful lifeD. represents the traditional culture of China4. From the passage we can learn that. A. Isabel Coixet is dissatisfied with the design of the extra-large model babyB. a mix of different cultures is reflected in Isabel Coixets filmsC. Isabel Coixet feels less fortable while making films all over the worldD. Isabel Coixet designed the huge baby according to the requirement of a group of engineers【参考答案】6.CCAB 阅读理解A Manhattan CrossingNew Yorkers like to say they can walk faster than the crosstown bus. On 34th Street, buses average about four miles an hour. For those in a hurry, pretty much everyone here, its an icy pace for a crosstown trip. Janette Sadik-Khan, the citys transportation missioner, is proposing an interesting fix for 34th Street. The city plan would close 34th Street to non-bus traffic in the block between the Empire State Building and Macys. On the rest of the street, cars would move one way only. It would take getting used to, but for bus passengers, the city says there are more than 40,000 a day on public, tour or muter (通勤) buses along 34th Street. The plan should cut the mute by up to 35 percent. People in other vehicles or about 10 percent of the human traffic would have to zig and zag (锯齿形) to get through this section of the city. It is probably fair to say that most are not particularly pleased about the whole concept. So the city needs to answer important questions. Will this unrest mean more traffic on side streets that are already unbearably crowded? Will deliveries be limited to the daybreak hours? Will Mayor Michael Bloomberg and Ms. Sadik-Khan be willing to change or drop the plan if it simply wont work? The Bloomberg administration has worked to improve bus traffic around the city. An experiment to speed up city buses along Fordham Road in the Bronx has already reduced travel time and increased passengers number. Urban planners have been studying the citys crosstown problems since the first traffic jam. Robert Moses at one point proposed a major highway just south of 34th Street, part of which would go through an office building. The question is still whether it will really make it easier to operate in Manhattan. 1. Whats the first paragraph mainly talk about? A. Traffic in Manhattan is much too bad. B. New Yorkers enjoy playing jokes about their buses. C. People are hard to cross 34th Street. D. An interesting fix for crowded street is being made. 2. How many measures would be taken in order to improve the traffic situation in Manhattan according to this plan? A. 2B. 3C. 4D. 63. Whats the purpose of the experiment by the Bloomberg administration? A. To improve traffic jam. B. To reduce travel time. C. To increase ridership. D. To relieve traffic pressure. 4. According to this passage, whose proposal might be difficult to becarried out? A. Janette Sadik-Khan.B. Robert Moses.C. Michael Bloomberg.D. Ms. Sadik-Khan.【参考答案】7.ACDB 高考英语书面表达考前精讲精练（答案）高考“短文写作”指导一、特点分析湖北高考“短文写作”近三年来题型稳定，呈现出以下特点：1. 体裁明显：夹叙夹议的半开放式作文2. 词数增加：从100词增加到120词左右3. 分值加重：从25分增加到30分4. 贴近学生：题材现实感强，富于哲理性，考生易于动笔5. 联系教材：话题与高中教材紧密联系 xx-xx年湖北“短文写作”考查情况如下表所示：年份 考查形式 考查体裁 内容 词数要求/范文词数 分数 教材相关内容 xx英语提示夹叙夹议的半开放式作文结合事例谈与人合作100左右/12025分B1U1 (Friendship)B7U4 (Sharing)xx英语提示夹叙夹议的半开放式作文结合事例谈论人生观：所得与所用120左右/11830分B4U2 (Working the land)xx英语提示夹叙夹议的半开放式作文结合事例说明语言的力量120左右/12930分B1U2 (English around the world)B4U4(Body language)从写作形式上讲，湖北高考的写作题型是比较典型的三段(或两段)式作文，即：引入段叙述段总结段。引入段：从写作话题入手，提出一个问题或引出一个故事。一般由一句或两句简短的话语组成。叙述段：短文的主体。讲述一个与写作话题相关，能证明中心思想的故事。这个故事往往是由作者“讲述”而非直接“叙述”，人物的活动或语言是由作者描述和转述，很少直接引用，故而用词不多，篇幅不大。总结段：作者讲述故事之后，用一到两句话概括蕴含在其中的哲理，从所讲述的故事中，表达作者的感想和体会，与前文的引入段遥相呼应，从而结束文章的写作。