2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解专练（5）.doc

2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解专练（5）科普知识（阅读理解）由 (xx安徽“江南十校”高三联考) 改编US scientists have fixed experimental sensors (传感器) in some cities to map wind patterns and provide possible lifesaving information in a chemical or biological attack.Two test models,in the form of nine-meter high aluminum (铝) towers,are now undergoing testing in New York City,one in Greenwich Village and the other near Times Square.Half a dozen similar sensors have been fixed in and around Washington.Simulations (模仿) of terrorist attacks carried out since the Sep.11,2001 attacks have stressed the importance of finding out as soon as possible those areas that would be most affected by giving out poisonous gas or radioactive material into the air.Now,the only reliable sources of information on wind speeds and direction are major airports,which are generally located too far away from city centers to be of much use.The experimental sensors measure wind strength and direction 10 times per second.The information is downloaded through the Internet to puters that can turn out a detailed wind map,updated every 15 minutes.Addressing a recent House of Representatives mittee meeting,the director of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAAs) “Air Resources” laboratory,Bruce Hicks,stressed the importance of developing the wind mapping program.“The wind sensors now being tested were produced by scientists recognizing theres a real problem and wed better start handling it fast or else well get into trouble.”Hicks said.Funds(资金) during the testing period had been provided by the new Department for Homeland Security which will decide whether to fix sensor networks in major US cities,if the experiment should have positive results.1.The purpose of developing the wind mapping program is to .A.get lifesaving information during terrorist attacksB.get useful information about weather changesC.map the speed and direction of the windD.prevent possible terrorist attacks2.According to the text,the information from major airports is .A.slowly downloadedB.not quite reliableC.quickly updatedD.not very useful3.From the text,we can learn that the wind mapping program .A.has been put into practical useB.is being experimentedC.is just an idea under discussionD.has finally failed for lack of money4.What is the text mainly about?()A.Scientists mapping wind to sense terrorist attacks.B.Whether wind mapping program is useful or not.C.How the wind mapping program works.D.The importance of wind mapping program.语篇解读:美国科学家在很多主要城市安装了测量风向的传感器,目的是更加精确地为防范生化武器的袭击提供信息。答案及剖析:1.A推理判断题。由文章第一段的.to map wind patterns and provide possible lifesaving information in.attack可知选A项。2.D细节理解题。由第四段的描述可知,来自主要机场的信息离市中心太远,以至于它们提供的信息用处不大,故选D项。3.B细节理解题。由第二段和最后两段可知,the wind mapping program 正在测试当中,故选B项。4.A主旨大意题。文章的第一段为本文的主题段,由此可知A项正确。【疑难词汇解读】1.undergo v.经历,经受She is undergoing surgery.她正在接受手术。2.poisonous adj.有毒的New furniture often gives out something poisonous.新家具常释放有毒的东西。【长难句子分析】 自2001年9月11日的恐怖袭击以来,针对恐怖袭击进行的模仿已经强调了通过释放有毒气体或放射性物质的方法尽快弄清那些可能受到影响的地方的重要性。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。【xx高考英语福建省莆田市教学质量检查试卷】At this special rate，youll save more than 73 off the cover price with our Continuous Renewal Guarantee ! Youll also get FREE access for 6 months to the Readers Digest Digital Edition for iPad or Kindle Fire，with your paid subscription(订阅)Subscribe to ReaderS Digest today and Read up!Continuous Renewal(续订)：Your subscription will be automatically renewed at significant savings off the cover price，unless you tell us to stopYou authorize us to charge your credit card for your renewal subscription before your current subscription expires(到期)at the low renewal rate then in effectIf your credit card cant be charged for any reason we will bill you directly insteadThis service will continue each year until you tell us to stopCancel at any time at rd/cutomer-care and get the money back on all unmailed issuesOffer is good in U.S. onlyOne-year cover price is $47.78Each 1-year subscription includes 12 issuesPlease allow4-6 weeks for delivery of your first issueFree access to the iPad edition is available one time onlyfor 6 months with paid subscription；the following print subscriptions will not qualify subscriber for free access to the iPad editionsFor customer service , please click here.64You will save around_ against the cover price with Continuous Renewal Guarantee intwo yearsA$46 B$73 C$23 D$7165Which of the following sentences is TRUE?AIf you stop the continuous renewal，you cant take the money backBIf you continue to subscribe it，the former service will expireCIf you want to stop the service，you can visit the website to cancel itDIf your credit card cant be charged，delivery of issues will directly be stopped66We can know from the advertisement .Aonly readers in America call get the discount B1-year subscription covers 12 issues and free delivery Call subscribers will be guaranteed to get free iPad editions Dif you Pay money，you can access the digital edition without limit 67What is the purpose of the advertisement? ATo sell Readers Digest Digital Edition BTo offer customer service to readers CTo introduce subscription to Readers Digest DTo remend continuous renewal subscription【参考答案】6467、DCAD 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。