根据情况，有时第一段的引入可以略去不写，而直接进入故事部分。从写作实质上讲，湖北近三年的短文写作题体现了考试说明中“在考查考生的英语语言知识和语言技能的基础上，突出考查考生的综合语言运用能力，特别是运用英语获取信息、处理信息、以及分析问题和解决问题的能力”的要求，考生首先要能挖掘并提炼出所给材料的人文信息，从自己的生活经历或体验中感悟出一定的道理或哲理；其次，考生要有较强的语言控制能力，能用120左右的词来讲述一个事例，做到收放有度，详略得当，语言精准、到位。三、解题方法湖北高考的短文写作必须有“审题拟点 (构思)组句成文润色 (修改)”等过程。下面我们以xx年湖北高考英语卷短文写作试题为例，谈谈半开放式作文的写作方法。原题：请根据以下提示，并结合事例，用英语写一篇短文。We all know that “sticks and stones may break our bones”, but we should also be aware that words can hurt people, too.注意：无须写标题，不得照抄英语提示语；除诗歌外，文体不限；文中不得透露个人姓名和学校名称；词数为120左右。第一步：审题考生动笔前要仔细阅读试题，明确写作要求。审题包括审要求、审文体、审结构和核心内容、审时态和语态以及审人称等。 1. 审要求。本题要求考生根据提示，结合事例来写作。还有注意事项中的4条都要审清楚。2. 审文体。此篇要求考生结合具体事例写观点或体会，属于夹叙夹议短文。3. 审结构。根据要求，可以发现，本题写作结构同前几年一样，仍可按三段式来完成。4. 审时态。讲述的事例是发生在过去的事情，因此用一般过去时；议论部分是客观哲理，应该用一般现在时。5. 审内容。此篇写作属于半开放性作文，虽有一定的限制，但“叙”和“议”部分留给考生很大的自由发挥空间。考生应该首先从英语提示中提取主题，“sticks and stones may break our bones”, but words can hurt people, too.”汉语的意思是“棍棒和石头能折断我们的骨头，而语言也能伤人”，因而我们可以进一步理解为“对别人的伤害有两种：一是肉体的伤害，一是精神的伤害”。虽然语言的伤害是无形的，但影响更深刻，更强烈，因此我们在跟别人讲话时要注意场合和对象。汉语和英语中类似的说法有很多，如：“The tongue is not steel, yet it cuts.(人言可畏)”“良言一句三冬暖，恶语伤人六月寒”。第二步：拟点审题之后，考生要拟出短文的基本要点，如：写一个什么故事来说明“话语伤人”的道理；找出说明这个故事起因、经过和结果的动词或动词短语，如：hurt，feeling，disappointed，turn down，go white，sorry等；有时还可以构思一些必要的句型。然后理顺要点，不遗漏信息，使要表达的内容条理清晰。 第三步：联句将列出的要点连成句，这是较为关键的一步。完成这个步骤要注意： 书面表达重在达意，不可直译，要用自己最有把握的短语或句型将意思完整、 准确地表达出来。 无法用英语表达相对应的汉语意思时，不要轻易放弃，可用相近的话语来解释说明。 在叙述部分，还要写明时间、地点、人物和结果。第四步：成文将写好的句子组成段落。要注意使用一些表示并列、递进、让步、转折、因果等意义的关联词语，以增强文章的连贯性和逻辑性。 第五步：润色有意识地将一些“低级词汇”转换成“高级词汇”，将一些“简单结构”转换成“复杂结构”，以凸显文章亮点，增加得高分的机会。但要注意，“低级”与“高级”是相对而言的，不可为追求“高级”而把“低级(本质)”的东西丢掉了。在高考考场里，由于时间比较紧，打草稿这一步可能无法实现，这就要注意打腹稿，构思好，尽量少改，保持卷面整洁。范文My deskmate admires my fluent English very much and I usually feel encouraged by his pliments.One day, when we learned the new word “eccentric” in class, we were asked to make a sentence with it. I volunteered to do it by saying “My deskmate is an eccentric boy whose clothes never fit him.” Hearing this, the whole class burst into laughter and my deskmates face turned red. After class, I learned from the teacher that my deskmate would have dropped out of school if he hadnt been helped by others. My mindless words must have hurt him deeply.Not until then did I realize words could be powerful in both positive and negative ways. We should avoid hurting others if we cant always be encouraging when we speak.点评：本范文很好地采用了“三段式”的结构完成了写作。短文整体结构紧凑，层次清晰，段落分明，逻辑性强，给人以流畅、明快的感觉。在语言上，一是较好地运用了倒装句式(Not until then did I )，状语从句(when we learned)，宾语从句(I learned from the teacher that)，定语从句(whose clothes)，条件状语从句(if we cant)，虚拟语气(my deskmate would have. if he)等表现力强的句式结构；二是巧妙地运用了如and，when，after，if，until等连词使段、句之间连接自然、紧密；而分词短语hearing this，高级词汇volunteer，pliment，avoid和短语burst into laughter等的运用也给短文增色不少。四、备考策略1. 重视教材写作部分的训练。高考“短文写作”题的话题和题材很多都源于教材，因此要抓住这一根本，不能舍近求远。2. 强化限时训练。 限时训练是在心理和技术层面上模拟高考，在很大程度上帮助考生实战，少搞或不搞自由写作。3. 加强词汇的识记，多使用高级词汇。如：I didnt understand at all. 与I was fully confused. 4重视句式的多样性，简单句、并列句、复合句交替使用，非谓语动词、从句、强调、倒装结合运用。如： He had hardly got to the office when his wife phoned him to go back home at once. 与 Hardly had he got to the office when his wife phoned him to go back home at once.在表述同一意义时： 既可I cant go to school tomorrow because Im ill. 也可Owing to illness, I cant go to school tomorrow.还可Im seriously ill, which makes me unable to go to school tomorrow.5积累习语。写作中使用英语习语可以凸显文章的“地道”，因此习语积累已经成为英语学习的重要组成部分。如：It rained heavily when I was on the way back home. 与It rained cats and dogs when I was on the way back home.6. 每日训练，写作不辍。7. 善于研究范文，总结思路、技巧，有意识地将其运用到自己的写作中。8. 关注社会生活，培养思维能力。半开放式作文的话题常和同学们的学习生活或社会时事相关，所以要广泛接触文化、科学、体育等各种题材，拓展视野，扩大知识面。同时也可以就共同关心的话题进行交流，提高思维能力，培养分析问题和解决问题的能力。