【xx高考英语福建省莆田市教学质量检查试卷】 DrFerguson energetically pushed the preparations for his departure，and in person directed the construction of his balloonFor a long time past he had been applying himself to the study of the Arab language and the various Mandingoe idioms，and，thanks to his talents in language，he had made rapid progressIn the meanwhile，his friend，the sportsman，never let him out ofhis sight-afraid，no doubt，that the doctor might take his departure，without saying a word to anybodyOn this subject，he tried to discourage him with the most persuasive arguments，which，however，did NOT persuade Samuel Ferguson，and wasted his breath，by which the latter seemed to be but slightly movedIn fine，Dick felt that the doctor was slipping through his fingers The poor Scot was really to be pitiedHe could not look upon theblue sky without a wild terror: when asleep，he felt dizziness(眩晕)that made his head turn around；and every night he had visions of crashing down from immeasurable heightsWe must add that，during these nightmares，he once or twice fell out of bed. His first care then was to show Ferguson a severe bump(肿块)that he had received on the fall“And yet，”hewould add，with warmth，“that was at the height of only three feet一not an inch more一and such a bump as this! Only think，then!”This appeal，full of sad meaning as it was，did not seem to touch the doctors heartNot even the shadow of a doubt was ever suggested；and Samuel made an intolerable misuse of the first person plural：“Ourballoon，our car ；ourexpedition.” Dick trembled at them，although he was determined not to go ; he did not want to annoy his friendLet us also disclose the fact that，without knowing exactly why himself，he had sent to Edinburgh for a certain selection of heavy clothing，and his best hunting-tools and fire-arms68Why did DrFerguson start to learn new languages?ATo keep himself occupiedBTo get ready for the departureCTo show his talent in languageDTo Know more about balloon construction69We Call infer from the passage that Dick .Asuffered from a disease during the nightsBgot hurt in a fall from the balloon in the eveningCdecided to take the adventure with the doctor at lastDequipped himself with arms to frighten his friend70Which word best describes DrFergusons attitude towards his balloon flight?AExcited BOptimistic CWorried. DDetermined71Whats the writing pattern of the passage?ANews BFiction CJournal DBiography【参考答案】6871、BCDB 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。【四川省绵阳市xx高考英语一模试题】An early invention by Albert Einstein has been rebuilt by scientists at Oxford University. They are trying to develop an environmentally friendly refrigerator that runs without electricity.We all know that modern fridges cause damage to the environment. They work by using a kind of man-made greenhouse gas called Freon (氟里昂), which is far more damaging than carbon dioxide.Now Malcolm McCulloch, an electrical engineer at Oxford, is leading a three-year project to develop appliances that can be used in places without electricity.His team has pleted a prototype (样机) of a fridge patented in 1930 by Einstein. It used only pressurized gases to keep things cold. The design was partly used in the first refrigerators, but the technology was dropped when more efficient pressors (压缩机) became popular in the 1950s. That meant a switch to using Freon.Einsteins idea uses butane (丁烷) and water and takes advantage of the fact that liquids boil at lower temperatures, when the air pressure around them is lower.If you go to the top of Mount Qomolangma, water boils at a much lower temperature than it does when youre at sea level and thats because the pressure is much lower up there, said McCulloch.At one side is the evaporator (蒸发器), a bottle that contains liquid butane. If you introduce a new vapor above the butane, the liquid boiling temperature decreases and, as it boils off, it takes energy from the surroundings to do so, says McCulloch. Thats what makes it cold.The gas fridges based on Einsteins design were replaced by Freon-pressor fridges partly because Einsteins design was not very efficient. But McCulloch thinks that by changing the design and replacing the types of gases used it will be possible to quadruple (翻两番) the efficiency.However, McCullochs fridge is still in its early stages. Its very much a prototype, he said. Give us another month and well have it working.72According to the passage, an early invention by Albert Einstein _.Ahas been rediscovered because it costs much less and works more efficientlyBis being redesigned because it could be used in places without electricityChas just been found to be energy-saving and environmentally friendlyDwill be fully made use of and bee the fridge of the future73Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?AFreon was used in fridges long before the 1950s.BFreon is what makes current fridges big polluters.CMcCulloch thinks he could improve Einsteins design by using other types of vapors.DThe fridge Malcolm McCulloch and his team designed will be put into production soon.74We can learn from the text that the prototype pleted _.Achanged the air pressure around itBwas tested on the top of Mount EverestCincreased the liquid boiling temperatureDused only pressurized gases to keep things cold75McCullochs words in Paragraph 6 _.Aserve as an explanation for the principle behind Einsteins fridgeBgive you the reason why Einsteins fridge was not efficientCtell you how to take advantage of low air pressureDshow you how Einsteins fridge works【参考答案】7275、BBDA